Evolution of Trust and Formation of Preference Clusters in Distributed Networked Structure

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 17-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Purnendu Karmakar ◽  
Rajarshi Roy
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Trust Model ◽  
Network Evolution ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Distributed Network ◽  
Chat Rooms ◽  
Interacting Agents ◽  
Over Time

Distributed network researchers are trying to address one important issue concerning networked structures and how the network came into existence, i.e., dynamics of network evolution. From the knowledge of social science it is observed that trust is one such metric that evolves with the network particularly where human interaction is involved. This work presents a “trust” model of the authors’ studies and its various properties. In virtual (and “real”) communities (chat rooms, blogs, etc.) behavioral segregation over time is observed. Differences in identities of interacting agents result in evolution of various degrees of “trust” (and “distrust’) among them over a period of time. This process ultimately leads to emergence of self-segregation in behavioral kinetics and results in formation of preference clusters.

Evolution of Trust and Formation of Preference Clusters in Distributed Networked Structure

2013 ◽  
pp. 62-96
Author(s):  
Purnendu Karmakar ◽  
Rajarshi Roy
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Trust Model ◽  
Network Evolution ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Distributed Network ◽  
Chat Rooms ◽  
Interacting Agents ◽  
Over Time

Distributed network researchers are trying to address one important issue concerning networked structures and how the network came into existence, i.e., dynamics of network evolution. From the knowledge of social science it is observed that trust is one such metric that evolves with the network particularly where human interaction is involved. This work presents a “trust” model of the authors’ studies and its various properties. In virtual (and “real”) communities (chat rooms, blogs, etc.) behavioral segregation over time is observed. Differences in identities of interacting agents result in evolution of various degrees of “trust” (and “distrust”) among them over a period of time. This process ultimately leads to emergence of self-segregation in behavioral kinetics and results in formation of preference clusters.

scholarly journals Historical Disparities and Gendered Citation Patterns

2018 ◽  
Vol 26 (3) ◽  
pp. 338-344 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. M. Peterson
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Recent Work ◽  
Citation Data ◽  
Science Methodology ◽  
Social Science Methodology ◽  
Over Time

In this comment on Dion, Sumner, and Mitchell’s article “Gendered Citation Patterns across Political Science and Social Science Methodology Fields,” I explore the role of changes in the disparities of citations to work written by women over time. Breaking down their citation data by era, I find that some of the patterns in citations are the result of the legacy of disparity in the field. Citations to more recent work come closer to matching the distribution of the gender of authors of published work. Although the need for more equitable practices of citation remains, the overall patterns are not quite as bad as Dion, Sumner, and Mitchell conclude.

The Internationalization of Chinese English-Language Humanities and Social Science Journals

2021 ◽  
Vol 52 (4) ◽  
pp. 273-293
Author(s):  
Ying Huang ◽  
Weishan Miao
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Growth Rate ◽  
Social Science ◽  
English Language ◽  
Mixed Methods Approach ◽  
Citation Indexes ◽  
The World ◽  
The Status ◽  
Time Type ◽  
Over Time

This paper surveys the status of Chinese English-language journals in the humanities and social sciences (HSS-CELJs). HSS-CELJs are an important vehicle for disseminating Chinese scholarly voices and culture throughout the world. We used a mixed-methods approach to investigate the status of HSS-CELJs according to a number of attributes: growth rate over time, type of publisher, discipline, region of publication, publishing frequency, independence versus co-publication, and inclusion in citation indexes. We discuss some of the challenges facing HSS-CELJ publishing and highlight several contradictions of internationalization in the Chinese context. As of March 2020, eighty-seven HSS-CELJs covered nineteen disciplines, among which economics (17 per cent) and law (13 per cent) accounted for the highest proportions. The establishment of HSS-CELJs has increased significantly since 2004. Fifty-two per cent of HSS-CELJs were jointly operated with international publishers under two different models of cooperation, and twenty-eight (32 per cent) were indexed in international databases.

The Evolution of Collaborative Work

2011 ◽  
pp. 15-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Rahschulte
Keyword(s):  
Collaborative Work ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Organization Of Work ◽  
Over Time

Organizational designs and the organization of work have evolved over time, but the essence of collaboration has always been paramount, especially for organizations seeking efficiency, effectiveness, and survivability. Starting with a biblical reference, then reviewing animal pack mentality, and thoroughly detailing the innovativeness of human interaction, this chapter explores the evolution of collaborative work.

Practice Theory

2018 ◽  
pp. 363-383
Author(s):  
Haridimos Tsoukas
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Practice Theory ◽  
Large Majority ◽  
Management Theory ◽  
Scientific Rationality ◽  
Philosophical Critique ◽  
Domain Specific ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
Over Time

The purpose of this chapter is to articulate the philosophical underpinnings of the perspective commonly known as “practice theory.” The latter originates and has grown out from the long-standing philosophical critique of the logic of scientific rationality, which underlies a large majority of theories within organization and management theory, and social science more generally. Practice theory aims to capture the basic understandings manifested in how actors and materials are entwined in a relational whole over time. Seeing actors as embedded in practices orients researchers to explore how actors follow rules and handle their experiences in enacting the practices they partake in. This chapter explores the philosophical underpinnings of practice theory, with a particular focus on Wittgenstein and Heidegger, and distinguishes three approaches to the study of practice: commonsensical theories, general theories, and domain-specific theories.

scholarly journals A Trustworthy SIoT Aware Mechanism as an Enabler for Citizen Services in Smart Cities

Electronics ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (6) ◽  
pp. 918 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ateeq Ur Rehman ◽  
Rizwan Ali Naqvi ◽  
Abdul Rehman ◽  
Anand Paul ◽  
Muhammad Tariq Sadiq ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Networks ◽  
Information And Communication Technologies ◽  
Online Social Networks ◽  
Information Technologies ◽  
Smart Cities ◽  
Trust Model ◽  
Human Interaction ◽  
Opinion Leaders ◽  
Local Cluster ◽  
Information And Communication

In the recent era, new information technologies have a significant impact on social networks. Initial integration of information and communication technologies (ICT) into city operations has promoted information city, ease of communication and principles of smart communities. Subsequently, the idea of the Internet of Things (IoT) with the specific focus of social IoT (SIoT) has contributed towards the smart cities (SC), which support the city operations with minimal human interaction. The user-generated data obtained by SIoT can be exploited to produce new useful information for creating citizen-centered smart services for SC. The aim of this research is twofold. Firstly, we used the concept of local and global trust to provide new services in SC based on popular online social networks (OSN) data used by the citizens. Secondly, the sustainability of the three different OSN is assessed. This paper investigates the social network domain with regard to the SC. Although in SC, OSN are increasing day by day, there is still an unresolved issue of trust among their users and also OSN are not much sustainable. In this research, we are analyzing the sustainability of different OSN for the SC. We employ datasets of three different social networks for our analyses. A local trust model is used to identify the central user within the local cluster while the global trust-based framework is used to identify the opinion leaders. Our analysis based on the datasets of Facebook, Twitter, and Slashdot unveil that filtration of these central-local users and opinion leaders result in the dispersion and significant reduction in a network. A novel model is being developed that outlines the relationship between local and global trust for the protection of OSN users in SC. Furthermore, the proposed mechanism uses the data posted by citizens on OSN to propose new services by mitigating the effect of untrusted users.

scholarly journals Unpacking Changing Multi-Actor and Multi-Level Actor Ties in Transformative Spaces: Insights from a Degraded Landscape, Machubeni, South Africa

Land ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 227
Author(s):  
Menelisi Falayi ◽  
James Gambiza ◽  
Michael Schoon
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Collective Action ◽  
Land Degradation ◽  
Network Evolution ◽  
Clustering Coefficient ◽  
Edge Density ◽  
Policy Outcomes ◽  
Local Municipality ◽  
Multi Level ◽  
Over Time

The loss of ecosystem services through land degradation continues to be a significant concern for policymakers and land users around the world. Facilitating collective action among various actors is regarded as imperative in halting land degradation. Despite extensive research on collective action, there have been few studies that continuously map social ties and detect network evolution as a way of enabling longitudinal analysis of transformative spaces. This paper seeks to examine the changing dynamics of multi-actor and multi-level actor ties over a period of two years in Machubeni, South Africa. To do this, we used social network analysis to detect continuities and/or discontinuities of multi-actor and multi-level actor ties over time. Overall, edge density, clustering coefficient, and reciprocity scores steadily increased over the two years despite a decline in the number of active organisations within the network. Our results demonstrate that the proportion of strong ties gradually increased over time across three governance networks. However, multi-level linkages between the local municipality and the local organisations remained weak due to a lack of trust and collaborative fatigue. While the transformative space has succeeded in enhancing collaboration and knowledge sharing between local organisations and researchers, further long-term engagement with government agencies might be necessary for promoting institutional transformations and policy outcomes, and building network resilience in complex polycentric governance systems.

scholarly journals Toward a Typology of Critical Nonprofit Studies: A Literature Review

2020 ◽  
pp. 089976402091980
Author(s):  
Tracey M. Coule ◽  
Jennifer Dodge ◽  
Angela M. Eikenberry
Keyword(s):  
Literature Review ◽  
Social Science ◽  
Great Variability ◽  
Research Institutions ◽  
Critical Inquiry ◽  
Critical Scholarship ◽  
Nonprofit Studies ◽  
Critical Approaches ◽  
Primary Contribution ◽  
Over Time

This review examines scholarship in key nonprofit journals over four decades. Its purpose is to (a) analyze the extent, nature, and contribution of critical nonprofit scholarship and its trajectory over time and (b) call on scholars, research institutions, and journals in the field to engage the kinds of insights these increasingly marginalized approaches bring, providing space for them to join, challenge, and shape the research conversation. Findings show only 4% of articles published within the period examined adopt critical approaches, with great variability in the ways articles exemplify core tenets of critical scholarship, and a general dampening of critical work over time. This conservatism may result from the rejection of less understood philosophies and methodologies of critical inquiry in favor of more mainstream (positivistic) models of social science. Our primary contribution is to advance a typology explicating the pluralism inherent in critical approaches to nonprofit studies, and their strengths and limitations.

scholarly journals The evolution of political networks: Evidence from the Council of the European Union

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-51 ◽  
Author(s):  
Narisong Huhe ◽  
Daniel Naurin ◽  
Robert Thomson
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
European Union ◽  
Network Theory ◽  
Network Evolution ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Unique Combination ◽  
Policy Positions ◽  
Political Actors ◽  
Political Networks ◽  
Over Time

We test two of the main explanations of the formation of political ties. The first states that political actors are more likely to form a relationship if they have similar policy preferences. The second explanation, from network theory, predicts that the likelihood of a tie between two actors depends on the presence of certain relationships with other actors. Our data consist of a unique combination of actors' policy positions and their network relations over time in the Council of the European Union. We find evidence that both types of explanations matter, although there seems to be variation in the extent to which preference similarity affects network evolution. We consider the implications of these findings for understanding the decision-making in the Council.

scholarly journals Public Ideas: Their Varieties and Careers

2019 ◽  
Vol 84 (3) ◽  
pp. 545-576 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tim Hallett ◽  
Orla Stapleton ◽  
Michael Sauder
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Future Research ◽  
The Public ◽  
Cultural Approach ◽  
The Past ◽  
Making Sense ◽  
Using Data ◽  
Over Time ◽  
Ebb And Flow ◽  
Newspaper Articles

In light of ongoing concerns about the relevance of scholarly activities, we ask, what are public ideas and how do they come to be? More specifically, how do journalists and other mediators between the academy and the public use social science ideas? How do the various uses of these ideas develop over time and shape the public careers of these ideas? How do these processes help us understand public ideas and identify their various types? In addressing these questions, we make the case for a sociology of public social science. Using data from newspaper articles that engage with seven of the most publicly prominent social science ideas over the past 30 years, we make three contributions. First, we advance a pragmatic, cultural approach to understanding public ideas, one that emphasizes fit-making processes and applicative flexibility. Second, we define public ideas: social science ideas become public ideas when they are used as objects of interest (being the news), are used as interpretants (making sense of the news), and ebb and flow between these uses as part of an unfolding career. Third, we construct a typology of public ideas that provides an architecture for future research on public social science.

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