Tap and Swipe Activity Zones on Smartphones for Novice Older Adults

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 18-39
Author(s):  
Paula Alexandra Silva ◽  
Roxanne Leitão ◽  
Maureen K Kerwin
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Empirical Evidence ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Mobile Applications ◽  
The Body ◽  
Adult Performance ◽  
Tactile Interaction ◽  
Practical Information ◽  
The Right

This article investigates tactile interaction on smartphones with adults aged 65 or older who were considered to have a novice level of skill with technology. Two experiments with two different groups of 40 Portuguese adults adds empirical evidence to the field and shows that older adult performance for tapping is best toward the center, right edge, and bottom right corner of the smartphone display. Results also show that a participant's performance of horizontal swipes is better with targets toward the bottom half of the display, while participant's performance of vertical swipes is better with targets toward the right half of the display. This article contributes to the body of research on the design of user interfaces for smartphones and mobile applications targeted at older adults, as well as providing practical information for designers and practitioners developing products that are more universally accessible.

scholarly journals The prevalence of obesity in older adults in Iran: a systematic review and meta-analysis

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Aliakbar Vaisi-Raygani ◽  
Masoud Mohammadi ◽  
Rostam Jalali ◽  
Akram Ghobadi ◽  
Nader Salari
Keyword(s):  
Systematic Review ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
The Body ◽  
Obesity Prevalence ◽  
Analysis Software ◽  
Obesity And Overweight ◽  
Age Dependent ◽  
Prevalence Of Obesity

Abstract Background one of the most important age-dependent physiologic alterations in the body composition of older adult people is obesity and overweight, increasing the risk of cardiovascular disease and mortality rate. Objective The aim of the present study is to determine the prevalence of obesity in older adults in Iran. Methods The present study was conducted via meta-analysis and systematic review method, from March 2000 to October 2018. Subject-related literature was obtained via searches in ScienceDirect, Medline (PubMed), SID, Magiran, Scopus, and Google Scholar databases. Heterogeneity of studies was assessed using the I2 index, and data were analyzed by Comprehensive-Meta analysis software. Results In the assessment of 18 studies and 29,943 persons aged over 50 years, the prevalence of obesity in older adults of Iran was 21.4% (95%CI: 26.6–16.9%) based on the meta-analysis. The highest obesity prevalence was obtained in older adults of Babol (Amir Shahr) which was 44.2% (95%CI: 41.1–47.2%) in 2007, while the minimum obesity prevalence was found in older adults of Razavi Khorasan which was 11.3% (95%CI, 10–12.8%) in 2007. Further, as the sample size and the study year increased, the obesity prevalence diminished in older Iranian adults (p < 0.05). Conclusion This study suggests that the prevalence of obesity in the older adults of Iran is high. Accordingly, healthcare planners and politicians should consider effective and practical policies to reduce obesity in older adults.

scholarly journals Activating Aging Stereotypes Increases Source Recollection Confusions in Older Adults: Effect at Encoding but Not Retrieval

2018 ◽  
Vol 74 (4) ◽  
pp. 633-641 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jessica T Wong ◽  
David A Gallo
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Stereotype Threat ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
General Knowledge ◽  
Secondary Tasks ◽  
Stereotype Activation ◽  
Adult Performance ◽  
Metacognitive Beliefs ◽  
Self Reports ◽  
Retrieval Phase

Abstract Objectives Activating aging stereotypes can impair older adult performance on episodic memory tasks, an effect attributed to stereotype threat. Here, we report the first study comparing the effects of explicitly activating aging stereotypes at encoding versus retrieval on recollection accuracy in older adults. Method During the encoding phase, older adults made semantic judgments about words, and during the retrieval phase, they had to recollect these judgments. To manipulate stereotype activation, participants read about aging-related decline (stereotype condition) or an aging-neutral passage (control condition), either before encoding or after encoding but before retrieval. We also assessed stereotype effects on metacognitive beliefs and two secondary tasks (working memory, general knowledge) administered after the recollection task. Results Stereotype activation at encoding, but not retrieval, significantly increased recollection confusion scores compared to the control condition. Stereotype activation also increased self-reports of cognitive decline with aging, but it did not reliably impact task-related metacognitive assessments or accuracy on the secondary tasks. Discussion Explicitly activating aging stereotypes at encoding increases the likelihood of false recollection in older adults, potentially by diminishing encoding processes. Stereotype activation also influenced global metacognitive assessments, but this effect may be unrelated to the effect of stereotypes on recollection accuracy.

scholarly journals Capacidad aeróbica: Actividad física musicalizada, adulto mayor, promoción de la salud (Aerobic capacity: Musicalized physical activity, older adult, health promotion)

Retos ◽  
2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anderson Aguilar Bolivar ◽  
Jairo Alberto Florez Villamizar ◽  
Yanneth Saavedra Castelblanco
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Promotion ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Aerobic Capacity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Calidad De Vida ◽  
Different Populations

Objetivo: Indagar en las diferentes bases de datos la conceptualización acerca de la definición de capacidad aeróbica, instrumentos utilizados para la medición y la relación directa con la actividad física en diferentes poblaciones en especial adulto mayor.  Metodología: se realiza una búsqueda en la que se obtienen 50 artículos publicados entre los años 2013 y 2018. Esta se adelantó en bases de datos como Medline, Science Direct, Pubmed, Dialnet, Proquest, entre otras. De igual forma se consideraron aportes de expertos en el área de actividad física y promoción de la salud, donde se abordan como parámetros de búsqueda las categorías actividad física, música, capacidad aeróbica, adulto mayor. Los artículos examinados incluyeron revisiones, artículos de investigación y capítulos de libros. Resultados: al realizar el barrido bibliográfico en artículos de investigación científica y capítulos de libro, encontramos lo referente a la capacidad aeróbica, definiciones, formas de mediarla; de igual manera la relación que tiene la música al realizar actividad física y a su vez, recomendaciones para practicarla, en especial con adulto mayor. También se exponen los beneficios y riesgos de un nivel insuficiente al practicar actividad física. Así mismo, se reportan mejoras significativas en cuanto a que reduce las enfermedades, favorece el desempeño de las actividades de la vida diaria, permite ejercitar grupos musculares de piernas y brazos, logrando así realizar actividades en las cuales se usan todas las partes del cuerpo, como caminar, lo que se convierte en estrategia principal de intervención para el mantenimiento o mejora de esta capacidad y por consiguiente permita mejorar la calidad de vida. Conclusiones: Esta revisión permite que el lector visualice los diversos conceptos de capacidad aeróbica, instrumentos de medición, así como su relación con la actividad física, la música, los beneficios y recomendaciones al realizarla en distintas poblaciones, pero en especial con adulto mayor. Por otra parte, al practicar actividad física acompañada por música ha demostrado en distintas investigaciones los beneficios que otorgan al practicarlo. Aun así, se debe tener un control sobre la intensidad, como toda actividad programa, en este caso por los beats musicales (beneficios psicológicos (110-130 bpm) y físicos orgánicos (120-140 bpm), la frecuencia cardiaca, escala de Borg o test del habla. Implementar actividades novedosas como el uso de la música al realizar actividad física, crea una motivación y gusto, lo cual lleva a que los hábitos de vida cambien y mejore la calidad de vida del adulto mayor.  Abstract. Objective: To investigate in the different databases the conceptualization about the definition of aerobic capacity, the instruments used for measurement and the direct relation with physical activity in different populations, especially older adults. Methodology: a search is carried out in which 45 articles published between 2013 and 2018 are obtained. This was advanced in databases such as Medline, Science Direct, Pubmed, Dialnet, Proquest, among others. In the same way, contributions were considered from experts in the area of physical activity and health promotion, where the following categories are addressed as search parameters: physical activity, music, aerobic capacity, and older adults. The articles examined included reviews, research articles and book chapters. Results: When we carried out the bibliographic sweep in articles of scientific research and book chapters, we found what refers to aerobic capacity, definitions, ways of mediating it; likewise, the relationship that music has when performing physical activity and at the same time, recommendations for practice, especially with older adults. It also exposes the benefits and risks of an insufficient level of physical activity. Moreover, significant improvements are reported in terms of reducing diseases, favoring the performance of activities of daily life, allowing to exercise muscle groups of legs and arms, thus achieving activities in which all parts of the body are used, such as walking, which becomes the main intervention strategy for the maintenance or improvement of this capacity and therefore allows to improve the quality of life. Conclusions: This review allows the reader to visualize the various concepts of aerobic capacity, measuring instruments, as well as their relation to physical activity, music, benefits and recommendations when performing it in different populations, but especially with older adults. On the other hand, the practice of physical activity accompanied by music has demonstrated in various investigations the benefits of practicing it. Even so, one must have control over the intensity, as any program activity, in this case by musical beats (psychological benefits (110-130 bpm) and organic physical beats (120-140 bpm), heart rate, Borg scale or speech test. Implement innovative activities such as the use of music when performing physical activity, creates a motivation and pleasure, which leads to life habits change and improve the quality of life of the older adult.

Generalization of implicit and explicit adjustments to visuomotor rotations across the workspace in younger and older adults

2011 ◽  
Vol 106 (4) ◽  
pp. 2078-2085 ◽  
Author(s):  
Herbert Heuer ◽  
Mathias Hegele
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Visuomotor Rotation ◽  
Adult Age ◽  
Target Direction ◽  
Visuomotor Transformations ◽  
Functional Differences ◽  
Single Target ◽  
The Right ◽  
Implicit And Explicit

We examined the generalization of adjustment to a visuomotor rotation across the workspace in younger and older adults. Participants practiced in the right workspace with a single target direction and were tested in both the right and left workspace with eight different target directions. A set of tests served to identify implicit and explicit components of adjustment. Explicit, but not implicit, components were stronger at younger than at older adult age. Explicit components generalized across all target directions, whereas implicit components were restricted to the target direction during practice and clockwise adjacent ones. Generalization to the contralateral workspace was found only for explicit components of adjustment. These findings expand the list of functional differences between implicit and explicit components of adjustment to visuomotor transformations.

scholarly journals Lack of Diversity in Personal Health Record Evaluations with Older Adult Participants: A Systematic Review of Literature

2017 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 789 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laura Kneale ◽  
George Demiris
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Evaluation Studies ◽  
Personal Health Record ◽  
The Body ◽  
Personal Health ◽  
Inclusion Criteria ◽  
Adult Participants ◽  
Full Text Review ◽  
Study Participants

Background: Older adults are not adopting personal health records (PHRs) at the same rates as other adult populations. Disparities in adoption rates are also reported in older adult subgroups. The variability in adoption may be because PHRs are not designed to meet older adult users.Objective: We analyzed PHR evaluation studies to examine the characteristics and perspectives of older adult study participants to identify their self-reported needs.Method: We searched Medline, CINAHL, PsycINFO, and Embase for PHR evaluation studies that involved older adult participants.Results: 1017 abstracts were identified, and 179 publications went through full text review. 10 publications met inclusion criteria. These publications described studies conducted in 3 countries, and evaluated 7 PHRs. Homogeneity was found in the study populations and participant opinions of the systems.Discussion: Many PHR evaluations do not include diverse older adult participants. This may lead to consistency in outcomes, but it also may create gaps in identifying user needs. Additional studies, specifically targeting diverse older adult participants, are needed to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the opinions of older adults on PHRs and how these systems could benefit older adult healthcare consumers.Conclusion: The body of research shows that older adults are highly satisfied using PHRs. These outcomes may be generalizable because most PHR evaluation studies do not include diverse older adult participants. This lack of participant diversity may be contributing to the disparities observed in PHR adoption rates.

scholarly journals A scoping review of age-related health conditions among geriatric populations in sub-Saharan Africa

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keshena Naidoo ◽  
Jacqueline van Wyk
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Scoping Review ◽  
The Body ◽  
Health Needs ◽  
Sub Saharan Africa ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Age Related ◽  
Modifiable Factors ◽  
Sub Saharan

Abstract Background Globally people are living longer, resulting in an increased demand for primary care services to be responsive to geriatric health needs. There is however, little information on the nature and prevalence of age-related health conditions among older adults in the sub-Saharan African (SSA) region. This scoping review was undertaken to synthesise evidence on the scope and nature of age-related health needs among people aged 60 years and older in SSA. Methods We systematically searched five electronic databases for studies published prior to 30 June 2019. Using the keywords “Africa”, “older adult” or “geriatric”, and “health”, two independent reviewers used a set of eligibility criteria to extract and screen the abstracts and full-text publications. Particular focus was given to age-dependent disorders in people over 60 years such as dementia, disability and falls Results Sixty-four studies met the inclusion criteria. The review revealed a noticeable absence of studies from the majority of Sub-Saharan African countries. Publications included for review represent twelve countries from this region. The morbidities reported on included dementia, functional impairment, mental health, falls, sarcopenia and nutritional disorders, sensory impairment, frailty and musculoskeletal disorders. Many of these conditions co-existed among older adults, resulting in impaired quality of life and disability. Modifiable factors for geriatric morbidity such as hypertension, depression, cognitive and sensory impairments were under-diagnosed and often untreated. Low awareness and management of these conditions were noted among health providers and communities in SSA region. Conclusions The body of empiric research and evidence on age-related health conditions in geriatric people in SSA remains small. Further research is required on screening and management programs for age-related conditions in people over 60 years in SSA, and health professions training in the care of older adults. Ethics and dissemination : This study did not include human participants. Data was sourced from published literature. Keywords: older adult - geriatric - aged - health - Africa

scholarly journals An analysis of the negative asymmetry in the coronal body shape of the old people in South Korea

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lin Chen ◽  
Soo-Min Lee ◽  
Yunja Nam ◽  
Jinhee Park
Keyword(s):  
Correlation Analysis ◽  
South Korea ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
T Test ◽  
The Body ◽  
Anterior Neck ◽  
Adult Body ◽  
The Right ◽  
Size Data

Abstract Background Existing positive shape models are based on values for the right side of the body. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first comparative study to analyze both left- and right-side data to explore asymmetrical body characteristics, considering that most older people are not able to maintain a healthy spinal vertical tilt presentation. In this study, 3D scanning and 3D measurement were used to analyze and study the asymmetry of the elderly in South Korea to provide more complete basic size data for the development of clothing patterns for the elderly.Methods The calculated values were analyzed by ANOVA and correlation analysis, and the paired sample t-test was performed to find asymmetrical characteristics of the older adult body. Finally, we used the independent t-test to analyze sex differences. Geomagic Design X software was used to record the coordinates of the measured points to reconstruct 3D models of the older adult body. We present a new method based on analysis of the vertex-anterior neck plane, the anterior neck-omphalion plane, and the omphalion-crotch point plane as benchmarks for the center of the head, the upper torso and the lower torso, respectively, to determine lateral asymmetry.Results The Kolmogorov-Smirnov normality test indicated the tendency of the torso to tilt to the right in older men and women. Compared with the inclination of the head, the inclination of the lower torso is more obvious. The correlation analysis results show that the tilt of the head does not affect the asymmetrical characteristics of the trunk.Conclusions This study did not use the traditional median sagittal plane as a central datum plane, instead separating the model according to the structure of the human body into the head, upper body, and lower body, with three independent central datum planes. Therefore, this study contributes an analysis of human asymmetry, thus providing more complete basic size data for the development of clothing patterns for the elderly in South Korea.

Older Adult Performance on an Altered Version of the SSI Test

2003 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 137-145 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nancy L. Aarts ◽  
Elizabeth M. Adams ◽  
Kathy R. Duncan
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Pure Tone ◽  
The Other ◽  
Speech Understanding ◽  
Pure Tone Average ◽  
Adult Performance ◽  
Equivalent Test ◽  
Interstimulus Intervals

The Synthetic Sentence Identification (SSI) test has been used extensively in investigations of reduced speech understanding skills in older adults. In this study the SSI test was altered by adding noise to the competing message and by administering practice lists and equivalent test lists, as well as versions of the test that have 4- and 12-s interstimulus intervals (ISIs), along with the standard 8-s ISI. The purpose was to determine the effect of these alterations on performance in a group of older adults with average pure-tone average 2 values less than 33 dB HL. Performance changed as a function of the ISI, with less rollover occurring for the 4-s ISI condition than the other 2 ISIs.

Participation of Chronically Ill Older Adults in Their Life-Prolonging Treatment Decisions: Rights and Opportunity

1998 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-23 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarah Shidler
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Health Care ◽  
Decision Making ◽  
Clinical Practice ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Treatment Decisions ◽  
The Individual ◽  
The Right ◽  
Legal Guidelines

ABSTRACTThe right of the individual to participate in her life-prolonging treatment decisions, either as a decision maker or by having her treatment wishes used as a decision-making criterion, is the result of an evolution in legal guidelines over the last two decades. Although necessary, these legal guidelines are however not sufficient to assure the individual's opportunity to participate. For the chronically ill older adult residing in a health care institution, the opportunity to participate in decisions concerning life-prolonging treatments implicitly depends on the effective communication among three key actors (the individual, her physician, and her proxy). The necessity of this communication has important implications for clinical practice and future empirical research.

scholarly journals Some Reflections on Designing Effective Social Telerehabilitation Services for Older Adults

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gilberto Marzano ◽  
Velta Lubkina ◽  
Gatis Stafeckis
Keyword(s):  
Older Adults ◽  
Member State ◽  
Older Adult ◽  
User Interfaces ◽  
Healthy Ageing ◽  
Computer Applications ◽  
Perceived Usefulness ◽  
Candidate Country ◽  
Crucial Issue ◽  
Real Challenge

The share of the population aged 65 years and over is increasing in every EU Member State, candidate country, and EFTA Member State. WHO/Europe has established a Subnetwork on Healthy Ageing within the European Healthy Cities Network and provides guidance to Member States in developing profiles of healthy ageing, since, given the increasing number of older adults, maintaining their health status is a crucial issue.  This article, which is part of the Latvian national scientific program VPP INOSOCTEREHI, focuses on the issues related to the design, implementation, and assessment of user interfaces that can maximize usability in social telerehabilitation systems for older adult users. This is a very real challenge, since older adults don’t form a homogeneous class. Investigating older adults’ skills and their attitudes towards the perceived usefulness of computer applications could be helpful in identifying some sub-sets of older adult users and their typical behaviours.

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