Meeting Them Where They Are

2015 ◽  
pp. 125-145
Author(s):  
Thomas C. Priester ◽  
Tisha M. Smith
Keyword(s):  
Community Colleges ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Correctional Facilities ◽  
United States Congress ◽  
Near Future ◽  
Second Chance

Correctional educational programs strive to enhance the type of prisoner returning to the community and reduce the chances they will return to their criminal activity and (as a result) return to prison. While some correctional facilities have school districts, some collaborate with community colleges to obtain educational services. In 2007, the United States Congress passed the Second Chance Act, which allotted funding to enhance the nation's educational system within its correctional facilities. The purpose of this chapter is to address a specific way community colleges serve students where they are. The authors address research pertaining to the role of education in an incarcerated student population's ability to be rehabilitated and reintegrated into society. Additionally, the authors share first-hand curricular and support challenges and innovative practices in preparing students behind bars for the workforce of the (in most cases) not so near future.

scholarly journals PRESIDENTIAL POWERS IN SOUTH AFRICA – MORE QUESTIONS THAN ANSWERS

Obiter ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
George Barrie
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
South African ◽  
Good Governance ◽  
The United States ◽  
Abraham Lincoln ◽  
United States Congress ◽  
Executive Authority ◽  
Head Of State ◽  
The Republic

This note attempts to analyse the essence of presidential powers in South Africa. These powers are in essence found in sections 83−85 of the Constitution, which relate to “The President”, “Powers and functions of President” and “Executive authority of the Republic” respectively. After being in operation for close to two-and-a-half decades, questions still remain as to the precise meaning of the Constitution’s reference to the President as “head of state”, “head of the national executive” and being vested with “executive authority”. The existence of such questions, it is submitted, should be of some concern. Since the role of the President is critical in ensuring effective executive government, is it not imperative that, by this time, there should be a consensus as to the meaning of the terms “head of state”, “head of the national executive” and “executive authority”? The role of the President can be extremely politically demanding. Executive aggrandisement must be averted. Because our system of executive government is relatively unexplored given that the Constitution only dates from 1996, it needs to be developed in a truly democratic context with a keen sense of constitutionalism. This implies that the executive must be “unable to employ the strong arm tactics that an autocratic executive is by its very nature able to do”.The dilemma facing the South African President as head of state and head of the national executive and being vested with executive authority (sections 83, 84 and 85 of the Constitution) is similar to that faced by Abraham Lincoln on 4 July 1861 in his historic address to the United States Congress after the outbreak of the Civil War. Lincoln posed this question: “Must a government, of necessity, be too strong for the liberties of its own people, or too weak to maintain its own existence?”.In discussing the terms “head of state” and “head of the national executive”, the terms as they feature in the Constitution are referred to; the terms as interpreted and applied in practice are analysed and lastly the myriad questions raised by the terms are highlighted. It will emerge that when it comes to analysing these terms, there appear to be more questions than answers. It is submitted that these unanswered questions are not consonant with good governance and can only result in constant litigation.

Human Trafficking in Florida: The Role of Applied Anthropology in Addressing the Problem and Response

2012 ◽  
Vol 34 (4) ◽  
pp. 24-28
Author(s):  
Karen Dyer ◽  
Nathaniel Dickey ◽  
Sarah Smith ◽  
Hannah Helmy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Trafficking ◽  
Sex Trafficking ◽  
The United States ◽  
Applied Anthropology ◽  
United States Congress ◽  
Trafficking In Persons ◽  
Labor Trafficking ◽  
Exact Data

Human trafficking is a pervasive issue in the United States (Florida State 2003:16). While an estimated 18,000-20,000 persons are trafficked across the nation's borders each year, this may be a dramatic underestimation of actual occurrence due to the hidden nature of human trafficking crimes and the fact that this number does not include domestic trafficking incidents (Florida State 2003:16). Federal anti-trafficking legislation defines "trafficking in persons" to mean those compelled into commercial sex acts (sex trafficking) or labor and services (labor trafficking) through force, fraud or coercion (United States Congress 2000). Although exact data regarding the incidence of human trafficking in Florida are currently unavailable, it is considered a lucrative trafficking hub—often being cited as one of the top three states in which the crime occurs. This is principally because of its agriculture- and tourism-based economy, two industries in which trafficking can thrive with relatively little resistance (Florida State 2003:27). Indeed, Miami International Airport has ranked among the "top points of entry for trafficking" since as early as 1999 (Florida State 2003:28). The lack of comprehensive data also precludes a clear picture of the demographics and nationalities of all trafficked persons in Florida, but figures from the U.S. Conference of Catholic Bishops provide a snapshot of certified victims of trafficking who are receiving federal benefits. In a four-year period ending August 2010, 274 trafficked persons received federal benefits; of these individuals, 127 were female, 147 were male, and the top five nationalities were those from Haiti (81), the Phillipines (65), Mexico (42), Guatemala (13), and Honduras (12) (Florida State 2010:39-40).

THE ROLE OF EDUCATIONAL SERVICES AND PROGRAMS AMONG THE SERVICES FOR THE ELDERLY IN AUSTRALIA

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Дороніна О. В.
Keyword(s):  
Community Education ◽  
Working Life ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Basic Knowledge ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Knowledge And Skills ◽  
Wide Range

The article aims at outlining the role of educational programs and services for older Australians and reviewing the experience of Australia in providing other services and programs for the elderly. In today’s world, issues relating to help and support for the elderly have received special attention due to the longevity revolution in the world. The Australian Government’s initiatives have always been aimed at providing support and assistance to older Australians in relation to health, education, finances and employment. It has been established that non-governmental institutions also come to the assistance of senior people by providing different educational services and creating programs. It has been emphasized that educational services and programs for mature Australians are aimed at acquiring new knowledge and skills, combating social disengagement and alienation. It has been stressed that Adult and Community Education sector plays a vital role in supporting older Australians to continue their learning, thus providing the ability to extend working life by upgrading their knowledge and skills. The University of The Third Age is a movement offering daylight courses arranged on a term or semester basis with a wide range of subjects and delivering online learning via the Internet to older Australians. Be Connected is an online service provided in order to improve skills, enhance the confidence and digital literacy of the elderly in Australia. The online recourses of Be Connected allow older Australians to acquire basic knowledge of using electronic devices and working with the Internet. As a result of the study, it was concluded that educational programs and services for older Australians play an important role in contributing to their continuous learning and helping to participate in social and working life. The scientific novelty of the research lies in giving an overview of the main educational services and programs for older Australians, stressing the importance of continuous education at older age and revealing the educational component of other provided services.

scholarly journals Ideological Boundaries of Status Advantages: Legislative Effectiveness in the United States House of Representatives

2020 ◽  
pp. 017084062090720
Author(s):  
Francois Collet ◽  
Gianluca Carnabuci ◽  
Gokhan Ertug ◽  
Tengjian Zou
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
House Of Representatives ◽  
The United States ◽  
High Status ◽  
United States Congress ◽  
Organizational Influence ◽  
The Status ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Legislative Effectiveness

Prior research assumes that high-status actors have greater organizational influence than lower-status ones, that is, it is easier for the former to get their ideas and initiatives adopted by the organization than it is for the latter. Drawing from the literature on ideology, we posit that the status–influence link is contingent on actors’ ideological position. Specifically, status confers organizational influence to the degree that the focal actor is ideologically mainstream. The more an actor’s ideology deviates from the mainstream the less will her status translate into increased organizational influence. We find support for this hypothesis using data on the work of legislators in the House of Representatives in the United States Congress. By illuminating how and under what conditions status leads to increased influence, this study qualifies and extends current understandings of the role of status in organizations.

scholarly journals The Influence of the Russian Language on the Development of Modern Russian-Chinese Relations (Based on Surveys 2017–2019)

2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-122
Author(s):  
A.V. Sukhomyatkina ◽  
◽  
M.Yu. Martynova ◽  
◽  
Keyword(s):  
Chinese Students ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Russian Language ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Foreign Languages ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Russian State ◽  
The Face ◽  
The Russian Language

сurrently, there is an increase in Russian-Chinese interaction, as a result of which Russian has become one of the most popular foreign languages in China. The article discusses the historical background of the emergence of Russian-Chinese educational cooperation. Particular emphasis is placed on the analysis of the role of Russian-Chinese educational programs involving the development of the Russian language. The author comes to the conclusion that in the face of growing Chinese demand for learning the Russian language, one of the tasks of the Russian state is to expand the export of educational services in this segment. The study is based on the results of a sociological survey of Chinese students.

Mission Evolution and International Community Colleges

2019 ◽  
pp. 24-34
Author(s):  
Rosemary Gillet-Karam ◽  
Robin L. Spaid
Keyword(s):  
Community Colleges ◽  
The United States ◽  
International Community ◽  
College Mission ◽  
Community College Mission ◽  
Cultural Texts ◽  
The Impact ◽  
To Receive ◽  
The U.S

With its focus on opportunity and access, the mission of community colleges in the United States has allowed millions of otherwise non-included populations to receive two years of higher education. Thus, these graduates have contributed to the citizenry of the U.S. and to their own social and economic statuses. In this chapter, the authors focused on that mission as it applies to international community colleges, a growing phenomenon in many divergent countries. Instead of locking themselves into a role of offering a standard for international colleges in regards to their missions, the authors offered multicultural foci built on the cultural texts of those colleges. In addition, while it seemed obvious that the impact of the features of the American Community College mission had influence over the rise of international community colleges, their own definitions of services, issues, and needs must take precedence over simple emulation of practices.

Cybersecurity Legislation

2020 ◽  
pp. 402-411
Author(s):  
Christopher Thomas Anglim
Keyword(s):  
Criminal Behavior ◽  
Child Pornography ◽  
National Level ◽  
Criminal Activity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Federal Legislation ◽  
Us Congress ◽  
State And Local ◽  
Dark Web

This entry discusses the role of legislation governing cybersecurity and how this legislation seeks to control criminal activity on the dark web. As explained throughout this encyclopedia, the dark web consists of internet services that are accessible anonymously using “the onion router” (TOR). There has been a concentrated effort in recent years for federal legislation in the United States to be enacted to control the widespread criminal behavior that occurs on the dark web, which includes the sale of drugs, illegal weapons, and child pornography. Legislation, as the term is used in this work, refers to law enacted by a legislative body such as the US Congress. The article considers both existing relevant statutory law and proposed legislation on the local, state/provincial, and federal/national level. The focus will be on US federal legislation; however, the article will also consider US state and local legislation, the legislation from other nations, and international legislation.

ABOUT THE SITUATION WITH THE TEACHING COMPUTER SCIENCE IN CERTAIN COUNTRIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (7) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
D. A. Bogdanova
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Computer Science ◽  
Education System ◽  
United States Of America ◽  
The United States ◽  
Educational Programs ◽  
Digital Environment

The digital environment of children is not an extra option, but a habitat. When a person does not have a knowledge in coding, he is forced to accept the devices and software provided by the developers. This puts him at a disadvantage: he spends a lot of time in a digital environment, where the rules of conduct have not been developed by himself. Knowledge of coding, according to the formed opinion, will help the user to better "navigate the situation". Digitally literate children will stop judging websites by their attractiveness and range of services only — they will be capable to critically and purposefully build their interaction with the websites. The dynamics of the situation with teaching informatics in schools in the United States of America from 2005 to the present and in Estonia from 2012 to the present has been analyzed in the article. The features of the approach to the formation of educational programs in informatics in schools of different states and the role of external organizations that are not related to the education system have been considered.

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