Phenomenology, Epigenome and Epigenetic Influence on the Growth and Development of School-Age Children

This chapter focused on the impact of phenomenology, epigenome, and epigenetic factors in the growth and development of school-age children. The biological and social determinants of human development were explored. Inevitably, the inherited gene–chromosomes play a significant role in human growth and development. The academic institutions are set up to facilitate the process of nurturing school-age children, not only in their physical growth and development, but also in their social adjustment to enable them to become fully functioning adults. By far most important, we explored the role of epigenetics in human aging process, since numerous existential events as weathering, stress, nutrition inclement weather, and chemical/pesticides in our environment contribute to aging.

2016 ◽  
pp. 999-1025
Author(s):  
E. William Ebomoyi

This chapter focused on the impact of phenomenology, epigenome, and epigenetic factors in the growth and development of school-age children. The biological and social determinants of human development were explored. Inevitably, the inherited gene–chromosomes play a significant role in human growth and development. The academic institutions are set up to facilitate the process of nurturing school-age children, not only in their physical growth and development, but also in their social adjustment to enable them to become fully functioning adults. By far most important, we explored the role of epigenetics in human aging process, since numerous existential events as weathering, stress, nutrition inclement weather, and chemical/pesticides in our environment contribute to aging.


2021 ◽  
pp. 106648072110239
Author(s):  
Robyn T. Simmons ◽  
Kelly Coker ◽  
Brooks B. Hanks ◽  
Donna S. Sheperis ◽  
Lynn Bohecker

Aspects of human growth and development have been studied since the inception of psychology as a field of science. The impact of the quality of mothering on children has been highly researched. However, little attention has been paid in the professional literature to the experiences of mothers as their children move through developmental stages. The focus of this hermeneutic phenomenology study was to investigate how mothers’ experiences of their child's growth and development changed her perceptions of her identity and herself. Participants were eight women who had launched the oldest child from the home within the last 2 years. Extensive data analysis and triangulation procedures were conducted to develop themes. Universal themes experienced by all participants were categorized as internal (questioning, comparison, being purposeful, and feeling supported) and external (experiencing joy). Some participant experiences were influenced by incidental themes such as subsequent children, expectations versus reality, and spirituality. Participants’ experience of their mothering role was also impacted by the process of letting go through the developmental progression of their children. Clinical implications are discussed.


2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 57-65
Author(s):  
Lucia Ani Kristanti ◽  
Cintika Yorinda Sebtalesy

Abstrak: Usia 6-12 tahun merupakan usia anak pada masa sekolah. Standar pertumbuhan fisik dan standar kemampuan yang normal dan wajar akan dimiliki oleh anak usia pada masa sekolah yang sehat sesuai kriteria sehat pada usianya. Proses belajar di masa depan pada anak usia sekolah dasar akan dipengaruhi oleh pertumbuhan dan perkembangannya di masa awal belajar ini. Maka daripada itu, penunjang kondisi otak agar berprestasi yang lebih baik, dapat ditunjang dengan perhatian penting pada gizi anak sekolah dasar. Kegiatan dilakukan pada bulan Februari 2019 dan diikuti oleh 20 orang siswa kelas I SDN 03 Purworejo. Pelaksanaan kegiatan ini yang digunakan adalah pemeriksaan kesehatan siswa (berat badan dan tinggi badan) dan pemberian pendidikan kesehatan tentang gizi. Metode yang digunakan adalah metode ceramah, metode tanya jawab dan game/quiz. Hasilnya yaitu kesadaran siswa untuk mengikuti kegiatan pemeriksaan status gizi secara rutin dan mengonsumsi makanan dengan pola gizi seimbang. Beberapa faktor pendukung kegiatan tersebut antara lain : 1. Para peserta memiliki kemauan yang besar untuk mendapatkan informasi dan pengetahuan mengenai zat-zat gizi yang bermanfaat bagi kesehatan tubuh, 2. Kegiatan pendidikan kesehatan ini sangat didukung oleh civitas akademika sekolah, yang secara spontan dan terstruktur ikut berpartisipasi secara aktif dalam pelaksanaan pendidikan kesehatan tentang gizi tersebut.. Kendala yang dihadapi dalam pelaksanaan kegiatan ini yaitu adanya keterbatasan dalam fasilitas pendukung untuk melakukan presentasi diantaranya tidak ada tayangan gambar/ slide dari LCD proyektor karena keterbatasan waktu dan kondisi. Dampak kegiatan ini bagi sekolah yaitu mengetahui status gizi siswa sehingga melahirkan program baru yaitu secara rutin mengukur status gizi siswa melalui pengukuran berat badan dan tinggi badan.Abstract: School children are who are at school age, namely between 6-12 years. At this age, a healthy child will experience normal and reasonable growth and development, that is, according to the physical growth standards of children in general and according to his age's ability standards. When entering elementary school age, children are in the early stages of learning, which will affect the child's learning process in the future. Therefore, it is important to pay attention to elementary school children's nutrition to support the physical condition of the brain, which is a requirement for children to have high intelligence to support children's learning achievement in a better direction. The activity was carried out in February 2019 and was attended by 20 grade I students of SDN 03 Purworejo. This activity's implementation is the student's health check (body weight and height) and health education about nutrition. The methods used are the lecture method, the question and answer method, and the game/quiz method. The result is students' awareness of routine nutritional status checks and eating foods with a balanced nutritional pattern. Some of the supporting factors for these activities include 1. The participants have a great willingness to get information and knowledge about nutritional substances beneficial to body health, 2. This health education activity is highly supported by the school, both directly and indirectly. Participate actively in the implementation of health education about nutrition. The constraints faced in the implementation of this activity are the limitations in supporting facilities for making presentations, including no image/slide display from the LCD projector due to limited time and conditions. The impact on schools is knowing students' nutritional status so that it creates new programs, namely routinely measuring the nutritional status of students through measurements of body weight and height.


Author(s):  
Ashim Malhotra ◽  
Shivani Soni

Mitochondria constitute an integral structural and functional part of the cardiac muscle. The heart muscle relies on the mitochondrial production of fatty acids and ATP as sources of energy during different stages of human growth and development. New mitochondria are created from existing ones by a process called mitochondrial biogenesis which involves both fusion and fission events controlled by a bevy of proteins such as Drp1, OPA1, Mfn1, and Mfn2. In this chapter, we examine the role of these mitochondrial fission and fusion proteins in regulating various heart diseases, particularly, reperfusion injury, dilated cardiomyopathy, and heart failure. It is our intent to examine whether any of these proteins may serve as future candidates for cardiovascular therapy.


2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 56-62
Author(s):  
R. Iskra ◽  
V. Vlizlo ◽  
R. Fedoruk

The results of our studies and the data of modern literature regarding the biological role of Cr(III) compounds in conditions of their application in the nutrition for pigs and cattle are discussed. The metabolic impact of Cr(III), coming from different sources – mineral and organic compounds, obtained by chemical synthesis or a nanotechnological method (chromium citrate), as well as in the form of biocomplexes from the cultural medium of Saccharomyces cerevisiae yeasts was analyzed. The metabolic connection between the impact of Cr(III) and the biosynthesis of some hormones – insulin, cortisol – as well as the sensitivity of some tissues and organs to the effect of chromium compounds was studied. A considerable part of the review material was dedicated to the metabolic effect of Cr(III) compounds on the reproductive function of pigs and cattle and their impact on the viability of the offspring and gametes of animals. The data about the stimulating effect of Cr(III) on the growth and development of the organism of piglets and calves, meat and milk performance of these species of animals are discussed. The relevance of dosing Cr(III) in the nutrition of pigs and cattle is highlighted.


2020 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
T. Shirshova

Disorders of the musculoskeletal system in school-age children occupy 1-2 places in the structure of functional abnormalities. Cognitive impairment without organic damage to the central nervous system is detected in 30-56% of healthy school children. Along with the increase in the incidence rate, the demand for rehabilitation systems, which allow patients to return to normal life as soon as possible and maintain the motivation for the rehabilitation process, is also growing. Adaptation of rehabilitation techniques, ease of equipment management, availability of specially trained personnel and availability of technical support for complexes becomes important.


BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e043397
Author(s):  
Austen El-Osta ◽  
Aos Alaa ◽  
Iman Webber ◽  
Eva Riboli Sasco ◽  
Emmanouil Bagkeris ◽  
...  

ObjectiveInvestigate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on feelings of loneliness and social isolation in parents of school-age children.DesignCross-sectional online survey of parents of primary and secondary school-age children.SettingCommunity setting.Participants1214 parents of school-age children in the UK.MethodsAn online survey explored the impact of lockdown on the mental health of parents with school-age children, and in particular about feelings of social isolation and loneliness. Associations between the UCLA Three-Item Loneliness Scale (UCLATILS), the Direct Measure of Loneliness (DMOL) and the characteristics of the study participants were assessed using ordinal logistic regression models.Main outcome measuresSelf-reported measures of social isolation and loneliness using UCLATILS and DMOL.ResultsHalf of respondents felt they lacked companionship, 45% had feelings of being left out, 58% felt isolated and 46% felt lonely during the first 100 days of lockdown. The factors that were associated with higher levels of loneliness on UCLATILS were female gender, parenting a child with special needs, lack of a dedicated space for distance learning, disruption of sleep patterns and low levels of physical activity during the lockdown. Factors associated with a higher DMOL were female gender, single parenting, parenting a child with special needs, unemployment, low physical activity, lack of a dedicated study space and disruption of sleep patterns during the lockdown.ConclusionsThe COVID-19 lockdown has increased feelings of social isolation and loneliness among parents of school-age children. The sustained adoption of two modifiable health-seeking lifestyle behaviours (increased levels of physical activity and the maintenance of good sleep hygiene practices) wmay help reduce feelings of social isolation and loneliness during lockdown.


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