Female Perceptions of the Information Technology Culture

2011 ◽  
pp. 304-309 ◽  
Author(s):  
Indira R. Guzman ◽  
Jeffrey M. Stanton ◽  
Debra Eischen
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Social Forces ◽  
Work Experiences ◽  
Specific Kind ◽  
New Members ◽  
Female Perceptions ◽  
Information Technologists ◽  
It Culture ◽  
Ways Of Thinking

In the organizational sciences literature, one of the important social forces that affect the productivity, adjustment, attitudes, and retention of employees is culture. Culture can be defined as the shared philosophies, ideologies, values, assumptions, beliefs, expectations, attitudes, and norms that people have in common with others in a community (Hall, 1959, 1976; Hofstede, 1997; Trice, 1993). Cultures originate as individuals interact with one another. Belonging to a culture involves believing what others believe and doing as they do (Trice & Beyer, 1993). The most obvious manifestations of culture are common language and common ways of thinking (Schein, 1999). These common ways of thinking are also evident within organizations as employees share basic assumptions on how to do things and solve problems in a way that is considered valid by organization members and, therefore can be taught to new members as the correct way to perceive, think, and feel in relation to those problems (Schein, 1992). Because culture within organizations is multifaceted, it includes both: the overall culture of the organization as well as subcultures shaped by the specific kind of work that people do in the organization. In contrast to organizational cultures, occupational subcultures arise from the shared educational, personal, and work experiences of individuals who pursue the same kind of work or occupation (Trice, 1993; Trice & Beyer, 1993). The purpose of this chapter is to present a comprehensive summary of previous studies relating to the concept of occupational subculture of information technologists and the perceptions and difficulties that female students illustrate during their first approaches to the IT occupation. We believe that understanding the difficulties that women face to accommodate to the IT culture can better help academic institutions and industry practitioners develop customized strategies for retention and recruitment of women in the IT field.

A Manufacturing Systems Engineering View of IT Research and Development

1987 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 114-118
Author(s):  
M.W. Dale
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Systems Engineering ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Technology Development ◽  
Human Interface ◽  
Real World Applications ◽  
Computing Skills ◽  
Information Technologists ◽  
Information Technology Development

This paper presents a manufacturing systems engineering view of important issues relating to IT research and development. It argues for an approach to the next phase of information technology development which is heavily based on real-world applications with the dominant influences held by educated users and engineers who have added computing skills, rather than information technologists. It argues for ‘consolidation’ with particular attention to total systems integration and an emphasis on the need to professionally engineer the human interface.

Linking Business and Application Architectures

2013 ◽  
pp. 209-228
Author(s):  
Suresh Kamath
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Category Theory ◽  
Information Architecture ◽  
Common Language ◽  
It Strategy ◽  
It Investments ◽  
Business Architecture ◽  
It Architecture ◽  
Application Architecture ◽  
Use Category

The development of an IT strategy and ensuring that it is the best possible one for business is a key problem many organizations face. This problem is that of linking business architecture to IT architecture in general and application architecture specifically. Without this linkage it is difficult to manage the changes needed by the business and maximize the benefits from the information technology (IT) investments. Linking the two domains requires defining the two architectures using a “common language.” While the application architecture domain has developed tools and processes to define and represent the architecture, the business architecture domain, however, lacks such processes and tools to be useful for linking of the two. The chapter addresses several questions dealing with the linking of the business and the application architectures. The author proposes to use category theory related constructs and notions to represent the business and information architecture and the linkages.

Casting a Wide Net

2020 ◽  
pp. 332-373
Author(s):  
Catherine Raeff
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Framework ◽  
Common Language ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
The World ◽  
Ways Of Thinking

The goal of this chapter is to further consider how the theoretical framework presented in the book is applicable to so much of what people do, as well as to so many complex human issues and concerns. In this chapter, a wide net is cast to consider how the theoretical framework is applicable to eating, freedom, attitudes, extreme action, and art. By thinking about these topics in terms of action, readers can see how the book’s theoretical framework provides a common language for thinking systematically about a wide range of complex issues. The chapter shows how the book’s action perspective provides ways of thinking systematically about the complexities of action as people go about their lives in all corners of the world.

scholarly journals PERANCANGAN WEBSITE APLIKASI PENJUALAN RESTORAN AYAM KEPRABON

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ignatius Adrian Mastan
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Human Activities ◽  
Human Life ◽  
New Members ◽  
Left Behind ◽  
To Come

The development of information technology has increased in all aspects of human life. All human activities today have used information technology and are getting easier, one of which is the transaction of ordering food in restaurants. Buyers do not need to come to the restaurant to make a purchase transaction, by using a smartphone they can open a website to order and buy food by online. With the increasingly sophisticated information technology, every business must be able to compete with success in the same business so as not to be left behind and displaced by others.<br />The restaurant that needs this sales application is the Ayam Keprabon Restaurant. Ayam Keprabon Restaurant has 45 outlets in several cities, namely: Jakarta, Depok, Tangerang, South Tangerang, Bekasi, and Bogor. With this Website-Based Sales Application, buyers can view restaurant profiles, food &amp; beverage menus, make orders, make payments, check order delivery status, register new members, place reservations. With this site-based sales application, it can increase sales and increase the competitiveness of Ayam Keprabon Restaurant with competitors who have implemented information technology in their business.

scholarly journals The Role of Universities, Employers, Graduates and Professional Associations in the Development of Professional Skills of New Graduates

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Srivalli Vilapakkam Nagarajan ◽  
Jenny Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Personal Responsibility ◽  
Professional Associations ◽  
University Graduates ◽  
Work Experiences ◽  
Professional Work ◽  
Professional Skills ◽  
New Graduates ◽  
University Studies

  We examine the role of universities, employers, professional associations and graduates in the development of professional skills of new university graduates, through studying the professional work experiences of recent Australian information technology graduates as a particular case to inform our wider analysis and argument. We argue that the development of professional (or work-ready) skills is a distributed responsibility, and different stakeholders have different contributions to make. Furthermore, this approach will be successful only when each player accepts its responsibilities and cooperates with the others. It is suggested that: universities take responsibility for preparing graduates to learn how to learn in uncertain situations; employers take responsibility for training graduates when they commence work; graduates take personal responsibility for developing their professional skills both within and outside university studies and professional associations take responsibility for increasing students’ exposure to the industry through scholarships, internships, research and job ready programmes. Although the findings are grounded in data collected from new IT graduates, much of the discussion is relevant for other disciplines.

Gender and Telework in Information Technology

2009 ◽  
pp. 2023-2029
Author(s):  
Paula F. Saddler ◽  
Donald D. Davis ◽  
Katherine A. Selgrade ◽  
Debra A. Major
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Knowledge Work ◽  
The United States ◽  
Work Experiences ◽  
Distributed Work ◽  
Home Based ◽  
Commuting Time ◽  
Scientific Technical ◽  
Key Terms

Information technology (IT) work is often distributed geographically through practices such as teleworking. Telework lends itself well to IT workers because they work easily with information technology, which is required for telework, and because many IT jobs consist of knowledge work—the creation and analysis of symbols and ideas—which may be done anywhere and anytime. Advances in information technology make distributed work possible. Globalization and the need for organization flexibility make distributed work necessary (Davis, 1995). Organizations distribute work to take advantage of scarce and inexpensive talent, enhance innovation and product design, and to reduce real estate costs, development time, and labor costs. Workers choose distributed work to balance work and life demands, reduce commuting time, accommodate disabilities, and take advantage of distant opportunities. Telework, a form of distributed work first described by Nilles (1975), has established itself throughout the United States. We discuss telework trends and provide some data describing teleworkers in IT professions in the United States. Four forms of telework are commonly used (see Key Terms; Bailey & Kurland, 2002; Kurland & Bailey, 1999). Most teleworkers use a combination of these forms, although home-based telework is most prevalent (Davis & Polonko, 2001). Each form of telework is practiced for different reasons and produces different work experiences and outcomes (Bailey & Kurland, 2002; Davis & Polonko, 2003; Helling, 2000). A national survey of telework practices in the United States was conducted in 2001 under sponsorship of the International Telework Association and Council (ITAC) and AT&T (Davis & Polonko, 2001). The sample was stratified to represent all U.S. households and was diverse with respect to gender, ethnicity, occupation, organization size, and industry. Results showed that there are approximately twenty-eight million teleworkers in the U.S. Compared to nonteleworkers, teleworkers are significantly more likely to be from the Northeast and West, male (54% of teleworkers), have higher education and income, work in professional/managerial occupations, work in industries such as construction, professional/ scientific/technical services, health care/social assistance, and work in very small and very large organizations. There were no significant differences in telework practice for marital status, race/ethnicity, and age.

Coalitional Politics on the US-Mexico Border

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Karma R. Chávez
Keyword(s):  
Local State ◽  
Divide And Conquer ◽  
Specific Kind ◽  
Derechos Humanos ◽  
The Us ◽  
Mexico Border ◽  
Ways Of Thinking ◽  
The Many ◽  
Coalitional Politics ◽  
Insight Into

This chapter offers an extended look at two Tucson-based organizations, Wingspan and Coalición de Derechos Humanos (CDH), both of which have an avowed coalition to jointly fight oppression. The groups have constructed a coalition that refuses the master's tool of divide and conquer by actively taking up the many forms of difference in the service of coalition. Sometimes venturing into both normative and utopian realms with their tactical strategies, the activism of Wingspan and CDH starkly reveals the fraught nature of coalition. This coalition provides insight into the specific kind of strategies that local groups can utilize to foster unlikely political coalitions and educate communities in order to shift local, state, and national ways of thinking, even as these strategies are imperfect and sometimes fail.

scholarly journals Pola Komunikasi Dakwah Wahdah Islamiyah di Kabupaten Sinjai, Sulawesi Selatan

SMART ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-95
Author(s):  
Suriati Suriati
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Information Technology ◽  
Communication Patterns ◽  
Religious Organization ◽  
Data Display ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
New Members ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
The People ◽  
Sociological Approaches

The development of information technology has influenced patterns of social interaction. This should be responded by the da'wah institutions in carrying out their proselytizing (da'wah) activities. The practice of da'wah has so far been running but it is often less optimal in applying communication patterns due to unclear control groups and the difficulties in evaluating movements. As a religious organization, Wahdah Islamiyah organization in Sinjai, South Sulawesi is very active in doing proselytizing activities to the people. This study aimed at uncovering the communication patterns adopted by Wahdah Islamiyah in delivering its da'wah messages in Sinjai and how it is developed and accepted by people living in remote villages. This is a qualitative research, using the methods of da’wah communication and sociological approaches. Data were collected by conducting observation, interview, and documentation and analyzed through the process of of data reduction, data display and drawing conclusions. The results of the study found that the communication patterns applied by Wahdah Islamiyah in Sinjai consists of control groups communication in which the organization controls the Muslim preachers (da’i) and da’wah materials; tarbiyah communication by using a tiered curriculum system in learning; cadre pattern through guidance to cadres; and network communication, namely recruiting new members

scholarly journals Is the graduate attributes approach sufficient to develop work ready graduates?

2014 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-28 ◽  
Author(s):  
Srivalli Vilapakkam Nagarajan ◽  
Jenny Edwards
Keyword(s):  
Information Technology ◽  
Time Management ◽  
Soft Skills ◽  
Work Experiences ◽  
Professional Skills ◽  
Generic Skills ◽  
Business Skills ◽  
Graduate Attributes ◽  
Professional Needs ◽  
Communication Time

Many universities have graduate attributes often referred to as generic skills, soft skills or work ready skills. Our study of the professional work experiences of recent Australian Information Technology (IT) graduates found that communication, time management, teamwork, working with people, working across cultures, project management and business skills are some of the major categories of professional skills IT graduates believe are required for their work. This paper describes the study details and findings which raise questions about the adequacy of the graduate attributes approach in the development of professional skills such as the ability of graduates to work across cultures and on multiple projects which are major requirements in many IT (and other) workplaces. IT graduates’ gave views on the challenges they face at work, the typical professional skills requirements of their practice and how they acquired or developed them, the elements of their university study that are relevant to their work professional skills requirements and how well their studies prepared them to meet the professional needs of their practice.

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