Banana Fiber Reinforcement and Application in Composites

2016 ◽  
pp. 201-227 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abhinav Shandilya ◽  
Ayush Gupta ◽  
Deepak Verma
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Natural Material ◽  
Focus Attention ◽  
Banana Fiber ◽  
Composites Materials ◽  
Fibre Composites

The growing awareness about sustainable development, environmental ecology and new legislations has led researchers to focus attention on bio fibres reinforced composites. In this field research has been done on many fibres but fibres such as banana, coir, bagasse, jute have gained importance in the recent decades. The main advantage of the natural fibre based composites materials being their low cost, easy availability, low density, acceptable specific properties, ease of separation, enhanced energy recovery, C02 neutrality, biodegradability and recyclability in nature. The attention is being given to the development of natural fibre composites is to explore value-added application avenues for their use and also for a sustainable and economical use of easily available natural material in hand. Agricultural waste is a very good example of such naturally available material and it can also be used to prepare composite materials for commercial use this has a very significant advantage over other natural fibres as its abundance and because of almost no cost.

Rice Husk Reinforcement in Polymer Composites

2016 ◽  
pp. 165-191
Author(s):  
Sanjay Sharma ◽  
Deepak Verma
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Thermal And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Coconut Husk ◽  
Fibre Composites ◽  
Petroleum Reserves

Increasing concern about global warming and depleting petroleum reserves and the high cost of petroleum products had made scientists to focus more on the use of natural fibres such as rice husk, baggase, coconut husk, hemp, sisal, jute, flax, banana etc. Past decade has shown many efforts to develop composites to replace the Petroleum and other non-decaying material products. Reinforcement with natural fibre in composites has recently gained attention due to low cost, easy availability, low density, acceptable, strength full, stiffness, ease of separation, enhanced energy recovery, biodegradability and recyclable in nature. Natural fibre composites are suitable as wood substitutes in the construction sector. All these have excellent physical, thermal and mechanical properties and can be utilized more effectively in the development of composite materials. In this connection, an investigation has been carried using rice husk, a natural fibre abundantly available in India.

scholarly journals Bioremediation of Nitrite from Brackishwater Using Lignocellulosic Agricultural Waste – Bagasse

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
KISHORE K. KRISHNANI ◽  
V. PARIMALA ◽  
B.P. GUPTA ◽  
I.S. AZAD ◽  
M.S. SHEKHAR
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Paper Industry ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Suitable Alternative ◽  
Water Characteristics ◽  
Nitrite Removal ◽  
Sugar Mills ◽  
Aquaculture Water

Bagasse is a complex native lignocellulosic agricultural waste left after extraction of juice from sugar cane in sugar mills. Bagasse is commonly used as a captive boiler fuel aside from its minor use as a raw material in the paper industry and in low-value products. There remains an ever present need to convert this material to useful value added products, which is an objective of our continued research. The aim of the present study is to investigate four different materials prepared from bagasse for the removal of nitrite from shrimp farm brackishwater (salinity 27±1 ppt) in laboratory condition. The experimental results showed that nitrite removal is effective using bagasse materials with the dose of 1 and 3 g•L-1. Raw bagasse fiber was found to be most effective followed by dried bagasse powder, which can be attributed to the rapid increase in bacterial counts and periphytic growth combined with ion exchange mechanism. Effect of bagasse materials on other water characteristics such as pH, salinity, alkalinity, dissolved oxygen, ammonia and phosphates has also been studied. The very low cost of lignocellulosic materials is a real advantage that renders it as a suitable alternative for the remediation of nitrite from aquaculture water.

scholarly journals A Simple Low-Cost Method to Prepare Lignocellulose-Based Composites for Efficient Removal of Cd(II) from Wastewater

Polymers ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 711 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yingying Wen ◽  
Yong Ji ◽  
Shifeng Zhang ◽  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Gaotang Cai
Keyword(s):  
Photoelectron Spectroscopy ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Particle Structure ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Removal Capacity ◽  
Secondary Reactions ◽  
Green Separation ◽  
Surface Modified

The fabrication of functional lignocellulose-based materials has drawn considerable attention because it acts as a green separation/absorption material owing to its multi-porous mesostructure. In this study, a surface functionalized lignocellulose-based adsorbent for the highly efficient capture of Cd(II) ions was prepared through facile in situ co-deposition of wood waste-derived saw powder (SP) in the presence of tannic acid (TA) and aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES) mixed aqueous solution. The SP was first modified using TA-APTES coating to synthesize the functional SP substrate (SP-(TA-APTES)). The SP-(TA-APTES) hybrids served as reactive platforms, which enabled further decoration with amino-rich polyethylenimine (PEI) due to the outstanding secondary reactions of the TA-APTES layer. The surface morphology of the resulting SP-(TA-APTES)-PEI (SP-TAPI) composites were investigated using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). Significantly, the combined advantages of the lignocellulosic skeleton, the layer-particle structure, and the hybrid coating contributed to the enhanced adsorption capacity of Cd(II) (up to 22.66 mg/g at pH = 5.0). This removal capacity was higher than that of most reported agricultural waste-based or lignocellulose-based materials. The Cd(II) adsorption mechanism of the surface-modified SP-TAPI composites was studied in detail. These results provide new insights into the high value-added utilization of agricultural waste for water purification applications.

Conventional and unconventional machining performance of natural fibre-reinforced polymer composites: A review

2020 ◽  
pp. 073168442095810
Author(s):  
Shanmugam Vigneshwaran ◽  
KM John ◽  
R Deepak Joel Johnson ◽  
Marimuthu Uthayakumar ◽  
V Arumugaprabu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Fibre Composite ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Scale Production ◽  
Machining Performance ◽  
Influence Of Process Parameters ◽  
Fibre Composites ◽  
Structural Applications ◽  
Unconventional Machining

Natural fibre composites are the promising replacement for synthetic fibre owing to their improved properties, and more importantly, natural fibres are biodegradable and of low cost. These characteristics have made them viable for contemporary engineering and structural applications. However, large scale production of natural fibre composites is in prone because of the challenges in manufacturing and machining. Fibre composite exhibits poor machinability characteristics owing to their heterogeneous and anisotropic behaviour. To overcome this problem, various steps and new methodologies have been established in the view to produce quality machining in natural fibre composites. In recent years, the possibility of conventional machining in natural fibre composites was also discussed. In the present review study, an effort has been taken in studying the fibre composite’s machining characteristics and their failure mechanism in both conventional and unconventional machining. The influence of process parameters in machining different natural fibre composites is also discussed.

scholarly journals The Effect of Jackfruit Skin Powder and Fiber Bleaching Treatment in PLA Composites with Incorporation of Thymol

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 2622
Author(s):  
Muhammad Najib Ahmad Marzuki ◽  
Intan Syafinaz Mohamed Amin Tawakkal ◽  
Mohd Salahuddin Mohd Basri ◽  
Siti Hajar Othman ◽  
Siti Hasnah Kamarudin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Packaging ◽  
Fibre Composite ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Thermal Characterization ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Poly Lactic Acid ◽  
Tropical Fruit ◽  
Fibre Composites ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Bleaching Treatment

Food packaging has seen a growth in the use of materials derived from renewable resources such as poly(lactic acid) (PLA). However, the initial costs to produce bioplastics are typically high. Tropical fruit waste as naturally sourced fibres, such as jackfruit skin, can be used as a cost-reducing filler for PLA. The main objective in this study is to fabricate a low-cost natural fibre-reinforced polymer that potentially applies in packaging with the aid of bleaching treatment. The treatment shows a rougher surface fibre in Scanning electron microscopy (SEM) micrographs and it is expected to have better mechanical locking with the matrix, and this is found similar with a Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. Unfortunately, fibre insertion does find low tensile performances, yet bleached-fibre composites improved its performance significantly. A similar situation was found in the thermal characterization where a low-thermal stability natural fibre composite has lower thermal behaviour and this increased with bleaching treatment. Besides, bleached-fibre composites have a longer service period. Besides, a 15 wt% thymol insertion inhibits the growth of Gram-positive bacteria in the composites and the non-treated fibre composite has better thymol effects. The 30 wt% of the bleached-fibre insertion composite has a high potential to reduce the cost of bioplastic products with minimum alterations of overall performances.

scholarly journals Spent mushroom compost (SMC) – retrieved added value product closing loop in agricultural production

2018 ◽  
pp. 185-202 ◽  
Author(s):  
Agnieszka Jasińska
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Waste Product ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Edible Mushroom ◽  
Added Value ◽  
Mushroom Compost ◽  
Waste Streams ◽  
Spent Mushroom Compost ◽  
Global Environmental

Worldwide edible mushroom production on agro-industrial residues comprises of more than 11 million tons of fresh mushrooms per year. For 1 kg of mushrooms there is 5 kg of spent mushroom compost (SMC). This enormous amount of waste results in disposal problems. However, SMC is a waste product of the mushroom industry, which contains mycelium and high levels of remnant nutrients such as organic substances (N, P, K). The spent mushroom compost is usually intended for utilization, but there are increasing numbers of experiments focusing on its reuse in agricultural and horticultural production. Recently, the increase of the global environmental consciousness and stringent legislation have focused research towards the application of sustainable and circular processes. Innovative and environmentally friendly systems of utilisation of waste streams have increased interest of the scientific community. Circular economy implies that agricultural waste will be the source for retrieving high value-added compounds. The goal of the present work was to carry out a bibliographic review of the different scenarios, regarding the exploitation of this low cost feedstock with huge potential for valorisation.

scholarly journals Biochar Derived from the Dry, Solid Fraction of Pig Manure as Potential Fertilizer for Poor and Contaminated Soils

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
pp. 167 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jens Maggen ◽  
Robert Carleer ◽  
Jan Yperman ◽  
Alain De Vocht ◽  
Sonja Schreurs ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soils ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Beneficial Effects ◽  
Viable Approach

Pig manure results in the release of NH3, NOx, volatile organic compounds and odour nuisance. Pyrolysis of dried pig manure can be considered as an economical viable approach converting this agricultural waste into value added products. The produced amendment biochar can be used as a slow release fertilizer with high concentration of N, K and P and has beneficial effects as carbon sequester and improver of soil quality and crop productivity. It is proved that a 2 wt.% blending of biochar with a poor soil affects positively plant growth and crops (dwarf beans), and worm (Eisenia fetida) survival and production. Additional, available heavy metals are immobilised in the biochar and not leachable. The resulting biochar therefore offers prospects as low cost, slow release soil conditioner and fertiliser for a long term effect.

Technical Aspects of Adsorption Process onto an Innovative Eggshell-Derived Low-Cost Adsorbent

2012 ◽  
Vol 730-732 ◽  
pp. 648-652 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joana Carvalho ◽  
André Ribeiro ◽  
Jorge Araújo ◽  
Fernando Castro
Keyword(s):  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Environmental Standards ◽  
Key Factors ◽  
Water And Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Global Trend ◽  
Egg Shell ◽  
By Products ◽  
Selection Of

As the current global trend towards more stringent environmental standards, technical applicability and cost-effectiveness became key factors in the selection of adsorbents for water and wastewater treatment. Recently, various low-cost adsorbents derived from agricultural waste, industrial by-products or natural materials, have been intensively investigated. In this respect, the eggshells from egg-breaking operations constitute significant waste disposal problems for the food industry, so the development of value-added by-products from this waste is to be welcomed. The egg processing industry is very competitive, with low profit margins due to global competition and cheap imports. Additionally, the costs associated with the egg shell disposal (mainly on landfill sites) are significant, and expected to continue increasing as landfill taxes increase. The aim of the present review is to provide an overview on the development of low-cost adsorbents derived from eggshell by-products.

scholarly journals Natural Vegetable Fibre / Plasticised Natural Vegetable Fibre - a Candidate for Low Cost and Fully Biodegradable Composite

1999 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 096369359900800 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xun Lu ◽  
Ming Qiu Zhang ◽  
Min Zhi Rong ◽  
Guang Shi ◽  
Gui Cheng Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fibre Composite ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Pine Sawdust ◽  
Natural Fibre Composite ◽  
Biodegradable Composite ◽  
Fibre Composites ◽  
Heterogeneous Nature ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Vegetable Fibre

A novel fibre composite consisting of natural vegetable fibre as the reinforcer and plasticised natural vegetable fibre as the matrix was studied. By means of cyanoethylation and chlorination, pine sawdust and chopped sisal were converted into thermoplastics and then compounded with sisal and ramie fibres. The natural fibre composite not only exhibits properties similar to those of conventional fibre composites, but also is characterised by easy processing, enviromental frendliness, low cost and capability of tailoring property due to the physically heterogeneous nature.

scholarly journals Recent Developments in Water Treatment by Cellulose Aerogels from Agricultural Waste

2021 ◽  
Vol 947 (1) ◽  
pp. 012011
Author(s):  
Phuong X T Nguyen ◽  
Kim H Ho ◽  
Chi T X Nguyen ◽  
Nga H N Do ◽  
Anh P N Pham ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Water Treatment ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Agricultural Waste ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Water Remediation ◽  
Contaminated Water ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Modern Age ◽  
Removal Of Heavy Metals ◽  
Recent Developments

Abstract Water pollution caused by inorganic and organic compounds affects seriously health risks and the destruction of the water balance of the ecosystem. Water remediation is one of the greatest challenges of the modern age, which is faced by several countries in over the world. Many advanced technologies have been developed in recent years to manage this alarming problem. One of the recent research directions is to utilize agricultural waste, which is an abundant, low-cost, eco-friendly source, to manufacture cellulose aerogels for the removal of heavy metals, dyes, and oils from contaminated water. This review paper focuses on the latest green fabrication of bio-aerogels from various cellulose-based plant waste and studies on the kinetics and influence of factors such as contact time, pH solution, initial concentration, and temperature on the adsorption process to better understand the mechanisms of water treatment by the cellulose aerogels. Based on the discussion and summary, the potential of agro-waste sources in their value-added chain by developing efficient water treatment cellulose aerogels is comprehensively overviewed.

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