Rural Livelihood Activities

Rural households are found to depend on diverse portfolio of activities and income sources. This study sought to explore the diverse livelihood activities of rural households in Awra Amba Community. Both qualitative and quantitative methodologies were used to collect data. Content analysis method was used to analyze the data. The results of the study revealed that almost all members (94%) of Awra Amba community are depending on non-farm activities because of the scarcity of land. As a result, they are dominantly weavers (86%) and the rest are traders. The results of the study indicated that weaving is their major source of livelihood and a backbone for their survival.

AL-TA LIM ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (2) ◽  
pp. 93-103
Author(s):  
Teuku Zulfikar ◽  
Elismawati Elismawati ◽  
Yuhardi Yuhardi

Thesis is a prerequisite for graduation in all academic institutions. Higher Education institutions, such as Imam Bonjol Islamic State Institute requires its students to write a thesis in order to graduate. Students write their theses and they were examined before the board of examiners. However, students found it difficult to write ‘good’ theses that show academic honesty and high level of originality. This is a big issue in our institution, this article, therefore examines factors that reduce originality of students’ theses. Having analysed over 10 theses using content analysis method, the authors found that almost all theses contain issues that reduces the originality of the theses. Students frequently commit structural plagiarism, in which they tend to follow the structure of their colleagues’ theses, and only made minor changes. Other finding showed that in stating their research problem, students make a claim without appropriate justification. Issues of referencing and paraphrasing are two important issues that reduce qualities of students’ theses.


Author(s):  
Sawyer bint Zanaf bin Fawaz al - Sahli

The main objective of the study was to identify the educational issues in Saudi journalism cartoons. Content analysis method (both qualitative and quantitative) has been used to identify the themes contained in the cartoons. Three Saudi newspapers were selected to be the study sample (okaz newspaper, Aljazeerah newspaper and Arriyadh newspaper). They published 210 cartoons about education during 2014. The results of the study showed that educational cartoons in Saudi newspapers only represented  6.433% that indicates low levels of concern on education issues in Saudi journalism cartoons. 48.571% of them discussed issues related to students, 26.667% discussed issues related to teachers, 13.333% discussed issues related to learning environment, and 6.190% discussed issues related to curriculum. Most of the cartoons portrayed male characters. Most of them were critical. The majority of the educational cartoons in Saudi newspapers came with comments or dialogues. Most of them were colored. The study recommended Saudi cartoonists to focus more on educational issues. The study suggested studying the role of cartoons in setting educational agenda.


Author(s):  
Endang Susilawati

This research is conducted for two main objectives, (1) to identify whether the sociolinguistic contexts have been included in the presentation of interpersonal and transactional text materials in the selected textbook; (2) to analyze the variables of contexts that might have been included.  The text book being analysed is an English textbook for Grade VII, “The title is Bahasa Inggris When English Rings a Bell, SMP/MTs Kelas VII, which is written by Siti Wachidah, Asep Gunawan, Diyantari, Yuli Rulani Khatimah. It is reviewed and edited by Rd. Safrina Noorman and Lestari Manggong and published in 2017 by Pusat Kurikulum dan Perbukuan, Balitbang, Kemendikbud. This research is an evaluation research by applying content analysis method. The analysis is started by (1) identifying or codifying the text materials which belong to both interactional and transactional conversation; (2) categorizing the types of conversations (interactional or transactional); (3) analyzing the inclusion of sociolinguistic contexts in each of the conversations based on the four out of five variables of sociolinguistic contexts proposed by Harmer (2001). The variables include setting, participant, channel, and topic; the last (4)interpreting the result of analysis. The findings show that almost all the topics of the dialog texts have been designed concurrently with the English syllabus for SMP/MTs Kelas VII. Yet, there are only few variables of setting, participant, and channel which are identifiable. To conclude, the variables of sociolinguistic contexts have not been entirely included in the text materials.


HUMANIS ◽  
2018 ◽  
pp. 176
Author(s):  
Ni Luh Radnyani ◽  
I Nyoman Tri Ediwan ◽  
I Gusti Agung Istri Aryani

Prefix is a bound morpheme which is added to the initial of the base word. This study is concerned with the types, meanings and functions of the English Prefixes found in a scientific book entitled “Agricultural Development in a Frontier Region of Java: Besuki, 1870 – Early 1990s” by Nawiyanto. This study applied two theories in order to analyze the data. The first is the theory of type and meaning of the English prefixes proposed by Quirk (1973). The second is the theory of functions of the English prefixes proposed by Bauer (1983). The data of this study were taken directly from the scientific book itself. The data were collected using the content-analysis method and note-taking technique. The collected data were analyzed using the descriptive and qualitative method. Then, all of the analyses were presented using both formal and informal methods. The analyses show that almost all types of the English prefixes found in the book. However, most of them belong to the class-maintaining English prefixes and the attachment of those prefixes give a new meaning to the base words after its attachment.


2020 ◽  
Vol 6 (Extra-C) ◽  
pp. 190-196
Author(s):  
Maxim A. Abramov ◽  
Vladimir N. Gryshai ◽  
Vladimir V. Plotnikov ◽  
Tatyana V. Popova ◽  
Dmitrii V. Skvortsov ◽  
...  

The specificity of the transmission of ideas, methods of perception of various areas of public life, social stereotypes is described. The high potential of the content analysis method in reflecting the key informational factors in the formation of public opinion is shown. The qualitative and quantitative aspects of the content analysis are considered. The importance of studying not only the texts of printed publications, but also publications posted on the Internet, including publications in leading social networks, is described. The significance and prospects for the development of content analysis methods related to the study of large amounts of information are investigated. The perspective of the methods of content analysis based on the involvement of modern information technologies is considered. It is proved that in the course of social development, the importance of the content analysis method increases, which is accompanied by an increase in its capabilities associated with the development of machine technologies for processing large amounts of information.    


2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 185-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Servet Kardeş ◽  
Çağla Banko ◽  
Berrin Akman

Bu araştırmada sığınmacılara yönelik paylaşımların yapıldığı sosyal medyada yer alan sözlüklerden birinde sığınmacılara yönelik algıya bakılmıştır. Yöntem olarak nitel desende olan bu çalışmada, bir sosyal medya sitesinde yer alan paylaşımlar içerik analizi yoluyla derinlemesine incelenip yorumlanmıştır. Araştırmanın sonucunda sosyal medya kullanıcılarının sığınmacıları büyük bir güvensizlik ortamı ve huzursuzluk yaratan bireyler olarak gördükleri saptanmış, sığınmacılarla yaşanan deneyimlerin ve medyadaki haberlerin bu düşüncelerin oluşmasında etkisinin olduğu belirlenmiştir. Bunun yanında sosyal medya kullanıcılarının devletin sığınmacılar konusunda yanlış politika izlediğini düşündükleri ve sığınmacılar için etkili bir planlama yapılmadığını ifade ettikleri görülmüştür. Çalışmanın sonuçları doğrultusunda medyada sığınmacılar hakkında çıkan haberlerde olumsuz ve şiddet temalı haberlerin azaltılması, Suriyeli sığınmacıların durumu, sahip oldukları haklar ve topluma yansımaları hakkında doğru ve bilgilendirici kamu spotları hazırlanması ayrıca sığınmacıların topluma entegre olma sürecinin her basamağında daha planlı ve etkili bir yol izlenmesi önerilebilir.ABSTRACT IN ENGLISHPerceptions about Syrian refugees on social media: an evaluation of a social media platformIn this research, posts which are about Syrian refugees were published in a social media platform, called as “sözlük” were investigated. The research is a qualitative research. The posts in this platform are analyzed with content analysis method. According to results of analyses, social media users see Syrian refugees as people who create an insecure and a restless environment. The experiences people had with them and news have an effect on this view. In addition, social media users think that government made inappropriate policies and ineffective plans about Syrian refugees. It is suggested negative news about Syrian refugees should be decreased and government should make safer policies. In addition, adaptation of refugees to society should be made in more planned and effective way.


Author(s):  
Tse Guan Tan ◽  
Jason Teo

AbstrakTeknik Kecerdasan Buatan (AI) berjaya digunakan dan diaplikasikan dalam pelbagai bidang, termasukpembuatan, kejuruteraan, ekonomi, perubatan dan ketenteraan. Kebelakangan ini, terdapat minat yangsemakin meningkat dalam Permainan Kecerdasan Buatan atau permainan AI. Permainan AI merujukkepada teknik yang diaplikasikan dalam permainan komputer dan video seperti pembelajaran, pathfinding,perancangan, dan lain-lain bagi mewujudkan tingkah laku pintar dan autonomi kepada karakter dalampermainan. Objektif utama kajian ini adalah untuk mengemukakan beberapa teknik yang biasa digunakandalam merekabentuk dan mengawal karakter berasaskan komputer untuk permainan Ms Pac-Man antaratahun 2005-2012. Ms Pac-Man adalah salah satu permainan yang digunakan dalam siri pertandinganpermainan diperingkat antarabangsa sebagai penanda aras untuk perbandingan pengawal autonomi.Kaedah analisis kandungan yang menyeluruh dijalankan secara ulasan dan sorotan literatur secara kritikal.Dapatan kajian menunjukkan bahawa, walaupun terdapat berbagai teknik, limitasi utama dalam kajianterdahulu untuk mewujudkan karakter permaianan Pac Man adalah kekurangan Generalization Capabilitydalam kepelbagaian karakter permainan. Hasil kajian ini akan dapat digunakan oleh penyelidik untukmeningkatkan keupayaan Generalization AI karakter permainan dalam Pasaran Permainan KecerdasanBuatan. Abstract Artificial Intelligence (AI) techniques are successfully used and applied in a wide range of areas, includingmanufacturing, engineering, economics, medicine and military. In recent years, there has been anincreasing interest in Game Artificial Intelligence or Game AI. Game AI refers to techniques applied incomputer and video games such as learning, pathfinding, planning, and many others for creating intelligentand autonomous behaviour to the characters in games. The main objective of this paper is to highlightseveral most common of the AI techniques for designing and controlling the computer-based charactersto play Ms. Pac-Man game between years 2005-2012. The Ms. Pac-Man is one of the games that used asbenchmark for comparison of autonomous controllers in a series of international Game AI competitions.An extensive content analysis method was conducted through critical review on previous literature relatedto the field. Findings highlight, although there was various and unique techniques available, the majorlimitation of previous studies for creating the Ms. Pac-Man game characters is a lack of generalizationcapability across different game characters. The findings could provide the future direction for researchersto improve the Generalization A.I capability of game characters in the Game Artificial Intelligence market.


Society ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 677-694
Author(s):  
Rahma Isnania ◽  
Nanang Martono ◽  
Tri Rini Widyastuti

The upper-class dominates various social spaces in society, including children’s stories. Children’s stories as a means of socializing values also participate in socializing upper-class habitus in the storyline. This study aims to describe the children’s habitus as narrated in short stories published in Bobo magazine. The method used in this study is the quantitative content analysis method and critical discourse analysis. This study’s object is about 174 short stories published in Bobo magazine from January 2019 to August 2020, of which 110 stories were taken randomly as samples. The results show that most of the children’s habitus narrated in the stories were upper-class children’s habitus, reaching out to 87 or 79.1% of all stories. Meanwhile, lower-class children’s habitus was found in 30.9% of all stories. The habitus of upper-class children featured in the story consisting of go on an excursion, luxury living, own electronic goods, own expensive good, wearing nightgowns, reading, and writing. On the other side, the habitus of lower-class children habitus featured in the story consisting of playing traditional games, living in poverty, and doing lower-class work. In conclusion, the upper-class children’s habitus appears more dominantly within short stories in Bobo magazine. This study’s results are expected as recommend to parties related to children’s stories publication to present more balanced stories.


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