The Design and Operation of Yongin Feces and Livestock Wastewater Complex Treatment System in Korea

2012 ◽  
Vol 209-211 ◽  
pp. 2063-2066
Author(s):  
Ke Zhao ◽  
Jun Yin ◽  
Gang Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Treatment System ◽  
Reflux Ratio ◽  
Complex Treatment ◽  
Intermittent Aeration ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Livestock Wastewater ◽  
Residual Sludge ◽  
Hydraulic Load ◽  
Foul Odor ◽  
High Level

The feces and livestock wastewater is characterized with complicated and high level in pollutant and foul odor, great change with loading. Humus activated sludge process with anaerobic-intermittent aeration mode were adopted to treat feces and livestock wastewater complex. The design and operation result showed that the process could remove effectively high concentration organic matter, TN,TP and SS, no foul gas release in residual sludge and during operation, the system has strong tolerance to the high hydraulic load through adjusting aeration period and reflux ratio. The feces and livestock treatment in China can draw lessons from the Yongin feces and livestock wastewater complex treatment system in Korea

Arsenic Contamination and its Speciation in the Water System around the Abandoned Dongil Au-Ag Mine in Korea

2005 ◽  
Vol 277-279 ◽  
pp. 503-509 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Min Yi ◽  
Jin Soo Lee ◽  
Hyo Taek Chon
Keyword(s):  
Stream Water ◽  
Arsenic Concentration ◽  
Water System ◽  
Arsenic Species ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Aqua Regia ◽  
Sequential Extraction Analysis ◽  
Fe Oxyhydroxides ◽  
High Level ◽  
Stream Waters

This study was made to investigate the extent and degree of As contamination in waters and sediments influenced by previous mining activity in the abandoned Dongil Au-Ag mine. Arsenic species was also identified in surface waters and groundwater. The chemical form of As in sediments was examined using sequential extraction analysis. The major contamination source of As in the mine area is suggested to be tailings with elevated levels of 8,718 As mg/kg. This was associated with the release of high level of As into the water system in the study area. The pH values of water samples ranged from 7.7 to 10.1, which was neutral to strong alkaline due to buffering effect by high concentration of Ca and Mg dissolved from carbonate mineral and weathering of concrete. Stream waters contained high level of As within the range of 40.5 to 150.4 ㎍/L and most waters exceeded the permissible level (50 ㎍/L) of As for stream water in Korea. The concentration ratios of As(Ⅲ) to As (total), however, extended in the range of 5.8 to 75% and increased at low pH condition in stream waters. Arsenic concentration in sediments digested by aqua regia (HNO3+HCl) ranged from 162 to 2,077 mg/kg. The highest concentration of As may be due to the direct inflow of tailings. The relatively high percentage (17.1~35.3%) of As coprecipitated with amorphous Fe oxyhydroxides indicates that more severe contamination of As can occur by re-extracting due to changes of chemical environment such as reducing condition.

A PROMISING ASSORTMENT OF TREES AND SHRUBS FOR LANDSCAPING IN VOLGOGRAD CITY

2021 ◽  
pp. 5-18
Author(s):  
E.N. Tyukhtina ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Ornamental Plants ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Green Spaces ◽  
Ecological Situation ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
High Level ◽  
The City ◽  
Trees And Shrubs

The article deals with one of the most relevant topics of the modern city and ecology - the problem of landscaping in Volgograd. The city is characterized by an industrial urbanism, with a high concentration of population, saturation of production facilities and vehicles, which contributes to a high level of negative impact on the environment. The pace of greening of the city lags behind the pace of construction of the residential sector, and the existing green spaces do not meet the sanitary and hygienic, aesthetic requirements. The prospects of this problem are determined, the existing green spaces are considered, data on the climatic conditions of the city and the ecological situation are given. Improvement in the field of landscaping is associated with the scientifically sound placement of green spaces, taking into account all the factors that affect the growth and development of plants in the urban environment. Unfortunately, due to the uneven distribution of the assortment of trees and shrubs, the species composition of the central streets and squares of the city is extremely poor. The study focuses on the role of the botanical garden in urban landscaping and aims to create recommendations for the sorting of tree and shrub plants for urban landscaping. As a result of the analysis of the assortment of ornamental plants of the open ground of the botanical garden, the article proposed species and varieties of woody and shrubby plants that have passed the introduction tests for more than 5-10 years. Recommendations for sorting are aimed at improving the ecological situation of the city and greening the recreation areas of citizens. The proposed list of tree and shrub species cannot fully solve the problem of greening the city, but it will help to significantly enrich the composition of tree and shrub plants.

Application of membrane bioreactor system with full scale plant on livestock wastewater

2005 ◽  
Vol 51 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 465-471 ◽  
Author(s):  
H. Kim ◽  
H.-S. Kim ◽  
I.-T. Yeom ◽  
Y.-B. Chae
Keyword(s):  
Organic Matter ◽  
Membrane Bioreactor ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Nitrogen And Phosphorus ◽  
Livestock Wastewater ◽  
Bioreactor System ◽  
High Level

A full-scale plant of an MBR system treating livestock wastewater has shown impressive results. The Cheorwon County Environmental Authorities adopted the MBR process with UF membrane for retrofitting the old plant, which removes organic matter, nitrogen and phosphorus at a high level. According to 6 months operation data, BOD and SS removal were about 99.9% and CODMn, TN and TP removal were 92.0%, 98.3% and 82.7%, respectively. It is considered that the temperature at the bioreactor has to be controlled to be below 40 °C so as to ensure sufficient nitrification. It appeared that the MBR system is competitive with other conventional technologies for treatment of livestock wastewater such as piggery waste.

scholarly journals Conflict of the Social Environment as a Subject of Research

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2 (340)) ◽  
pp. 15-26
Author(s):  
Vitalii Kurylo ◽  
◽  
Olena Karaman ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Social Interaction ◽  
Social Environment ◽  
Social Conflict ◽  
Emotional Experiences ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Sociological Study ◽  
Hybrid Warfare ◽  
The Social ◽  
High Level ◽  
Experimental Substantiation

The article presents a theoretical and experimental substantiation of the problem of conflict of the social environment in Luhansk region as a consequence of the hybrid warfare in East of Ukraine. It is determined that the conflict is an active reciprocal actions of opponents to achieve their goals, colored by strong emotional experiences; social conflict is opened confrontation, collision of two or more subjects and participants of social interaction, the causes of which are perceived incompatible needs, interests and values. It is established that as a result of the hybrid warfare in the communities of East of Ukraine a high concentration of different categories of the population was formed, which caused an increased level of conflict in the social environment. The results of a sociological study on determining the level of conflict in the social environment in Luhansk region within the Project of EU «Intensification of the influence of teachers in Luhansk region on the processes of reconciliation and peace» are presented. It has been experimentally proven that the hybrid warfare in East of Ukraine caused a high level of conflict in the social environment of Luhansk region at the level of community, collective and individual and caused the need for targeted influence on reconciliation and peace in the region.

scholarly journals Airborne Particulate Matter Density in Traditional Bakeries of Saveh, Central of Iran, in 2020

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Edris Hoseinzadeh ◽  
Mehrzad Ghorbani ◽  
Mahdi Safari ◽  
Najmeh Ebrahimi
Keyword(s):  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Particle Concentration ◽  
Gravimetric Method ◽  
Airborne Particulate Matter ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Flour Dust ◽  
Average Size ◽  
High Level ◽  
Respirable Particulate

Introduction: High concentration of inhalable airborne particles can increase the risk of lung disease in exposed people. This study aimed to determine the respirable particulate matter (PM5) concentration in traditional bakeries of Saveh in 2020. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional descriptive study was conducted among 25 bakeries where the samples were collected by cyclone and teflon filter equipped by air sampling pump. Later, the respirable particulate matter concentration was measured using gravimetric method. The collected PM5 was scanned using a FTIR (Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy) with regard to flour dust. In addition, size and shape of the collected PM5 were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope (SEM). Results: Findings showed that the Lavash bakery had the highest PM5 concentration (9.15 mg/m3) in comparison with two other bakeries (Sangak and Barbari). However, an inverse relationship was observed between RH and particle concentration. In addition, the results demonstrated that increasing RH decreased the particle concentration, but the relationship was not significant (P = 0.052, Spearman's rho = -0.393). Furthermore, Lavash bakery had the lowest average size of PM5 (0.63 ± 0.32 μm). However, the FTIR scans confirmed that the flour dust had the predominant amount of PM5. Conclusion: Based on the findings, the density of respirable PM5 has a high level in Saveh bakeries and workers  are exposed to high levels of PM.

scholarly journals MULTI-CHANNEL FRY COUNTER DESIGN USING OPTOCOUPLER SENSOR

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 97-104
Author(s):  
Lazuardi Umar ◽  
Yanuar Hamzah ◽  
Rahmondia N. Setiadi
Keyword(s):  
Counting Process ◽  
Production Capacity ◽  
High Accuracy ◽  
Limited Capacity ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Counting System ◽  
Channel Detection ◽  
Accuracy Level ◽  
High Level ◽  
Almost All

This paper describes a design of a fry counter intended to be used by consuming fish farmer. Along this time, almost all the fry counting process is counted by manual, which is done by a human. It is requiring much energy and needs high concentration; thus, can cause a high level of exhaustion for the fry counting worker. Besides that, the human capability and capacity of counting are limited to a low level. A fry counter design in this study utilizes a multi-channel optocoupler sensor to increase the counting capacity. The multi-channel fry counter counting system is developed as a solution to a limited capacity of available fry counter. This design uses an input signal extender system on controller including the interrupt system. From the experiment, high accuracy level is obtained on the counting and channel detection, therefore, this design can be implemented and could help farmers to increase the production capacity of consuming fish.

scholarly journals Intracerebral Haemorrhage with Choriocarcinoma in a Teenager - A Case Report

2019 ◽  
Vol 37 (3) ◽  
pp. 151-155
Author(s):  
Sukriti Das ◽  
Md Manirul Islam ◽  
Md Mamunur Rashid ◽  
Md Reaz Ahmed Howlader ◽  
Sharbori Dey ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Case Report ◽  
Ct Scan ◽  
Intracerebral Haemorrhage ◽  
Reproductive Age ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Intracranial Metastasis ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Level

Intracerebral haemorrhage is one of the uncommon initial CNS manifestations of choriocarcinoma in reproductive age group women. Disease is usually diagnosed by history, clinical examinations and investigations like CT scan of brain and chest, MRI of brain, USG, X-ray chest P/A view and high level of â-hCG in serum and CSF. Overall prognosis of this disease is generally good (80-90% long term survival with chemotherapy and radiotherapy). But intracranial metastasis has poor prognosis which comprises 3-28% of choriocarcinoma. Most intracranial metastasis occurs late in the course of disease but 20% experiences as first sign. Our patient is a teenager girl presented with convulsion and loss of consciousness. CT scan of brain revealed hemorrhage in right fronto-parietal region with ventricular extension, X-ray chest P/A view shows metastasis in mid zone of right lung, USG shows invasion in posterior myometrium and high concentration of serum â-hCG (273400 mUI/ ml) confirmed our diagnosis. This case report describes that the conservative treatment with radiotherapy and chemotherapy gives good outcome of with metastasic intracerebral haemorrhage with choriocarcinoma is rewarding with farther radio and chemotherapy. J Bangladesh Coll Phys Surg 2019; 37(3): 151-155

252 THE ROLE OF INSULIN-LIKE GROWTH FACTOR 1 (IGF-1) IN DEVELOPMENT OF AN ESTROGEN-ACTIVE DOMINANT FOLLICLE DURING THE FIRST FOLLICULAR WAVE POSTPARTUM IN DAIRY COWS

2007 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 242
Author(s):  
C. Kawashima ◽  
N. Sudo ◽  
C. Amaya Montoya ◽  
E. Kaneko ◽  
M. Matsui ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Dairy Cows ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Follicular Development ◽  
High Plasma ◽  
T Test ◽  
Dominant Follicle ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Follicular Wave ◽  
Follicle Diameter ◽  
High Level

Recent studies have shown that IGF-1 is a crucial factor for ovarian follicular development in mammals. In postpartum (pp) dairy cows, plasma IGF-1 and estradiol (E2) levels in ovulatory cows at the first follicular wave pp are higher than in anovulatory cows. However, the plasma IGF-1 profile in an ovulatory or anovulatory dominant follicle (DF), which have different E2 production, at the first follicular wave pp have not yet been elucidated. Thus, we investigated the changing profile of plasma IGF-1 levels during first follicular wave pp. In 22 multiparous Holstein cows, blood samples were obtained 2 times/week from 4 weeks prepartum to 3 weeks pp, and the first follicular wave was monitored by ultrasound 2 times/week from 7 days pp to ovulatory phase. Detailed IGF-1 profiles in blood were determined during DF growth and maturation 4 times/day from 10 days pp to 7 days after the first ovulation in 5 ovulatory cows and to 20 days pp in 4 anovulatory cows; the data were analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA, and Student's t-test. There was no interaction between groups and time within the prepartum or the pp period. The ovulatory cows (n = 13/22) with an estrogen-active dominant (EAD: high plasma E2 level with peak) follicle showed higher IGF-1 levels than anovulatory cows (n = 9/22) with an estrogen-inactive dominant (EID: low plasma E2 level without peak) follicle during the prepartum (117 � 8 vs. 91 � 5 ng mL-1; P < 0.05) and the pp (91 � 4 vs. 64 � 4 ng mL-1; P < 0.001) period. Especially noteworthy, during the first follicular wave pp in ovulatory cows, the plasma IGF-1 levels were maintained at a high level until E2 levels increased, followed by an LH surge. We observed that the EAD follicle in ovulatory cows ovulated. To further examine the IGF-1 system in the intra-follicular environment, we used the EAD and EID follicles from ovaries of dairy cows obtained at a slaughterhouse. The EAD and EID follicles were classified on the basis of follicle diameter and E2 concentrations in follicular fluid (FF). The significant differences of factors between EAD and EID were analyzed by Student's t-test. The expression of IGF-1 mRNA was not detected in follicular cells in either EAD and EID, suggesting that IGF-1 in FF is mainly derived from liver. The free IGF-1 levels in FF in EAD (4.8 � 0.5 ng mL-1) were higher than those in EID (2.7 � 0.1 ng mL-1; P < 0.05). In addition, the expression of type 1 IGF receptor (IGFR-1) mRNA in EAD was higher than hat in EID (P < 0.0001). From the results of the present study, it is apparent that the EAD follicle during the first follicular wave pp in ovulatory cows sufficiently expressed IGFR-1, and a liver-derived IGF-1 stimulates E2 production in the follicle to ovulate. In conclusion, our data suggest that a high concentration of IGF-1, secreted from the liver, during the peripartum period may be one of important factors for the appearance of an ovulatory follicle during the first follicular wave pp cows.

scholarly journals On the Machinability of an Al-63%SiC Metal Matrix Composite

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 1186 ◽  
Author(s):  
David Repeto ◽  
Severo Raul Fernández-Vidal ◽  
Pedro F. Mayuet ◽  
Jorge Salguero ◽  
Moisés Batista
Keyword(s):  
Matrix Composite ◽  
Metallic Matrix ◽  
Machining Process ◽  
Special Focus ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Aluminium Matrix Composite ◽  
Industrial Sectors ◽  
High Microhardness ◽  
High Level ◽  
Very High

This paper presents a preliminary study of aluminium matrix composite materials during machining, with a special focus on their behavior under conventional processes. This work will expand the knowledge of these materials, which is considered to be strategic for some industrial sectors, such as the aeronautics, electronics, and automotive sectors. Finding a machining model will allow us to define the necessary parameters when applying the materials to industry. As a previous step of the material and its machining, an experimental state-of-the-art review has been carried out, revealing a lack of studies about the composition and material properties, processes, tools, and recommended parameters. The results obtained and reflected in this paper are as follows; SiC is present in metallic matrix composite (MMC) materials in a very wide variety of sizes. A metallographic study of the material confirms the high percentage of reinforcement and very high microhardness values registered. During the machining process, tools present a very high level of wear in a very short amount of time, where chips are generated and arcs are segmented, revealing the high microhardness of the material, which is given by its high concentration of SiC. The chip shape is the same among other materials with a similar microhardness, such as Ti or its alloys. The forces registered in the machining process are quite different from conventional alloys and are more similar to the values of harder alloys, which is also the case for chip generation. The results coincide, in part, with previous studies and also give new insight into the behavior of this material, which does not conform to the assumptions for standard metallic materials, where the hypothesis of Shaffer is not directly applicable. On the other hand, here, cutting forces do not behave in accordance with the traditional model. This paper will contribute to improve the knowledge of the Al-63%SiC MMC itself and the machining behavior.

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