Neonatal Monitoring

2010 ◽  
pp. 939-961 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wei Chen ◽  
Sidarto Bambang Oetomo ◽  
Loe Feijs
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Social Study ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Wireless Power Supply ◽  
Neonatal Monitoring

This chapter focuses on monitoring vital health parameters for a particular group of patients - critically ill newborn infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICU) at hospitals. These neonates are extremely tiny and vulnerable. Thus, health monitoring for the neonates provides crucial parameters for urgent diagnoses and corresponding medical procedures, subsequently increasing the survival rates. Neonatal monitoring is a multidisciplinary area which involves a unique integration of knowledge from medical science, design, technology and social study. In this chapter, the authors introduce current status and new developments in neonatal monitoring. They present some ongoing research examples of non-invasive neonatal monitoring designed and developed at the department of Industrial Design and the department of Electrical Engineering, Eindhoven University of Technology (TU/e) in collaboration with the department of neonatology, Máxima Medical Center (MMC), Veldhoven, in the Netherlands, including the first prototype smart jacket, a wireless power supply and video signal processing for neonatal monitoring. Challenges and social impacts of non-invasive neonatal monitoring will be discussed.

Neonatal Monitoring

2012 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sidarto Bambang Oetomo ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Loe Feijs
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Social Study ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Units ◽  
Procedural Pain ◽  
Sensory Stimuli ◽  
Monitoring Technologies ◽  
Neonatal Monitoring

This chapter describes the current practice of monitoring vital health parameters in critically ill newborn infants in neonatal intensive care units (NICU). These infants are extremely tiny and vulnerable, so that special requirements are needed. After the first decades following the start of modern neonatology the focus shifted from management to keep the baby alive to strategies to improve the quality of life. In this respect monitoring of brain function became important. In addition there is gradually growing awareness that procedural pain, discomfort and excessive sensory stimuli are detrimental for the developing preterm infants. Therefore, the authors describe non-obtrusive monitoring technologies that meet their specific demands. The authors describe how neonatal monitoring has become a multidisciplinary area which involves a unique integration of knowledge from medical science, design, technology and social study

TeleNICU: Extending the reach of level IV care and optimizing the triage of patient transfers

2021 ◽  
pp. 1357633X2110381
Author(s):  
Jawahar Jagarapu ◽  
Vishal Kapadia ◽  
Imran Mir ◽  
Venkat Kakkilaya ◽  
Kristin Carlton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Rural Communities ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Cost Savings ◽  
Neonatal Care ◽  
Transport Cost ◽  
Medical Diagnoses

Background The use of telemedicine to provide care for critically ill newborn infants has significantly evolved over the last two decades. Children's Health System of Texas and University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center established TeleNICU, the first teleneonatology program in Texas. Objective To evaluate the effectiveness of Tele Neonatal Intensive Care Unit (TeleNICU) in extending quaternary neonatal care to more rural areas of Texas. Materials and methods We conducted a retrospective review of TeleNICU consultations from September 2013 to October 2018. Charts were reviewed for demographic data, reasons for consultation, and consultation outcomes. Diagnoses were classified as medical, surgical, or combined. Consultation outcomes were categorized into transferred or retained. Transport cost savings were estimated based on the distance from the hub site and the costs for ground transportation. Results TeleNICU had one hub (Level IV) and nine spokes (Levels I–III) during the study period. A total of 132 direct consultations were completed during the study period. Most consultations were conducted with Level III units (81%) followed by level I (13%) and level II (6%) units. Some common diagnoses included prematurity (57%), respiratory distress (36%), congenital anomalies (25%), and neonatal surgical emergencies (13%). For all encounters, 54% of the patients were retained at the spoke sites, resulting in an estimated cost savings of USD0.9 million in transport costs alone. The likelihood of retention at spoke sites was significantly higher for medical diagnoses compared to surgical diagnoses (89% vs. 11%). Conclusion Telemedicine effectively expands access to quaternary neonatal care for more rural communities, helps in the triage of neonatal transfers, promotes family centered care, and significantly reduces health care costs.

The Comparison of Hemoglobin Values Measured by Blood and Continuous Non-Invasive Monitoring (SpHb) in Newborn Infants

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Halil Kazanasmaz ◽  
Mahmut Demir
Keyword(s):  
Neonatal Intensive Care ◽  
Venous Blood ◽  
Newborn Infants ◽  
Blood Sampling ◽  
Neonatal Intensive Care Units ◽  
P Value ◽  
Invasive Monitoring ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Venous Blood Sampling

Abstract Objective Hemoglobin (Hb) measurement is one of the most commonly used laboratory tests in medical practice. Unnecessary blood sampling, especially in neonatal intensive care units (NICUs), contributes to iatrogenic anemia. Continuous non-invasive monitoring of total Hb (SpHb) was compared with invasive venous blood samples (tHb) in NICU patients. Methods Three hundred and ten patients were identified in NICU. Non-invasive Hb measurement was performed immediately before venous blood sampling and comparison of invasive with non-invasive values was undertaken. Results There was a strongly positive correlation between SpHb and tHb (r = 0.965, p < 0.001). Bland–Altman analysis was performed in 95% limits of agreement for Hb values measured by both methods. The mean bias between tHb and SpHb measurements was 0.05 g/dl (−1.85 to 1.96). In Passing–Bablok regression analysis, the CUSUM test p value was found to be 0.98 for Hb levels measured by SpHb and tHb; and the difference between the methods was not significant. Conclusion In newborns, SpHb method offers reliable Hb values, which are comparable with the more traditional tHb method. Continuous non-invasive monitoring of total Hb may help prevent unnecessary blood sampling and iatrogenic anemia. Further clinical studies are required for the effectiveness of the method in critically ill patients with circulatory disorders.

The Value of Neuroimaging Techniques in the Translation and Transdiagnostic Validation of Psychiatric Diagnoses - Selective Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (7) ◽  
pp. 540-553 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Todeva-Radneva ◽  
Rositsa Paunova ◽  
Sevdalina Kandilarova ◽  
Drozdstoy St. Stoyanov
Keyword(s):  
Psychiatric Disorders ◽  
Psychiatric Symptoms ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Self Report ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Diagnostic Tools ◽  
Main Concept ◽  
Directional Change ◽  
The Mind ◽  
Neuroimaging Techniques

: Psychiatric diagnosis has long been perceived as more of an art than a science since its foundations lie within the observation, and the self-report of the patients themselves and objective diagnostic biomarkers are lacking. Furthermore, the diagnostic tools in use not only stray away from the conventional medical framework but also remain invalidated with evidence-based concepts. However, neuroscience, as a source of valid objective knowledge has initiated the process of a paradigm shift underlined by the main concept of psychiatric disorders being “brain disorders”. It is also a bridge closing the explanatory gap among the different fields of medicine via the translation of the knowledge within a multidisciplinary framework. : The contemporary neuroimaging methods, such as fMRI provide researchers with an entirely new set of tools to reform the current status quo by creating an opportunity to define and validate objective biomarkers that can be translated into clinical practice. Combining multiple neuroimaging techniques with the knowledge of the role of genetic factors, neurochemical imbalance and neuroinflammatory processes in the etiopathophysiology of psychiatric disorders is a step towards a comprehensive biological explanation of psychiatric disorders and a final differentiation of psychiatry as a well-founded medical science. : In addition, the neuroscientific knowledge gained thus far suggests a necessity for directional change to exploring multidisciplinary concepts, such as multiple causality and dimensionality of psychiatric symptoms and disorders. A concomitant viewpoint transition of the notion of validity in psychiatry with a focus on an integrative validatory approach may facilitate the building of a collaborative bridge above the wall existing between the scientific fields analyzing the mind and those studying the brain.

scholarly journals SAT0316 ANTI-PM/SCL ANTIBODIES IN SYSTEMIC SCLEROSIS: CLINICAL ASSOCIATIONS IN THE RESCLE COHORT

2020 ◽  
Vol 79 (Suppl 1) ◽  
pp. 1103.1-1104
Author(s):  
N. Iniesta-Arandia ◽  
G. Espinosa ◽  
A. Guillen del Castillo ◽  
C. Tolosa ◽  
G. M. Lledó ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Systemic Sclerosis ◽  
Survival Data ◽  
Death Rate ◽  
Administrative Support ◽  
Medical Science ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Study Group ◽  
Allergy Immunol ◽  
Science Service

Background:Anti-PM/Scl antibodies are associated to systemic sclerosis (SSc) but are not specific to SSc. The true prevalence of anti-PM/Scl antibodies in SSc is unknown, ranging from 2.5% to 12.5%. An association between anti-PM/Scl antibodies with muscular involvement, pulmonary fibrosis, calcinosis, and a relatively benign prognosis have been described.Objectives:To compare the clinical manifestations and prognosis of SSc patients according the presence of anti-PM/Scl antibodies in the cohort of RESCLE (Spanish Scleroderma Registry).Methods:From the Spanish Scleroderma Study Group database, we selected patients in whom anti-PM/Scl antibodies had been tested. We compared demographic features, clinical manifestations, laboratory characteristics, and survival data between patients according the anti-PM/Scl antibodies status.Results:72 out of 947 (7%) patients tested positive for anti-PM/Scl antibodies. As presenting SSc manifestations, patients with anti-PM/Scl antibodies had higher prevalence of puffy fingers (11% versus 2%; p=0.002) and arthralgias (11% versus 4%; p=0.03), and lower prevalence of Raynaud’s phenomenon (65% versus 82%, p=0.002). Regarding cumulative manifestations, myositis (51% versus 15%; p<0.001), arthritis (43% versus 22%; p=0.001), and interstitial lung disease (ILD) (60% versus 45%, p=0.014) were more prevalent in patients with anti-PM/Scl antibodies. In fact, those patients with anti-Pm/Scl antibodies presented with FVC (77.4% ± 23.1% versus 85.8% ± 23,1%; p=0.006) and more severe ILD defined as FVC <70% (41% versus 24%; p=0.004). Death rate was similar in patients with and without PM/Scl antibodies (18% versus 17%; p=0.871).We did not find differences in terms of death rate nor in the causes of death (SSc and non-SSc related) according to the anti-PM/Scl antibodies profile.The 5- and 10-years survival rates of patients with anti-PM/Scl antibodies were 91% and 82% respectively, without differences with those without these antibodies (93% and 85%, respectively).Conclusion:In Spanish SSc patients, the presence of anti-PM/Scl antibodies confer a distinctive clinical profile. However, anti-PM/Scl antibodies do not play a role in the prognosis of these patients.References:[1]Stochmal A, Czuwara J, Trojanowska M, Rudnicka L. Antinuclear antibodies in systemic sclerosis: an update. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2020;58(1):40-51. doi: 10.1007/s12016-018-8718-8.Acknowledgments:We gratefully acknowledge all investigators who are part of the RESCLE Registry. We also thank the RESCLE Registry Coordinating Centre, S&H Medical Science Service, for their quality control data, logistic and administrative support and Prof. Salvador Ortiz, Universidad Autónoma de Madrid and Statistical Advisor S&H Medical Science Service for the statistical analysis of the data presented in this paper.Disclosure of InterestsNerea Iniesta-Arandia: None declared, Gerard Espinosa Speakers bureau: Glaxo-Smith-Kline, Janssen, Boehringer, Rovi, Alfredo Guillen del Castillo: None declared, Carles Tolosa Consultant of: Actelion pharmaceuticals, GSK, MSD., Gema Maria Lledó: None declared, Dolores Colunga Argüelles Consultant of: Actelion pharmaceuticals, GSK, MSD., Cristina González-Echávarri: None declared, Luis Sáez-Comet: None declared, Norberto Ortego: None declared, Jose Antonio Vargas-Hitos: None declared, Manuel Rubio-Rivas: None declared, Mayka Freire: None declared, Juan José Rios: None declared, Monica Rodriguez-Carballeira: None declared, Luis Trapiella Martínez: None declared, Vicent Fonollosa Pla Speakers bureau: Actelion, Carmen Pilar Simeón-Aznar Consultant of: Actelion pharmaceuticals, GSK, MSD., on behalf of RESCLE Investigators, Autoimmune Diseases Study Group (GEAS): None declared

scholarly journals LINC-42. EPIDEMIOLOGICAL OVERVIEW OF CHILDHOOD CNS TUMORS IN THE NEUROSURGICAL UNIT IN YEREVAN, ARMENIA

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (Supplement_3) ◽  
pp. iii386-iii386
Author(s):  
Nune Karapetyan ◽  
Samvel Danielyan ◽  
Gevorg Tamamyan ◽  
Armen Tananyan ◽  
Liana Safaryan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Medical Center ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Cns Tumors ◽  
Malignant Neoplasms ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Embryonal Tumors ◽  
Low Grade Gliomas ◽  
Neurosurgical Treatment

Abstract BACKGROUND Central nervous system (CNS) tumors are the second most common malignant neoplasms among children worldwide. The current paper aims to analyze the situation in pediatric neuro-oncology in Armenia from the neurosurgical perspective. METHODS We have collected data of pediatric patients with CNS tumors treated in the Neurosurgery department of “Surb Astvasamayr” Medical Center from 01.01.2010 till 01.12.2019. Incidence by gender, age at diagnosis, and histopathology results were calculated. Survival rates were calculated based on the follow-up results performed until 30.12.2019. RESULTS Hospital-based data showed that during the previous 10 years 47 patients with CNS tumors received neurosurgical treatment in the unit, among them 66% were females. 38.3%, 31.9% and 29.8% of diagnosed patients were aged 0–4, 5–9, and 10–18 respectively. In 41 cases, the disease was not disseminated at diagnosis. The most common observed malignancies were low-grade gliomas (21.3%) and embryonal tumors (19.1%), followed by high-grade gliomas (14.9%) and ependymal tumors (8.5%). Follow-up information only for 33 patients is available. From them, 14 are dead and 19 alive. Survival rates in most common groups were 62.5%, 80%, 50%, and 50% respectively. The median follow-up time was 18 months (range 1–113 months). CONCLUSION Similar to the data reported in the literature, low-grade gliomas, and embryonal tumors are the most frequent pediatric CNS tumors in Armenia. On the other hand, the pediatric CNS tumor survival rates are lower compared to those reported in developed countries.

scholarly journals Current status of ctDNA in precision oncology for hepatocellular carcinoma

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Li ◽  
Yuanyuan Zheng ◽  
Liwei Wu ◽  
Jingjing Li ◽  
Jie Ji ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Cancer Progression ◽  
Diagnostic Technique ◽  
Response Assessment ◽  
Selection Response ◽  
Circulating Tumor Dna ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Precision Oncology ◽  
Tumor Biopsy ◽  
Non Invasive

AbstractThe conventional method used to obtain a tumor biopsy for hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is invasive and does not evaluate dynamic cancer progression or assess tumor heterogeneity. It is thus imperative to create a novel non-invasive diagnostic technique for improvement in cancer screening, diagnosis, treatment selection, response assessment, and predicting prognosis for HCC. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) is a non-invasive liquid biopsy method that reveals cancer-specific genetic and epigenetic aberrations. Owing to the development of technology in next-generation sequencing and PCR-based assays, the detection and quantification of ctDNA have greatly improved. In this publication, we provide an overview of current technologies used to detect ctDNA, the ctDNA markers utilized, and recent advances regarding the multiple clinical applications in the field of precision medicine for HCC.

Mismatches Between the Number of Installed Automated External Defibrillators and the Annual Rate of Automated External Defibrillator Use Among Places

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Je Hyeok Oh ◽  
Gyu Chong Cho ◽  
Seung Mok Ryoo ◽  
So Hyun Han ◽  
Seon Hee Woo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
South Korea ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Annual Rate ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Automated External Defibrillator ◽  
Automated External Defibrillators ◽  
The Law ◽  
National Emergency ◽  
Apartment Complexes ◽  
External Defibrillator

Abstract Aim: In South Korea, the law concerning automated external defibrillators (AEDs) states that they should be installed in specific places including apartment complexes. This study was conducted to investigate the current status and effectiveness of installation and usage of AEDs in South Korea. Methods: Installation and usage of AEDs in South Korea is registered in the National Emergency Medical Center (NEMC) database. Compared were the installed number, usage, and annual rate of AED use according to places of installation. All data were obtained from the NEMC database. Results: After excluding AEDs installed in ambulances or fire engines (n = 2,003), 36,498 AEDs were registered in South Korea from 1998 through 2018. A higher number of AEDs were installed in places required by the law compared with those not required by the law (20,678 [56.7%] vs. 15,820 [43.3%]; P <.001). Among them, 11,318 (31.0%) AEDs were installed in apartment complexes. The overall annual rate of AED use was 0.38% (95% CI, 0.33-0.44). The annual rate of AED use was significantly higher in places not required by the law (0.62% [95% CI, 0.52-0.72] versus 0.21% [95% CI, 0.16-0.25]; P <.001). The annual rate of AED use in apartment complexes was 0.13% (95% CI, 0.08-0.17). Conclusion: There were significant mismatches between the number of installed AEDs and the annual rate of AED use among places. To optimize the benefit of AEDs in South Korea, changes in the policy for selecting AED placement are needed.

scholarly journals Identification of Tumor-Specific MRI Biomarkers Using Machine Learning (ML)

Diagnostics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 742
Author(s):  
Rima Hajjo ◽  
Dima A. Sabbah ◽  
Sanaa K. Bardaweel ◽  
Alexander Tropsha
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
High Specificity ◽  
Cancer Biomarkers ◽  
Cancer Prognosis ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Imaging Data ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Machine Learning Methods ◽  
Cancer Types ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri

The identification of reliable and non-invasive oncology biomarkers remains a main priority in healthcare. There are only a few biomarkers that have been approved as diagnostic for cancer. The most frequently used cancer biomarkers are derived from either biological materials or imaging data. Most cancer biomarkers suffer from a lack of high specificity. However, the latest advancements in machine learning (ML) and artificial intelligence (AI) have enabled the identification of highly predictive, disease-specific biomarkers. Such biomarkers can be used to diagnose cancer patients, to predict cancer prognosis, or even to predict treatment efficacy. Herein, we provide a summary of the current status of developing and applying Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) biomarkers in cancer care. We focus on all aspects of MRI biomarkers, starting from MRI data collection, preprocessing and machine learning methods, and ending with summarizing the types of existing biomarkers and their clinical applications in different cancer types.

scholarly journals Prognostic and Clinicopathological Significance of MiR-155 in Breast Cancer: A Systematic Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (16) ◽  
pp. 5834
Author(s):  
Anna Maria Grimaldi ◽  
Silvia Nuzzo ◽  
Gerolama Condorelli ◽  
Marco Salvatore ◽  
Mariarosaria Incoronato
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Prognostic Biomarker ◽  
Survival Rates ◽  
Prognostic Significance ◽  
Unmet Need ◽  
Non Invasive ◽  
Clinicopathological Significance ◽  
Present Systematic Review

There is an unmet need for novel non-invasive prognostic molecular tumour markers for breast cancer (BC). Accumulating evidence shows that miR-155 plays a pivotal role in tumorigenesis. Generally, miR-155 is considered an oncogenic miRNA promoting tumour growth, angiogenesis and aggressiveness of BC. Therefore, many researchers have focused on its use as a prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target. However, its prognostic value for BC patients remains controversial. To address this issue, the present systematic review aims to summarize the available evidence and give a picture of a prognostic significance of miR-155 in BC pathology. All eligible studies were searched on PubMed and EMBASE databases through various search strategies. Starting from 289 potential eligible records, data were examined from 28 studies, comparing tissue and circulating miR-155 expression levels with clinicopathological features and survival rates in BC patients. We discuss the pitfalls and challenges that need to be assessed to understand the power of miR-155 to respond to real clinical needs, highlighting the consistency, robustness or lack of results obtained to sate in translating this molecule to clinical practice. Our paper suggests that the prognostic role of miR-155 in the management of BC needs to be further verified.

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