Teacher Effectiveness in Canada

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-55
Author(s):  
Rodney A. Clifton ◽  
Masha V. Krylova
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Public Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Considerable Variability ◽  
Canadian Education ◽  
The World ◽  
Education Statistics ◽  
National Governments

There are only a few countries in the world in which education is not the responsibility of national governments but the responsibility of smaller units—provinces and territories in Canada and states in Australia and the United States. Canada has 10 provinces and three territories; hence, there are 13 systems of public education with about 5.5 million students and over 450,000 teachers (Canadian Education Statistics Council, 2020). Consequently, there is considerable variability across the country in the quality of education and in the way it is managed and delivered.

scholarly journals Effects of Social Determinants of Health in Progression to Type 2 Diabetes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
◽  
Folabi Ariganjoye ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
United States ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Social Determinants ◽  
The United States ◽  
Effective Management ◽  
The World ◽  
Longitudinal Association

The prevalence of prediabetes and diabetes in the United States and around the world has increased faster than expected in the last 30 years. The economic burden this costs a nation can be astronomic both in terms of expense and loss in productivity. One-third of U.S. adults, 86 million people, have prediabetes. Effective management is needed that can reach these 86 million, and others at high risk, to reduce their progression to diagnosed Type 2 diabetes. After the literature review, there was not enough literature to support how these led to the progression to diabetes. The abundant literature is centered on how to prevent complications and improve the quality of life of those living with type 2 diabetes. This paper will focus on the longitudinal association between these social determinants and how they may predispose to the progression to Type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals The Future of Clinical Islet Transplantation in the United States

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael F Knoll ◽  
Carmela A Knoll ◽  
Rita Bottino ◽  
Massimo Trucco ◽  
Suzanne Bertera ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
United States ◽  
Type 1 Diabetes ◽  
Islet Transplantation ◽  
Drug Administration ◽  
The United States ◽  
Clinical Islet Transplantation ◽  
The World

Clinical islet transplantation was first realized over four decades ago at the University of Minnesota. Autologous islet transplantation is now widely recognized as a treatment to prevent diabetes in patients after pancreas excision and is offered at major transplant centers throughout the United States and the world. Type 1 diabetes represents a much larger demographic in which islet transplantation may benefit patients. Allogeneic islet transplantation can now offer similar outcomes to pancreas transplantation in a subset of patients with labile type 1 diabetes with less risk than whole organ transplantation. It is recognized as a standard of care in nations around the world but not in the United States, despite the important developmental role US scientists and physicians have played. Early reports of islet transplantation focused on insulin independence that proved to diminish over time. However, regardless of insulin status, islet transplantation provides benefits ranging from improved quality of life to reduction in diabetic complications. A National Institutes of Health sponsored multi-center Phase 3 Clinical Trial (CIT-07) demonstrated safety and efficacy, although the Food and Drug Administration chose to consider islets as a biologic that requires licensure, which makes offering the procedure in the clinic very challenging. Until regulations can be brought into communion with international standards, allogeneic islet transplantation in the United States is unlikely to match international levels of success and once promising programs are left to wither on the vine. Food and Drug Administration approval would open the door for third party medical reimbursement and allow many patients the opportunity to enjoy better health and quality of life. Establishment of clinical islet transplantation for type 1 diabetes would lead to optimizations in procedures making it more efficacious and cost effective while offering support for ongoing islet xenotransplantation studies that could bring islet transplantation to even more patients.

Conclusion

2021 ◽  
pp. 242-248
Author(s):  
David Bosco
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
South China Sea ◽  
South China ◽  
The United States ◽  
Fundamental Change ◽  
Central Question ◽  
Regional Organizations ◽  
The World ◽  
Complex Hybrid ◽  
National Governments

The disagreement between China and the United States over maritime rights in the South China Sea has become the leading maritime point of friction. But that dispute is just one part of more fundamental change at work in how the world governs the oceans, one that has moved away from the idea of freedom of the seas. A central question is whether the UN Convention’s compromise on the oceans can endure. The Convention increased national sovereignty over parts of the oceans but also created mechanisms of international control. What emerged from that compromise is a complex, hybrid system of governance that relies on national governments but also a variety of international and regional organizations and international courts. Part of that compromise is a narrower version of freedom of the seas, but pressure from multiple directions is rendering even a limited version of that long-standing doctrine increasingly fragile.

A Republic, If You Can Keep Its Elections Secure, Accurate, and Fair

2020 ◽  
Vol 48 (6) ◽  
pp. 667-669
Author(s):  
Martha Kropf
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Data Collection ◽  
The United States ◽  
The World ◽  
The Face

We have kept our republic through a variety of localized disasters and various problem elections. The research presented here highlights the field of “Election Science and Administration” (ESA). Research in our field maximize our probability of continuing to keep our republic—even in the face of a pandemic which is a national—and international challenge. As the United States and the world deal with the specter of a pandemic election, the growth of the scholarly field designed to advocate for transparency in data collection and to improve the quality of elections is more important than ever.

scholarly journals Health issues of incarcerated women in the United States

2016 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 2051-2060 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sylvia Mignon
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Health Care ◽  
The United States ◽  
Psychological Needs ◽  
Incarcerated Women ◽  
Female Inmates ◽  
Health Issues ◽  
Trauma History ◽  
The World

Abstract Health care within jails and prisons in the United States is typically insufficient to meet the medical and psychological needs of female inmates. Health services are often of low quality, especially in the areas of reproductive medicine. Mental illness, substance abuse, a trauma history, and sexual victimization while incarcerated can predict a more difficult adjustment to a correctional environment. Incarcerated women who are able to maintain contact with family members, especially children, can have a better prison adjustment. Recommendations are made to improve the types and quality of health care delivered to women in jails and prisons in countries around the world.

scholarly journals The Hard Path of Becoming a Visiting Scholar in the U.S.

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-93
Author(s):  
Margherita Daho'
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
International Students ◽  
The United States ◽  
Colleges And Universities ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Considerable Time ◽  
The U.S ◽  
Visiting Scholars

With globalization and the continual growth of studies abroad, many Ph.D. students apply to move to other countries for an exchange experience. Many students select the United States as their preferred destination, attracted by the perceived better quality of education. The United States also tries to attract international students to its colleges and universities. However, becoming a visiting scholar is very hard and takes considerable time. Applications and bureaucracy are cumbersome and major support is required, especially for international students. This article is a reflection on my experience planning an exchange experience in the United States during my Ph.D. I also offer recommendations for improving the experiences of international visiting scholars.

European Energy Alternatives and Turkey's Compatibility

2019 ◽  
pp. 96-121
Author(s):  
Selma Aytüre
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
European Union ◽  
Energy Policy ◽  
Oil And Gas ◽  
The United States ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Complementary Role ◽  
Strategic Location ◽  
The World

Energy is an issue of strategic importance to the European Union and Turkey. Both are dependent to the outside. EU is the world's largest energy importer and second largest energy consumer after the United States. Turkey's alignment with the EU's energy policy is extremely important for EU in terms of increasing the diversity and quality of its energy resources. Turkey's strategic location makes Turkey a land of passage for transporting oil and gas to Europe. This geopolitical importance is an important opportunity for both sides. In this chapter, EU's position on energy in the world has been explained first. Then the energy situation and energy policy in EU has been examined. Secondly, Turkey's energy policy and compatibility to EU together with complementary role to EU on Energy has been presented.

Chinese Pedagogy or Western Andragogy?

2014 ◽  
pp. 1620-1644
Author(s):  
Victor X. Wang ◽  
Susan K. Dennett ◽  
Valerie C. Bryan
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Adult Education ◽  
The United States ◽  
Global Market ◽  
Quality Of Education ◽  
Adult Educators ◽  
Ivy League ◽  
Chinese Adult ◽  
The Government

This chapter reports the results of a study designed to compare Chinese adult education methods with Western (i.e., United States) educational methods using the conceptual framework of the principles of andragogy. Adult educators from two universities in China and one university in the United States responded to an online survey comprised of closed- and open-ended questions about their teaching practices. Study results indicated that while the U.S. educators were consistently andragogical in their approach, Chinese adult educators were less so. Although a few andragogical elements were reported by the Chinese educators, their approach appeared more pedagogical, a finding that was consistent with reports in the literature of adult education in China. Even in 1998, under the leadership of the former administration, the Chinese people were promised the growth of China's education system. Today, China provides resources to support education so that China is more competitive in the global market today. China's blueprint for the future is evidence of the commitment to education China emphasizes. China has created its own Ivy League schools to support the next generation workforce that are competitive with Ivy League schools in the United States. China's Ivy League is funded by the government. It leads to the question of whether the recession of 2008 in the United States will negatively impact the services American institutions will offer and ultimately affect the number of international students enrolling in universities in the United States. It also leads to the question on whether China will surpass the United States in the quality of education it provides to its students and therefore reduce the number of Chinese students who study in the United States. The style of teaching in this new system may impact both the quality of education provided and its impact.

What is the Meaning of Meaning in Paul Tillich's Theology?

2018 ◽  
Vol 111 (3) ◽  
pp. 307-332
Author(s):  
Steven Cassedy
Keyword(s):  
United States ◽  
Human Person ◽  
The United States ◽  
English Word ◽  
Existential Philosophy ◽  
Verbal Noun ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Ultimate Concern ◽  
The World

AbstractOne of the most frequently occurring terms in Paul Tillich's theology is meaning (in his English writings) or Sinn (in his German writings). But Tillich used both in multiple senses, without acknowledging or even appearing to be aware that he was doing so. He wrote only in German till he immigrated to the United States at the age of forty-seven. He used the German Sinn abundantly in his native tongue, and with a variety of meanings: a universal medium for understanding the world; “sense,” as in “making sense” or what is missing in “senseless” (sinnlos) statements; “the unconditional” (“das Unbedingte”); a “thing pointed at” (in Tillich's theory of symbols and signs); a grand metaphysical quality of some undefined sort; the object-correlate of an act of cognition; and “God.” He drew on the German Sinn when he began to write in English but, because of the grammatical status of meaning as a verbal noun, the English term allowed Tillich to ascribe agency to things that in his view bear meaning, for example the thing that grasps us when we are in the state of faith. In addition, the English word meaning for Tillich meant “comprehensibility,” “value,” “direction,” from existential philosophy (what is missing when life is meaningless); “ultimate concern” (the “meaning which gives meaning to all meanings”); in the plural, something undefined that the human person “lives in”; and “God.” The change from German to English accompanied a change in his conception of faith, raising the possibility that the new language moved Tillich's theology in a new direction.

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