scholarly journals Does Cross-Border E-Commerce Contribute to the Growth Convergence?

2021 ◽  
Vol 29 (5) ◽  
pp. 86-111
Author(s):  
Shuzhong Ma ◽  
Yichun Lin ◽  
Gangjian Pan
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Heterogeneous Firms ◽  
Economic Convergence ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Growth Convergence ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Trade Model ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

The impact of cross-border e-commerce (CBEC) on international trade is prominent in recent years. The authors extend the international trade model with heterogeneous firms to include CBEC export and deduce that CBEC lowers the capability threshold for export. Firms and regions with different capabilities are affected differently, but the total regional export is increasing. In the empirical analysis section, they use panel data from 31 provinces in China from 2015 to 2018 and construct proxy variables for CBEC with CBEC comprehensive pilot zones and CBEC exporters. They find that CBEC contributes to economic growth and economic convergence. The underlying mechanisms include the convergence of regional exports and total factor productivity, while the convergence of capital isn't supported by the results.

scholarly journals Trade credit, trade income elasticity and the international transmission of shocks

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Anna Watson
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Open Economy ◽  
Trade Credit ◽  
Income Elasticity ◽  
Heterogeneous Firms ◽  
Firm Level ◽  
Macroeconomic Shocks ◽  
Cyclical Fluctuations ◽  
Irish Data ◽  
The Impact

AbstractThe paper examines the impact of trade credit on cyclical fluctuations in international trade. It provides new empirical evidence based on firm-level UK and Irish data showing that exporters use trade credit more actively and intensively than non-exporters. The study introduces inter-firm lending into an open economy general equilibrium model with heterogeneous firms and endogenous entry into the exports market. It demonstrates that trade credit amplifies the impact of macroeconomic shocks on international trade both along the intensive and extensive margins and that it significantly contributes to the high trade income elasticity observed in the data.

scholarly journals International Trade and Human Capital Investment with Heterogeneous Firms and Workers: Modeling and Analysis

Mathematics ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (10) ◽  
pp. 1106
Author(s):  
Jaewon Jung
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Organizational Behavior ◽  
Capital Accumulation ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Capital Investment ◽  
Investment Decision ◽  
Heterogeneous Firms ◽  
Modeling And Analysis ◽  
Trade Model

Though the importance of organizational behavior and human decision processes within firms for the firm performance has largely been recognized in the business and management literature, much less attention has been devoted to studying such implications in the international trade context. This paper develops a general-equilibrium trade model in which heterogeneous workers make an investment decision in acquiring advanced managerial skills and choose their optimal effort level based on their comparative advantage. In doing so, we show how globalization-induced human capital accumulation within firms leads to sustainable economic growth. We also show that workers’ organizational belief and CEO’s managerial vision may be an important element for the human capital formation within firms and for the performance of firms in a global economy.

scholarly journals Impact of International Trade of Higher Education on Universities' Performance

2020 ◽  
Vol V (II) ◽  
pp. 237-245
Author(s):  
Anfa Tabassum ◽  
Abdul Hameed Qamar ◽  
Uzma Shahzadi
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Leadership Role ◽  
Community Perception ◽  
University Ranking ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Sample Data ◽  
The Impact

The central theme of the research work was to examine the impact of International Trade of Higher Education (IToHE) on universities' performance. The nature of the article was descriptive; as a consequence, the data of the study was assembled by means of survey and interview. The targeted population was comprised of all BS, MS, PhD students, faculty and administration from all general public universities of Punjab, which were included in the HEC ranking in 2015. The purposive sampling technique and multiphase strategy were applied to specify the sample. Data was collected via two research instruments. To assemble quantitative data, a questionnaire was planned on six factors, i.e. Leadership role (LR), Quality Teaching (QT), Research (R), University Ranking (UR), Community Perception (CP) and International Trade of Higher Education (IToHE). According to the triangulation result, findings illustrated that Academia should do productive work instead of producing passive labor. The study recommended further researches in the field of cross border mobility and its role in university, society and country development.

scholarly journals The Effect of AIoT on the Total Factor Productivity: The Case of China in The Past Decade

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (6) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jirong Dai ◽  
Yi Huang ◽  
Tao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Technology Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Marginal Benefit ◽  
Technology Investment ◽  
Tfp Growth ◽  
The Past ◽  
Economic Significance ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

This paper introduces the economic significance of AIoT technology, especially the impact on TFP. The impact of AIoT technology development on TFP growth rate in China is empirically studied then by selecting the relevant data in recent ten years. Economic theories have confirmed the positive impact, while the empirical analysis of this paper also reveals that the marginal benefit of AIoT investment is not ideal sometimes even though the technology investment has increased.

scholarly journals Merger Policy in a Quantitative Model of International Trade*

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Holger Breinlich ◽  
Volker Nocke ◽  
Nicolas Schutz
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Quantitative Model ◽  
Trade Costs ◽  
Oligopolistic Competition ◽  
Merger Policy ◽  
Trade Model ◽  
Level Data ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Industry Level Data ◽  
The U.S

Abstract In a two-country international trade model with oligopolistic competition, we study the conditions on market structure and trade costs under which a merger policy designed to benefit domestic consumers is too tough or too lenient from the viewpoint of the foreign country. We calibrate the model to match industry-level data in the U.S. and Canada. Our results suggest that at present levels of trade costs, merger policy is too tough in the vast majority of sectors. We also quantify the resulting externalities and study the impact of different regimes of coordinating merger policies at varying levels of trade costs.

scholarly journals Strengthening the Role of Academic Institutions and Innovation Brokers in Agri-Food Innovation: Towards Hybridisation in Cross-Border Cooperation

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 4899
Author(s):  
Marina Knickel ◽  
Sabine Neuberger ◽  
Laurens Klerkx ◽  
Karlheinz Knickel ◽  
Gianluca Brunori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Academic Institutions ◽  
Regional Innovation ◽  
Agenda 2030 ◽  
Border Regions ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Innovation Space ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Empirical Analysis

Existing research suggests that regions can develop their long-term competitive advantage through well-functioning interregional innovation cooperation. In this article, we use the example of innovation in small and medium-sized agri-food enterprises (SMEs) to scrutinise and compare regional innovation approaches on each side of the Dutch-German border and explore how they can converge into a cross-border innovation space. Particular attention is paid to the role of academic institutions and innovation brokers in creating a common innovation space. We explore how differences between two cross-border regions can be harnessed to enhance the impact of innovation, and how this may lead to what we describe as hybridisation effects. In the empirical analysis, we apply the concept of hybridisation to a cross-border innovation space, something that, as far as we are aware, has not been done before. We empirically ground the concepts of a cross-border innovation space and hybridisation and illustrate how relative regional strengths can lead to hybridisation effects. We conclude that differences in economic structures, institutional set-ups, visions and identities inherent in cross-border spaces are not only hindrances, but also opportunities, and we highlight the importance of these complementary strengths and the potential for their strategic use by regional innovation actors. Our findings are highly relevant for the further development of the Interreg Europe programme and the implementation of the EU’s Territorial Agenda 2030.

scholarly journals The Impact of Foreign Direct Investment Spillover Effects on Total Factor Productivity in Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
pp. 37-49
Author(s):  
Kalaichevi Ravinthirakumaran ◽  
Tarlok Singh ◽  
Eliyathamby Selvanathan ◽  
Saroja Selvanathan
Keyword(s):  
Human Capital ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Research And Development ◽  
Total Factor Productivity ◽  
Spillover Effects ◽  
Annual Data ◽  
Factor Productivity ◽  
Positive Effects ◽  
The Impact

This paper examines whether FDI generates productivity spillovers in Sri Lanka, using the annual data over the period from 1978 to 2015. The autoregressive distributed lag model has been estimated to investigate the effects of FDI, research and development, human capital, international trade, technological gap, rate of inflation, population growth and civil war on total factor productivity (TFP). The results reveal that FDI positively influences TFP. The results also confirm that research and development, human capital and international trade have positive effects. The findings suggest that Sri Lanka needs to increase investment in human capital and in research and development and needs to introduce policies to attract FDI inflows.

scholarly journals SERVICES' MODES OF SUPPLY: THEORETICAL ASPECTS AND IMPLEMENTATION SPECIFICS IN THE INCONSISTENT PRESENT

2021 ◽  
Vol 71 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Vasyl Pavliuk ◽  
Volodymyr Mulenko
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Service Sector ◽  
Modern World ◽  
Trade In Services ◽  
Services Trade ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Commercial Presence ◽  
The Cross ◽  
The Impact

The significant role of services in modern world trade, international migration of labor and capital, science and technology, information space, creates the need to research services' modes of supply and the impact of the pandemic on the specifics of these modes’ usage. The article is focused on the refinement and improvement of existing services' modes of supply and theoretical aspects of the international trade in services operations; identification of future trends in the service sector and the use of existing supply models. Four trade in services modes of supply depending on the need to move the supplier or consumer are distinguished: cross-border supply, consumption abroad, commercial presence and presence of natural persons. It was found that the existence of trade in services modes of supply is due to the specifics of international trade in services, such as the need for direct contact between supplier and consumer, greater protection by the state compared to trade in goods, impossibility of some services types selling in international markets, regulation by domestic legislation of individual countries etc. Identification of a fifth trade in services mode of supply in which the consumer and supplier move to a third country to trade in services is proposed. It is established that creating of a commercial presence is the most used model. The future growth of services’ trade in the cross-border regime is substantiated as a consequence of the necessity to operate service enterprises during the pandemic and in the post-quarantine period. The increase of tourism services sales in the cross-border mode of supply due to the active introduction of virtual reality technologies and the development of virtual tourism is forecasted. The transition of construction services to cross-border supply due to active development of modular construction and use of the latest technologies such as 3D printers and artificial intelligence is predicted. However, it is emphasized that it is impossible to completely exclude the physical movement of the supplier or consumer in the provision of certain types of services, even with the advancement of technology. The presented study results can be used as a basis for further research into models of trade in services and development of effective services trade policies during quarantine and post-quarantine period.

scholarly journals The Impact Of Digital Economy On International Trade

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Ikrom Ahmedov
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Global Economy ◽  
Digital Economy ◽  
Virtual Space ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
Rapid Pace ◽  
Digital Commerce ◽  
Internal Operations ◽  
New Generation ◽  
The Impact

This article explores the role of digitalization and related technologies in today's international trade. The global economy and digitalization in international trade are growing at a rapid pace and the digital space is becoming a key area for global trade. The impact of digitalization on international trade, the impact of changes in the structure and form of international trade, the intensification of global competition and its transition to the intangible sector; the emergence of new formats and opportunities for international business through digitization, the expansion of cross-border commerce and invisible employment, and the reduction of cross-border and internal operations in a globalized digital environment; Factors such as the rapid growth of digital commerce with companies, businesses and households, the emergence of new generation science related to the regulation of commercial relations in the transboundary virtual space, the emergence of new changes in international trade regulation have been explored. Keywords: digital economy, digitalization, globalization, international trade, technology, supply chain, transformation, regulation, data flow, cross-border trade.

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