Music Libraries

2011 ◽  
pp. 111-130 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dimitrios Margounakis ◽  
Dionysios Politis
Keyword(s):  
Popular Music ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Great Increase ◽  
Digital Music ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Legal Services ◽  
Internet Radio ◽  
Special Version ◽  
The World ◽  
Music Distribution

Nowadays, there is a great increase in music distribution over the Internet. This phenomenon is common in many countries and therefore involves many issues such as: ways of distribution, music format, organizing music and copyright issues. The revolution in music prototypes (especially the MP3 music format) urged many people to turn to the Internet for free and easy-to-find music. Music files can be downloaded easily from the Internet anywhere in the world and be burned into a CD or DVD or transferred to a friend via usb-sticks. Music is also widely available as streams in Internet trough various services such as MySpace, YouTube and Spotify. Internet also is full of questions what is legal and what is not, because exchange of files is hard to supervise and the laws between countries also differ. All the legal services are constructed around a digital music library, containing millions of songs. Vast music libraries are easily accessed through Internet from users and serve as the ultimate way to find and listen to the music they desire. In this chapter, some representative popular music libraries are presented. Moreover, the interaction between the user and a music repository or a music store (a web site that sells music over the Internet) is another subject presented in this chapter. In section 1, terms and definitions related to digital music libraries are explained. Section 2 presents some popular music libraries, while section 3 presents some popular Internet music stores. Finally, a special version of a digital music library in streaming format (Internet Radio) is presented in section 4.

scholarly journals Cultural Divergence in popular music: the increasing diversity of music consumption on Spotify across countries

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Bello ◽  
David Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Popular Music ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Global Perspective ◽  
Digital Music ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Music Consumption ◽  
Cultural Markets ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Music Distribution

AbstractThe digitization of music has changed how we consume, produce, and distribute music. In this paper, we explore the effects of digitization and streaming on the globalization of popular music. While some argue that digitization has led to more diverse cultural markets, others consider that the increasing accessibility to international music would result in a globalized market where a few artists garner all the attention. We tackle this debate by looking at how cross-country diversity in music charts has evolved over 4 years in 39 countries. We analyze two large-scale datasets from Spotify, the most popular streaming platform at the moment, and iTunes, one of the pioneers in digital music distribution. Our analysis reveals an upward trend in music consumption diversity that started in 2017 and spans across platforms. There are now significantly more songs, artists, and record labels populating the top charts than just a few years ago, making national charts more diverse from a global perspective. Furthermore, this process started at the peaks of countries’ charts, where diversity increased at a faster pace than at their bases. We characterize these changes as a process of Cultural Divergence, in which countries are increasingly distinct in terms of the music populating their music charts.

Electronic Egypt: the shape of archaeological knowledge on the Net

Antiquity ◽  
1997 ◽  
Vol 71 (274) ◽  
pp. 1073-1076 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn Meskell
Keyword(s):  
Web Site ◽  
Electronic Media ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Web Pages ◽  
The World ◽  
History Of ◽  
Archaeological Knowledge

Unlike many regional archaeologies the study of Egypt has always had widespread appeal, from archaeologists to Afrocentrists, orientalists to occultists. According to one web-site, ‘Egypt dominates the history of the world.’ This ever-popular fascination has spilled over into the electronic media since the inception of the Internet. Thus, Egypt proves to be a telling casestudyin net politics and potentialities. Simply typing the word ‘Egypt’ into a Web searcher elicits over 1 million sites, and the content of that material runs the gamut from scholarly resources closely matching those known in print to fringe sites and sci-fi web pages. This makes electronic Egypt an intellectual and ethical minefield for the uninitiated, especially as there proves often little to differentiate between this panoply of sites in terms of presentation and professionality. It palpably illustrates the homogenization of knowledge on the net and prompts us to consider the construction of archaeology and archaeological knowledges.

scholarly journals Cultural Divergence in popular music: the increasing diversity of music consumption on Spotify across countries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pablo Bello ◽  
David Garcia
Keyword(s):  
Popular Music ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Digital Music ◽  
Upward Trend ◽  
Music Consumption ◽  
Cultural Markets ◽  
Cross Country ◽  
The Moment ◽  
Music Distribution

The digitization of music has changed how we consume, produce, and distribute music. In this paper, we explore the effects of digitization and streaming on the globalization of popular music. While some argue that digitization has led to more diverse cultural markets, others consider that the increasing accessibility to international music would result in a globalized market where a few artists garner all the attention. We tackle this debate by looking at how cross-country diversity in music charts has evolved over 7 years in 51 countries. We analyze two large-scale datasets from Spotify, the most popular streaming platform at the moment, and Itunes, one of the pioneers in digital music distribution. Our analysis reveals an upward trend in music consumption diversity that started in 2017 and spans across platforms. There are now significantly more songs, artists, and record labels populating the top charts than just a few years ago, making national charts increasingly different from one another. Furthermore, this process started at the peaks of countries' charts, where diversity increased at a faster pace than at their bases.

scholarly journals Commercial Use of the Internet: Some Pros and Cons

2011 ◽  
Vol 16 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary Saunders
Keyword(s):  
Web Site ◽  
Electronic Mail ◽  
Local Network ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Internet Users ◽  
The World ◽  
Use Of The Internet ◽  
The Many ◽  
Year 2000 ◽  
A Company

<p class="MsoNormal" style="margin: 0in 0.5in 0pt;"><span style="font-family: &quot;Times New Roman&quot;,&quot;serif&quot;; font-size: 10pt;">The U.S. Department of Defense originally designed the Internet to increase the productivity of government workers and it has now become an enormous opportunity for businesses to advertise, correspond with clients, order from suppliers, and conduct many other business functions at minimal cost.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>The Internet has achieved faster acceptance by Americans than any other previous technologies and businesses are already discovering that the Web is having a profound impact on how they conduct business.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Conservative estimates are for Internet retail sales to reach $7 billion by the year 2000, and some respected analysts predict it to grow to $100 billion over the next five to eight years.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>As with any new initiative, there are costs, benefits, and risks associated with the undertaking.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Anyone who wishes to maintain a Web site on the Internet can do so at a modest cost, or in some cases at no cost.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>One of the many benefits to be gained from placing a company on the Internet such as gaining access to the World Wide Web (WWW).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>The WWW gives anyone who is connected the ability to communicate with distant computers all over the world and provides the benefit of being able to send and receive electronic mail (E-mail).<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp;&nbsp; </span>While there are a number of different risks incurred when a company establishes a Web site and goes on the Internet the biggest concern, by far, is security.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>When a company installs a Web server at their site, they open a window into their local network that the entire Internet can peer through.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>These substantial risks notwithstanding, the Internet provides an opportunity that business cannot afford to pass up.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>The number of companies that have already taken advantage of the Internet and the rapid increase in the number of Internet users has fueled a phenomenal growth in electronic commerce.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>The Internet provides an excellent opportunity to increase sales at a lower marginal cost than was possible before.<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>Companies that pass up this tremendous opportunity will probably<span style="mso-spacerun: yes;">&nbsp; </span>not survive in the 21<sup>st</sup> century competitive climate.</span></p>

Przedsiębiorczość w sieci

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 ◽  
pp. 249-259
Author(s):  
Katarzyna Świerczewska-Pietras
Keyword(s):  
Web Site ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Advanced Technology ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The World ◽  
Digital Equipment Corp ◽  
History Of ◽  
Set Up ◽  
Safety Features

Entrepreneurship on the net makes the expansion possible in fields where in the real world very often it would be unworkable because of many obstacles and limiting factors like costs - which are quite simply to overcome on the net.  It is easy to set up a web site available to millions of people in the world who type the web site address or find what they are looking for in Google or via another search engine.  The Internet market is open to all ideas and hence we should take advantage thereof. The number of internet shops has increased by 100% against the numbers from last year. The number of buyers has increased as well. Thanks to the World Wide Web, e-mails and communicators, entrepreneurs have a chance to communicate with clients on a global scale. It was merely not so long ago in 1977, when Ken Olson, the president and founder of the Digital Equipment Corp. Company stated, “there is no reason as to why anyone should want to have a computer at home”. Today, most businesses, including most of us cannot imagine a life without a computer or the Internet that in the age of advanced technology has become a common work tool.  The work above presents the history of the Internet and the most important elements which have influenced its development and without which the virtual world would not have existed.  The thesis will present an in-depth look at the Internet’s range and capacity, possibilities it creates, and also challenges the safety features Internet consumers face. Additionally it will provide explanations of the most important definitions used in the world of e-business.

The realities of Free/Libre/Open Source Software developers in Japan and Asia

First Monday ◽  
2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiroyuki Shimizu ◽  
Jun Iio ◽  
Kazuo Hiyane
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Open Source Software ◽  
Web Site ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The West ◽  
Software Developers ◽  
The World ◽  
Asian Languages

A variety of individuals around the world are furthering development of Free/Libre/Open Source Software (FLOSS) through the Internet. Why do they participate in developers’ communities and continue to develop FLOSS? Is their treatment enough to sustain their activities? Surveys, using online questionnaires, were conducted to answer these questions to analyze the FLOSS movement sociologically. However these surveys tend to focus on developers in the West. We decided to see if there are regional differences in FLOSS development. To that end, we conducted two surveys, the FLOSS–JP survey in Japanese and the FLOSS–ASIA survey in other Asian languages. In this paper, we describe regional differences, especially among Asian and Japanese FLOSS developers and compare the results to those from Western FLOSS surveys. Detailed reports of FLOSS–JP/ASIA are available at our Web site (MRI, 2004)

A LICENSE MANAGEMENT MODEL FOR PEER-TO-PEER MUSIC SHARING

2002 ◽  
Vol 01 (03) ◽  
pp. 541-558 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. H. KWOK ◽  
S. M. LUI
Keyword(s):  
Digital Rights Management ◽  
Peer To Peer ◽  
Management Model ◽  
Digital Music ◽  
Distribution Model ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Distribution Models ◽  
P2p File Sharing ◽  
License Management ◽  
Music Distribution

The popularity of peer-to-peer (P2P) file sharing software has created a pressing need for digital music providers to resolve copyright and piracy problems of disseminating digital music through the Internet. Digital Rights Management (DRM) technology ensures protection of rights for distributed music over the Internet. Existing DRM systems emphasize protection based on business-to-consumer (B2C) distribution model, but do not tackle protection on a consumer-to-consumer (C2C) distribution model. This paper proposes a license management model to support not only typical music distribution models from music distributor to consumer (B2C), but also peer consumer to peer consumer (C2C) distribution model. The proposed license management model consists of two types of licenses, namely official licenses and peer licenses. These licenses are to be implemented in XrML. The concepts of these licenses facilitate both B2C and C2C distribution models. Functionality tests of the proposed model with certain common peer-to-peer sharing activities have been conducted.

Dialogue Act Modeling

2009 ◽  
pp. 2389-2412
Author(s):  
Ying Liang
Keyword(s):  
Information Systems ◽  
World Wide Web ◽  
Web Site ◽  
World Wide ◽  
The Internet ◽  
User Needs ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Computer Screen ◽  
The World ◽  
The Web

Web-based information systems (WBIS) aim to support e-business using IT, the World Wide Web, and the Internet. This chapter focuses on the Web site part of WBIS and argues why an easy-to-use and interactive Web site is critical to the success of WBIS. A dialogue act modeling approach is presented for capturing and specifying user needs for easy-to-use Web site of WBIS by WBIS analysis; for example, what users want to see on the computer screen and in which way they want to work with the system interactively. It calls such needs communicational requirements, in addition to functional and nonfunctional requirements, and builds a dialogue act model to specify them. The author hopes that development of the Web site of WBIS will be considered not only an issue in WBIS design but also an issue in WBIS analysis in WBIS development.

Evaluating Online Resources

2011 ◽  
pp. 292-296
Author(s):  
Elaine Studnicki
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Web Site ◽  
The United States ◽  
Internet Usage ◽  
Online Resources ◽  
Educational Institutions ◽  
The Internet ◽  
The World ◽  
The Web

In a matter of seconds, a person using the Web will make a decision. Do I stay on this Web site or click to another? There are many reasons for this reaction. For many the decisions are unconscious behavior and for others it is a matter of speed. Still others focus on content. Regardless, the ability to get users to a Web site and keep them there has become big business for both business and educational institutions. According to Internet Usage Statistics (2007), the Internet World Stats Web site, over 1 billion people use the Internet worldwide. The MIT home page is accessed about 2000 time a day from around the world. And use is on the rise. In 2009 the completion of an 18,000 km oceanic cable drop linking South Korea, China, and Taiwan with the United States Internet sends a clear signal that usage and dependency will only increase in the future and spread around the world. This creates an imperative that users are keenly aware of where they surf, what information they share, and, most importantly, if they can believe what they read and see.

scholarly journals All the Memory in the World, All the Music in the World: Mediating Musical Patrimony in the Digital Age

2014 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elodie Amandine Roy
Keyword(s):  
Digital Music ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Cultural Meaning ◽  
Digital Archives ◽  
The Past ◽  
The World ◽  
The Uk ◽  
A Site ◽  
Ambiguous Site

In this article, I will examine the internet through the lens of consumption and waste studies. The internet will be conceived of as the place where the cultural waste of music – in the form of marginal artefacts and obsolete media (such as vinyl records, tapes, and ephemera) – can effectively be excavated, recirculated and re-mediated by means of systematic digitisation and uploading. The redemptive role of popular and spontaneous digital archives (such as the video platform YouTube or dedicated audio blogs) will be critically examined. Complementarily, I will underline the idea that the internet also encourages a paradoxical return of tangible artefacts, as the work of digital music collectors may prompt the actual reissue of previously lost music objects (a tendency that is exemplified in the UK by the work of British contemporary reissue record labels such as Trunk Records or Finders Keepers). The internet will be discussed as an ambiguous site of redemption, forming the basis for a nostalgic retro-consumption of music. As such, it will be conceived of as a site of memory and as a possible archive, though the ambiguity of such a term will be discussed. I will reflect upon the cultural meaning of digital archives that, as they are ceaselessly renewed, continue to erase themselves. Lastly, I will suggest that the forms of redemption that are enabled by the internet are strictly inseparable from the production of further layers of cultural waste. Departing from Straw's assertion that the internet ‘has strengthened the cultural weight of the past, increasing its intelligibility and accessibility’ (2007, 4), I will point out that the internet may accelerate the processes of cultural obsolescence and oblivion that it seeks to suspend.

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