The Potential Role of Intellectual Capital in the Process of Accounting Convergence

2021 ◽  
pp. 12-23
Author(s):  
Ionica Oncioiu
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Intangible Assets ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Senior Staff ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
And Control ◽  
Accounting Convergence

Today, wealth is created through a combination of intangible assets that generate value. Companies have recognized the importance of intellectual capital as a key factor for success, looking for ways to measure and control this factor. Differences arising between accounting and fiscal policy will be resolved over accounting. This chapter shows that it is imperative to review fiscal policy on intangibles so as to reach the premises of business development, reestablishing profit growth, and fiscal parameter supervision by senior staff. The transition to accounting convergence is very complex and will result in terms of significant accounting policies and principles that are currently in project of the IASB and FASB.

The Conundrum of Valuing a Company`s Intellectual Capital

2010 ◽  
pp. 1848-1861
Author(s):  
Luiz Antonio Joia ◽  
Paulo Sérgio da Silva Sanz
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Intangible Assets ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Relationship Capital ◽  
A Company ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Made In

Since the early 1990s, research has been conducted in an attempt to establish a viable and reliable manner of measuring the intangible assets, also referred to as the intellectual capital, of companies. Several models have been devised, most of them using indicators to evaluate the intangible assets of a given undertaking. In this chapter, exploratory field study methodology is used to analyse the behaviour of the “customer retention” indicator, which has been widely used to evaluate a company’s relationship capital. Two of the largest Brazilian e-retailing groups are analysed in order to obtain an in-depth insight into the behaviour of their frequent customers via their digital channel. Conclusions are presented, indicating that the role of frequent customers in e-retailing companies can sometimes be widely divergent from that presented in existing academic literature. Finally, recommendations are made in order to reach a clearer understanding of the conundrum of valuing a company’s intellectual capital via taken-for-granted indicators.

Enhancing radical innovation performance through intellectual capital components

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 (4) ◽  
pp. 789-806 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lara Agostini ◽  
Anna Nosella
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Radical Innovation ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Ic Testing ◽  
And Performance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Purpose In today’s knowledge economy the ability to innovate and develop new products is a key factor to sustain firm performance. Within this context, analysing the role of different components of intellectual capital (IC) becomes of foremost importance, as well as an under-investigated issue for small- and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs). The purpose of this paper is to investigate the impact of human, organisational and relational capital (RC) on radical innovation performance (RIP), as well as to examine whether organisational capital (OC) and RC mediate the relationship between human capital (HC) and RIP and whether OC moderates the relationship between RC and RIP. Design/methodology/approach The methodology consisted of a factor analysis and different regression models to test for mediation and moderation. The analyses are carried out on a sample of 150 micro firms and SMEs involved in the production of machinery or instruments and located in Italy. Findings Results show that HC is directly associated to RIP, as well as OC and RC that totally mediate the relationship between HC and RIP. Moreover, OC positively moderates the relationship between RC and RIP. Originality/value This study is particularly interesting because it adopts an overarching perspective on IC testing the interplay between the different components of IC. In addition, it focusses on the SME context which is under-investigated as far as IC and performance measurement is concerned.

scholarly journals Metabolomic Identification of Exosome-Derived Biomarkers for Schizophrenia: A Large Multicenter Study

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang Du ◽  
Lei Chen ◽  
Xue-Song Li ◽  
Xiao-Lin Li ◽  
Xiang-Dong Xu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Neurological Diseases ◽  
Bioinformatic Analysis ◽  
Ultra Performance Liquid Chromatography ◽  
Training Samples ◽  
Liquid Chromatography Tandem Mass ◽  
Test Sets ◽  
And Control ◽  
Metabolomic Study

Abstract Exosomes have been suggested as promising targets for the diagnosis and treatment of neurological diseases, including schizophrenia (SCZ), but the potential role of exosome-derived metabolites in these diseases was rarely studied. Using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, we performed the first metabolomic study of serum-derived exosomes from patients with SCZ. Our sample comprised 385 patients and 332 healthy controls recruited from 3 clinical centers and 4 independent cohorts. We identified 25 perturbed metabolites in patients that can be used to classify samples from patients and control participants with 95.7% accuracy (95% CI: 92.6%–98.9%) in the training samples (78 patients and 66 controls). These metabolites also showed good to excellent performance in differentiating between patients and controls in the 3 test sets of participants, with accuracies 91.0% (95% CI: 85.7%–96.3%; 107 patients and 62 controls), 82.7% (95% CI: 77.6%–87.9%; 104 patients and 142 controls), and 99.0% (95% CI: 97.7%–100%; 96 patients and 62 controls), respectively. Bioinformatic analysis suggested that these metabolites were enriched in pathways implicated in SCZ, such as glycerophospholipid metabolism. Taken together, our findings support a role for exosomal metabolite dysregulation in the pathophysiology of SCZ and indicate a strong potential for exosome-derived metabolites to inform the diagnosis of SCZ.

Good Breeding? Hybrid Professionals and the Thriving Library – a Law Firm Perspective

2009 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 293-296 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kate Stanfield
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Information Service ◽  
Business Development ◽  
Professional Support ◽  
Law Firm ◽  
It Professionals ◽  
Information Professional

AbstractKate Stanfield has based this article on a presentation given at the 2008 Online meeting. She considers the potential role of the non-traditionally trained information professional within a law firm information service. Such roles include professional support lawyers, para-legals and business development and IT professionals.

An Efficiency Model for Assessing Intellectual Capital

2021 ◽  
pp. 84-91
Author(s):  
Aleksey Myasoedov
Keyword(s):  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Intangible Assets ◽  
Knowledge Society ◽  
Favorable Effect ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantage ◽  
Economic Wealth ◽  
Tangible Assets ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Essential Resource ◽  
Knowledge Intensive

Today we live in a knowledge society, a society shaped by the information revolution and developed by communication technologies. At the dawn of the new era, the concept of intellectual capital was first used to explain the importance of intellectual resources - such as information, knowledge, and experience - in the modern economy. Today, intellectual capital is a key factor in the company's profitability and has become an essential resource for creating economic wealth. In this environment, intellectual capital and intangible assets are fundamental to success. Intellectual capital consists of intangible assets that, when properly used, become a source of sustainable competitive advantage. To create value, the components of intellectual capital must interact. The assessment of intellectual capital is an important activity for any organization operating in a competitive market, and involves the achievement of intangible assets, but at a lower cost. The interest in measuring intellectual capital was caused by the fact that accounting, as it is currently practiced, has largely lost its information capacity as enterprises have become more and more knowledge-intensive. Traditional valuation methods based on accounting principles, where the value of a company's assets is a fraction of the value, have systematically undervalued companies. The existence of non-financial standards is critical to the company's value creation, as the accounting rules, under constant review, were originally developed for tangible assets, which are a source of wealth in the industrial period. In the literature, the assessment of intellectual capital is considered in different ways, with many approaches developed over time based on research and research, most of which are aimed at improving the performance of an organization, measured by different tools. This article is a synthesis of the most well-known models used to evaluate intellectual capital and its subsequent implementation in the case of Company X. The results obtained confirm the hypothesis that the intellectual capital of a company has a favorable effect on the results of the organization's activities and may indicate future competitiveness.

scholarly journals CURRENCY NOTES AND ASSOCIATED RISK OF NEGLECTED TROPICAL DISEASES: STUDY ON THE NIGERIAN NAIRA

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 252-258
Author(s):  
Ukpong Iniodu George ◽  
Joshua Esther Ifenyinwa
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Public Education ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Neglected Tropical Diseases ◽  
Tropical Diseases ◽  
Enterobius Vermicularis ◽  
Oral Pathogens ◽  
And Control ◽  
Hookworm Ova

Currency notes could play a role in the transmission of faeco-oral pathogens. This study aimed at identifying the possible role of the Nigerian Naira in the transmission of some neglected tropical diseases (NTDs) and the implication on their intervention and control in Nigeria. Method: 250 samples of all denominations of mint, dirty and mutilated Naira notes were examined for presence of parasites using the rinse method. Result: 58.4% of notes were contaminated with 161 cysts and ova of a protozoan (45.3%) and helminths (54.7%): Entamoeba histolytica cysts (43.7%), Enterobius vermicularis ova (5.4%), Ascaris lumbricoides ova (34.7%) and Hookworm ova (12.6%). Parasite contamination was independent of currency denomination (X2 =45.4; P=0.05). Mutilated notes harboured more parasites (51.5%) than dirty notes (44.9%). Mint notes had zero contamination. This was statistically significant (X2 =5.6; P<0.05). Polymer notes were more contaminated (51.37%) than paper notes. This study has identified a public health risk and the potential role of the Naira notes in the epidemiology of some NTDs in the study area. Public education on the health implications of the abuse of the Naira, beyond reasons of patriotism is required now. The Central Bank should ensure quick withdrawal of mutilated notes from circulation.

The Contribution of Marketing 3.0 for the Strategic Management of Competitive Advantages of Organizations

2018 ◽  
pp. 342-358
Author(s):  
Maria Beatriz Marques
Keyword(s):  
Strategic Management ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Conceptual Model ◽  
Customer Loyalty ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Intangible Assets ◽  
Competitive Advantages ◽  
Digital World ◽  
Spiritual Nature

The main objective of this chapter is to analyze the concept of competitive advantage of organizations from the study and valuation of their intangible assets. The evolution of marketing is analyzed from the materiality of the commercial transactions of purchase and sale of products and services, to the intangible aspects inherent to the transactional process, based on intellectual capital and values of spiritual nature. In the context of a new cosmogony, the authors conclude on the deciding role of the intangible assets of organizations in order to create their competitive advantage, based on the concepts of value, satisfaction, trust, and customer loyalty. They conclude with a proposal of a conceptual model for the sustainability of organizations in the transition from the traditional to the digital world.

The Conundrum of Valuing a Company's Intellectual Capital

2009 ◽  
pp. 58-71 ◽  
Author(s):  
Luiz Antonio Joia ◽  
Paulo Sérgio da Silva Sanz
Keyword(s):  
Field Study ◽  
Intellectual Capital ◽  
Intangible Assets ◽  
Customer Retention ◽  
Academic Literature ◽  
Study Methodology ◽  
Relationship Capital ◽  
Insight Into ◽  
Made In

Since the early 1990s, research has been conducted in an attempt to establish a viable and reliable manner of measuring the intangible assets, also referred to as the intellectual capital, of companies. Several models have been devised, most of them using indicators to evaluate the intangible assets of a given undertaking. In this chapter, exploratory field study methodology is used to analyse the behaviour of the “customer retention” indicator, which has been widely used to evaluate a company’s relationship capital. Two of the largest Brazilian e-retailing groups are analysed in order to obtain an in-depth insight into the behaviour of their frequent customers via their digital channel. Conclusions are presented, indicating that the role of frequent customers in e-retailing companies can sometimes be widely divergent from that presented in existing academic literature. Finally, recommendations are made in order to reach a clearer understanding of the conundrum of valuing a company’s intellectual capital via taken-for-granted indicators.

scholarly journals Stress and sex: does cortisol mediate sex change in fish?

Reproduction ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 154 (6) ◽  
pp. R149-R160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alexander Goikoetxea ◽  
Erica V Todd ◽  
Neil J Gemmell
Keyword(s):  
Potential Role ◽  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Sex Change ◽  
Control Fish ◽  
Lifetime Reproductive Success ◽  
Gene Encoding ◽  
Environmental Signals ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Social Environmental

Cortisol is the main glucocorticoid (GC) in fish and the hormone most directly associated with stress. Recent research suggests that this hormone may act as a key factor linking social environmental stimuli and the onset of sex change by initiating a shift in steroidogenesis from estrogens to androgens. For many teleost fish, sex change occurs as a usual part of the life cycle. Changing sex is known to enhance the lifetime reproductive success of these fish and the modifications involved (behavioral, gonadal and morphological) are well studied. However, the exact mechanism behind the transduction of the environmental signals into the molecular cascade that underlies this singular process remains largely unknown. We here synthesize current knowledge regarding the role of cortisol in teleost sex change with a focus on two well-described transformations: temperature-induced masculinization and socially regulated sex change. Three non-mutually exclusive pathways are considered when describing the potential role of cortisol in mediating teleost sex change: cross-talk between GC and androgen pathways, inhibition of aromatase expression and upregulation ofamh(the gene encoding anti-Müllerian hormone). We anticipate that understanding the role of cortisol in the initial stages of sex change will further improve our understanding of sex determination and differentiation across vertebrates, and may lead to new tools to control fish sex ratios in aquaculture.

scholarly journals Budget Rules and Fiscal Policy: Ten Lessons from Theory and Evidence

2014 ◽  
Vol 15 (1) ◽  
pp. 84-99 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alan J. Auerbach
Keyword(s):  
Fiscal Policy ◽  
Political Institutions ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Economic Outcomes ◽  
Fiscal Rules ◽  
Considerable Research

Abstract There has been considerable research and discussion over the years about the potential role of fiscal rules in supporting better economic outcomes; the design, implementation and enforcement, of such rules; and the prospects for alternative fiscal and political institutions to promote the objectives to which fiscal rules are typically targeted. This paper provides an overview of some of the findings that this research and unfolding events have brought forward, organized in the form of ten lessons that can be learned from accumulating theory and evidence.

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