Water Pollution Burden and Techniques for Control

2018 ◽  
pp. 146-179
Author(s):  
Kanav Dhir ◽  
Meenakshi Jatayan ◽  
Shakti Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Industrial Production ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Mitigation Techniques

The enhancements in the socio-economic status of many people has come from the expansion of agricultural and industrial production. But, some of the activities associated with this expansion have adversely affected water quality. This leads to a negative impact on public health, eminence of life, and environment. This chapter sets out to explain the various factors that lead to water contamination and different mitigation techniques to manage them. We need this knowledge so as to develop suitable solutions for a broad range of environmental problems.

Towards Management of Environmental Problems in Egypt

1990 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peter M. Haas
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Developing Country ◽  
Pollution Control ◽  
Action Plan ◽  
Environmental Problems ◽  
Counter Example ◽  
The Government ◽  
Mediterranean Water

As a poor, developing country, Egypt faces a wide variety of pollution and other environmental problems associated with poverty. In this essay are reviewed the most severe environmental problems currently facing Egypt, as well as the range of policies which the government has assayed in order to manage them. Some of the widespread environmental problems are growing acute. Water pollution is seen as serious, and many new factories are being built without sufficient pollution control. There are real threats to agricultural productivity and public health. While many new institutional and legal steps have been undertaken in the last 7 years, most have failed to curb effectively mounting environmental stresses in the country. A rare counter-example is Mediterranean water quality, which is being helped by activation of UNEP's Mediterranean Action Plan.

scholarly journals PERSEPSI DAN PERILAKU MASYARAKAT TERHADAP AIR LIMBAH YANG DIHASILKAN DAN KUALITAS AIR TUKAD RANGDA, KOTA DENPASAR, PROVINSI BALI

2017 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 125
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Putu Mega Priantari ◽  
I Wayan Budiarsa Suyasa ◽  
I Wayan Windia
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Management ◽  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Water Contamination ◽  
Pollution Index ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Force Field Analysis ◽  
Water Quality Status ◽  
Waste Water Management

Many activities and the continuous disposal of waste water has resulted water pollution in Tukad Rangda. Tukad Rangda's water quality over the last five years (2012-2016) indicated experiencing contamination with decreasing water quality. The condition indicates the need of serious effort to maintain the water quality of Tukad Rangda. The purpose of this research is to know the perception and behavior of head of household and businesses in conducting waste water management that potentially causing Tukad Rangda water contamination, determining water quality and water quality status based on the Pollution Index, and determining appropriate alternative strategies to control water pollution in Tukad Rangda. Sample was collected by purposive sampling. Water samples was taken at three point: on the upstream, middle, and downstream of Tukad Rangda. Samples are analyzed in situ and in laboratory. Determination of perception and community behavior based on questionnaires and interviews to households and businesses. The data obtained were analyzed by force-field analysis to determine alternative strategy of Tukad Rangda water contamination control. The results of perception analysis of households and businesses on waste water management that has the potential to cause Tukad Rangda water contamination shows well-categorized results. However, for the behavior of head of households and businesses on waste water management that potentially causing Tukad Rangda water pollution, each of them showing results that can be categorized as quite good and less good respectively. Water quality of Tukad Rangda at upstream, middle, and downstream areas have exceeded the water quality standard class II in accordance with the Bali Governor Regulations No. 16 year 2016 for these parameters: BOD, COD, phosphate, and lead. Water quality status of Tukad Rangda based on Method of Pollution Index at upstream, middle, and downstream classified slightly contaminated. Based on force-field analysis, the alternative strategy obtained is increasing the insight and understanding about waste water management to the community, water waste management regulation at household scale, coaching, supervision, and law enforcement against businesses violating the applicable regulations, providing waste water treatment facilities, as well as the development of Tukad Rangda as water tourism area through the involvement of community participation.

Family socio-economic status and young children's outcomes

2014 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 83-95 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angela Donkin ◽  
Jillian Roberts ◽  
Alison Tedstone ◽  
Michael Marmot
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Social Gradient ◽  
Rapid Review ◽  
Healthy Life ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Social And Emotional ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Social And Emotional Skills ◽  
The Social

Purpose – This paper was written as part of a suite to inform the Big Lottery Better Start programme and as such has focused on the outcomes that are of interest to that programme. The authors have also focused on outcomes for younger children and the zero to three years age group where data are available. There is a social gradient such that the lower a family's socio-economic status (SES) the greater the likelihood that they have children who are obese, have impaired social and emotional skills, or have impaired language acquisition. These statistics are clear and undisputed. The purpose of this paper is to explore some of the reasons for the social gradient in these outcomes. The paper provides some suggestions for actions that might be taken to redress the inequalities. It follows broader work presented in, for example, the Marmot (2010) review, Fair Society Healthy Lives. Design/methodology/approach – Rapid review of the literature building on the work of the Marmot (2010) review. Findings – Poor SES is linked with increased stress and a higher likelihood of being unable to afford to live a healthy life. These factors can have a negative impact on children's outcomes. The paper presents some examples of what can be done. Originality/value – This should be a useful paper for local authorities trying to reduce inequalities and improve outcomes.

scholarly journals Journey of Women: Puberty to Post-menopause

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Shrivastava A ◽  
Deepika MLN
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Risk Factors ◽  
Adverse Effect ◽  
Public Health System ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Well Being ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Potential Health Risk ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Post Menopause

Women are facing several health hazards that have an adverse effect on them and their offspring. In this article, the potential health risk factors and repercussions in women are evaluated so that sustenance of well-being is maintained and appropriate strategic interventions are made at critical stages such as at childhood, adolescence and pregnancy. Weakened and restricted access to public health system for low socio-economic status women and unregulated growth of the private sector in healthcare is leading to a near-total eclipse of availability and accessibility of universal and comprehensive healthcare.

scholarly journals Mental, Physical and Socio-Economic Status of Adults Living in Spain during the Late Stages of the State of Emergency Caused by COVID-19

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 854
Author(s):  
Elisabet Sánchez-Rodríguez ◽  
Alexandra Ferreira-Valente ◽  
Filipa Pimenta ◽  
Antonella Ciaramella ◽  
Jordi Miró
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
The State ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
State Of Emergency ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Late Stages

Research has shown that the confinement measures implemented to curb the spread of COVID-19 can have negative effects on people’s lives at multiple levels. The objective of this cross-sectional study was to better understand the mental, physical, and socio-economic status of adults living in Spain during the late stages of the state of emergency caused by COVID-19. Five hundred and forty-four individuals responded to an online survey between 3 June and 30 July 2020. They were asked to report data about their mental and physical health, financial situation, and satisfaction with the information received about the pandemic. Means, percentages, t-test, ANOVAs, and logistic regressions were computed. A third of the participants reported symptoms of anxiety, depression, and stress, and worries about their health and the future. Participants also described mild levels of fatigue and pain during lockdown (66%), and a reduction in household income (39%). Respondents that were female, younger, single, and with lower levels of education reported experiencing a greater impact of the COVID-19 pandemic. The data showed that the negative effects of lockdown were present in the late stages of the state of emergency. The findings can be used to contribute to the development of programs to prevent or mitigate the negative impact of confinement measures.

scholarly journals Incidence of Nematode Infections among the Children brought to ICDDR, B Hospital, Dhaka, Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 159-164
Author(s):  
Farhana Muznebin ◽  
Hamida Khanum ◽  
Anoware Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Economic Status ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Living Condition ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Underdeveloped Countries ◽  
Socio Economic Status ◽  
Helminthic Infection ◽  
Ancylostoma Duodenale ◽  
The Common

Helminthic infection due to nematodes is a major public health problem in the developing and underdeveloped countries including Bangladesh. This is due to poor hygienic habits and living condition of the majority of the population. The common nematodes found in Bangladesh are Ascaris lumbricoides, Trichuris trichiura, Ancylostoma duodenale etc. Ascariasis, Trichuriasis and Ancylostomiasis appear to flourish in the communities where the socio-economic status is dominated by poverty, poor housing, insufficient sanitation and a need of health education (Crompton 1988).   doi: 10.3329/jbs.v15i0.2157   J. bio-sci. 15: 159-164, 2007

scholarly journals Public health vulnerability due to the exposure of dissolved metal(oid)s in tap water from a mega city (Dhaka, Bangladesh)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shabiha Hossain ◽  
Amit Hasan Anik ◽  
Rahat Khan ◽  
Farah Tasneem Ahmed ◽  
Md. Abu Bakar Siddique ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Water Pollution ◽  
Water Quality ◽  
Health Risks ◽  
Toxic Elements ◽  
Tap Water ◽  
Potentially Toxic Elements ◽  
Polluted Water ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Health Vulnerability

Abstract Tap water is the sole source of water in urban cities but gradually being polluted by potentially toxic elements due to unplanned urbanization. The south Asian megacity, Dhaka (capital of Bangladesh) encounters drastic water pollution resulting mainly from anthropogenic differential factors. Consumption of such polluted water distributed to residents by pipelines can trigger health risks. Therefore, this study investigated the public health vulnerability associated with dissolved metal(oid)s in tap water collected across Dhaka city. The concentrations of Cr, Mn, Fe, Co, Ni, Cu, Zn, As, Cd, Hg and Pb in measured tap water ranged from 8-156, 7–73, 400-20100, 12–110, 7-101, 12–136, 12–908, 0.03–9.75, 1–5, 0.22–1.30, and 8-118 µg/L, respectively. Among the observed elements, Pb, Cr, and Fe concentrations in 18%, 26%, and 75% of sampling sites, respectively, exceeded the standard guideline criteria of Bangladesh. Entropy-based water quality index demonstrated that ~ 12% of sampling sites possessed water unsuitable for drinking and other household works. The dominant sources of water pollution in this region are industrial effluents and domestic sewage. Both non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic health risks are invoked mostly from ingestion of Co and Pb. Regular consumption of this tap water without further pretreatment may result in detrimental health consequences to both children and adults due to the physiological accumulation of toxic elements over time. This study highlighted a comprehensive scenario of the potentially toxic elements in the tap water of Dhaka city, which will allow policymakers to take adequate measures for sustainable water quality management.

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