Correct the Extreme Properties of Mono-Attribute Dependability

2012 ◽  
Vol 241-244 ◽  
pp. 1700-1704
Author(s):  
Qing Quan Meng ◽  
Jun Ling Kan
Keyword(s):  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Discernibility Matrix ◽  
The Core ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

The relationship was analyzed among dependability of core attribute and other mono-attributes in terms of mono-attribute dependability and the definition of core attribute based on the method of discernibility matrix to find the core, and the correction was made that the mono-attribute for maximum dependability is not always the core attribute through theory and practice, the value of mono-attribute dependability is independent of its classification capacity on the basis of previous study on the summary of the two extreme properties of mono-attribute dependability.

Fine-tuning the Relationship between Religion and Intellectual Humility

2018 ◽  
Vol 46 (4) ◽  
pp. 305-314 ◽  
Author(s):  
Everett L. Worthington
Keyword(s):  
Religious Belief ◽  
The Self ◽  
Content Area ◽  
Fine Tuning ◽  
Epistemic Status ◽  
Intellectual Humility ◽  
The Core ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Meaning System ◽  
The Relationship

I examine religious humility, which is one content area of intellectual humility. Intellectual humility is the subtype of humility that involves taking a humble stance in sharing ideas, especially when one is challenged or when an idea is threatening. I position religious humility within the context of general humility, spiritual humility, and relational humility, and thus arrive at several propositions. People who are intensely spiritually humble can hold dogmatic beliefs and believe themselves to be religiously humble, yet be perceived by others of different persuasions as religiously dogmatic and even arrogant. For such people to be truly religiously humble, they must feel that the religious belief is core to their meaning system. This requires discernment of which of the person’s beliefs are truly at the core. But also the religiously humble person must fulfill the definition of general humility, accurately perceiving the strengths and limitations of the self, being teachable to correct weaknesses, presenting oneself modestly, and being positively other-oriented. Humility thus involves (1) beliefs, values, and attitudes and (2) an interpersonal presentational style. Therefore, intellectually humble people must track the positive epistemic status of their beliefs and also must present with convicted civility.

scholarly journals Querying and Repairing Inconsistent Prioritized Knowledge Bases: Complexity Analysis and Links with Abstract Argumentation

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Meghyn Bienvenu ◽  
Camille Bourgaux
Keyword(s):  
Complexity Analysis ◽  
Knowledge Bases ◽  
Data Complexity ◽  
The Core ◽  
Inconsistency Handling ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Priority Relation ◽  
Inconsistent Database ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Computational Properties

In this paper, we explore the issue of inconsistency handling over prioritized knowledge bases (KBs), which consist of an ontology, a set of facts, and a priority relation between conflicting facts. In the database setting, a closely related scenario has been studied and led to the definition of three different notions of optimal repairs (global, Pareto, and completion) of a prioritized inconsistent database. After transferring the notions of globally-, Pareto- and completion-optimal repairs to our setting, we study the data complexity of the core reasoning tasks: query entailment under inconsistency-tolerant semantics based upon optimal repairs, existence of a unique optimal repair, and enumeration of all optimal repairs. Our results provide a nearly complete picture of the data complexity of these tasks for ontologies formulated in common DL-Lite dialects. The second contribution of our work is to clarify the relationship between optimal repairs and different notions of extensions for (set-based) argumentation frameworks. Among our results, we show that Pareto-optimal repairs correspond precisely to stable extensions (and often also to preferred extensions), and we propose a novel semantics for prioritized KBs which is inspired by grounded extensions and enjoys favourable computational properties. Our study also yields some results of independent interest concerning preference-based argumentation frameworks.

Embodied Inner Human Being

2014 ◽  
Vol 21 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 20-57
Author(s):  
Annette Weissenrieder ◽  
Gregor Etzelmüller
Keyword(s):  
Deep Understanding ◽  
The Body ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Ancient Medicine ◽  
The Core ◽  
Greco Roman ◽  
Medicine And Philosophy ◽  
Philosophical Texts ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

In this paper we take issue with George H. van Kooten’s recent argument that Paul’s concept of inner human being has a background in ancient philosophical treatises as a metaphor of the soul. We argue that its Greco-Roman physiological meaning was decisive in its adoption by Paul and that the split between ancient medicine and philosophy was not essential in antiquity. Ancient medical-philosophical texts did not focus on the core or center of a person but rather sought a deep understanding of his or her inner aspects. These texts sought to understand how it is that we can discover bodily information about this inner person and to what degree the relationship between the inner and outer person can be interpreted. At the same time, however, we are discussing Walter Burkert’s evolutionary understanding of Pauline’s concept of the inner and outer human being. Paul’s definition of the inner human being corresponds to recent anthropological concepts of embodiment insofar as the visible outer human being has an inside which, according to Paul, is not detached from the body, but must be grasped from a physical perspective.

1. Fundamental concepts

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Gray ◽  
Susan Francis Gray
Keyword(s):  
Human Rights ◽  
Common Law ◽  
Physical Reality ◽  
England And Wales ◽  
The Core ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Property Concepts ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Relationship

Titles in the Core Text series take the reader straight to the heart of the subject, providing focused, concise, and reliable guides for students at all levels. This chapter introduces a number of concepts that are fundamental to an understanding of the contemporary law of land in England and Wales. It discusses: definition of ‘land’ as physical reality; the notion of abstract ‘estates’ in land as the medium of ownership; the relationship between law and equity; the meaning of ‘property’ in land; the impact of human rights on property concepts; the ambivalence of common law perspectives on ‘land’; the statutory organisation of proprietary rights in land; and the underlying policy motivations that drive the contemporary law of land.

Does Academic Freedom Protect Antisemitism?

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 19-46
Author(s):  
Cary Nelson
Keyword(s):  
Social Science ◽  
Academic Freedom ◽  
American Association ◽  
Moral Legitimacy ◽  
Personnel Decisions ◽  
The Core ◽  
Working Definition ◽  
Political Views ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract The examples listed in the International Holocaust Remembrance Alliance’s Working Definition of Antisemitism suggests that some political views common in humanities and social science disciplines are antisemitic. In some disciplines, these views are well estab­lished in both teaching and publication. Yet the American Association of University Pro­fessors has long used prevailing disciplinary views as a guide to which faculty statements cannot be sanctioned. What should universities do when not just individual faculty, but entire disciplines have been captured by radical antizionism, when students are taught that Israel has no moral legitimacy and must be eliminated? How should personnel decisions be affected? Should this evolving situation lead us to rethink the relationship between advo­cacy and indoctrination? Can universities keep the search for the truth at the core of their mission in the wake of disciplinary solidarity behind antisemitism?

Nonlinearity and focalisation in Attila Janisch’s Másnap

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 96-111
Author(s):  
Tamás Csönge
Keyword(s):  
Subjective Experience ◽  
Temporal Structure ◽  
Chronological Order ◽  
The Core ◽  
Fragmented Structure ◽  
Experience Of Time ◽  
Nouveau Roman ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

AbstractThe essay’s aim is to examine the relationship between perspective and nonlinear temporal structure in Attila Janisch’s 2004 film, Másnap, which is loosely based on Alain Robbe-Grillet’s Le Voyeur (1955). My analysis revolves around the understanding of two important narratological distinctions, that between a nonlinear presentation of events and a paradoxical plot, and that between narrative focalizalization and textual focalization. According to David Bordwell, the most widespread definition of linearity is when the successive events of A, B and C are presented in the narrative in their chronological order. Any other form of their presentation results in a nonlinear narrative. But Másnap is a special type of narrative, which highlights the limitation of such traditional dichotomies, because a consistent order of events cannot be reconstructed. Many critics tried to grasp the core of the film’s narrative by trying to put together the original timeline of events, relying on false indicators of logic and coherence, while they failed to recognize the narrative’s real rhetorical purpose in preventing a consistent and unambiguous plot to be established. The narrative’s complexity lies in the fact that both assumptions – that it depicts a subjective experience of time and a storyworld with strange temporality – are necessary to explain the film’s unusual, fragmented structure and interpret its events. I point out how the film requires us to reinterpret the meanings attached to the familiar techniques of continuity editing and how it converts the practices of the early Nouveau Roman, which marginalizes traditional plot-structures, the notion of character, and conventional descriptions of objects, to interact with a subjective vision governed by a fictional mind.

scholarly journals BIBLIOGRAPHICAL HEURISTICS AND BIBLIOGRAPHICAL SEARCH: CORRELATION OF THE CONCEPTS ESSENCE

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Oksana Zbanatska
Keyword(s):  
Information Search ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Specific Situation ◽  
Communication Environment ◽  
Scientific Analysis ◽  
Bibliographical Information ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
The Relationship

The purpose of the article is to identify the essence of the concepts «bibliographical heuristics» and «bibliographical search», to discover the relationship between them. The methodology is based on the use of scientific analysis, synthesis, comparison methods, that allowed us to identify, investigate and compare the essence of the proposed concepts. The use of a structural approach made it possible to build a communication environment of bibliographical heuristics. The scientific novelty of the work consists of the correlation of the concepts’ essence «bibliographical heuristics» and «bibliographical search»; the definition of the communication environment of bibliographical heuristics. Conclusions. The concepts of bibliographical heuristics and bibliographical search are correlated as a science and an object of study of the science. Bibliographical heuristics is the science of theory and practice of bibliographical search. Bibliographical heuristics develop rules, determines the search strategy depending on the type of search query, the criteria for issuing search results, and the nature of the dialogue between the user and the information search engine. It is the theoretical basis of bibliographical search. The object of bibliographical heuristics is bibliographical search as the process of bibliographical activity associated with the search for bibliographical information, enhanced by intuition, logic, experience, which depends on the specific situation and tasks of the search. The main components of bibliographical search are bibliographical finding and identifying. Bibliographical search is a clarification of bibliographical records, an identification of missing elements in them, a correction of errors distorted in the query. Bibliographical identifying is an exhaustive selection of bibliographical records on a particular topic. Bibliographical heuristics and bibliographical search exist in a certain communication environment that accumulates and disseminates bibliographical knowledge. Key words: bibliographical heuristics; bibliographical search; correlation.

Custom in the Islamic Legal Tradition

2015 ◽  
pp. 230-248
Author(s):  
Ayman Shabana
Keyword(s):  
Main Part ◽  
Islamic Law ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Legal Tradition ◽  
Legal Studies ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
Relationship Of ◽  
The Relationship

This article offers a survey of modern scholarship on the role of custom in the Islamic legal tradition. It begins with a definition of the concept of custom and also the relationship between the two Arabic terms used for custom, ‘urf and ‘ada. The relationship of custom to other terms such as sunna, ‘amal, and istihsan is also explored. The second, and main, part of the article traces the different approaches to the study of custom in Islamic legal studies and examines the development of these approaches. Four themes or debates are identified as the main contexts within which custom has been discussed: the origins of the Sunna of the Prophet and the early development of Islamic law; relationship between theory and practice; sources of Islamic law; and legal change. The article concludes with a summary and suggestions for future research.

Reviewing Engineers and Introducing Industrial Designers

2014 ◽  
pp. 111-136
Keyword(s):  
Industrial Design ◽  
Practical Knowledge ◽  
Design Activity ◽  
Theoretical Knowledge ◽  
The Core ◽  
Industrial Designers ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

Much of the analysis and argument in the first half of the book has focused more on architects than on engineers, simply because architects, with their fondness for art and imagination, often seem closer to the core of design activity and education than engineers, with their fondness for science and rationality. Moreover, industrial designers have not entered the discussion at all. Therefore, a review of the argument with a focus on both engineering and industrial design seems useful at this point. It is also time to look more closely at the relationship between imagination and rationality, since a full illumination of that relationship in regard to design is the ultimate aim of this entire project, culminating in Chapter 10. The key to achieving this understanding is Aristotle, who, it must be remembered, offered the first definition of design as techne, or knowledge gained by doing – as opposed to episteme, or knowledge gained by thinking. Aristotle also called this distinction practical knowledge as opposed to theoretical knowledge. It should be remembered too that Aristotle regarded theoretical knowledge – of which the beauty sought by artists and the truth sought by scientists are perfect examples – as “higher” than practical knowledge, because they are manifested as universal ideas and they exist as ends in themselves. Design, as we have seen repeatedly, is concerned with physical particulars, and it is mainly utilitarian. Just the same, Aristotle stated that the practical knowledge of techne, like the theoretical knowledge of episteme, is achieved through rationality. This is where the problem occurs, as far as design is concerned.

scholarly journals On the Best Life

2011 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
pp. 2-9
Author(s):  
Chris Berger
Keyword(s):  
Political Theory ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Good Life ◽  
Theory And Practice ◽  
The Good Life ◽  
Human Being ◽  
Natural Function ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
The Relationship

In order to find a thorough treatment of the good life, arguably the subject of political science, we must have recourse to the ancients.  Aristotle directly addresses and thematizes the concept of “the good life” in his Nicomachean Ethics, wherein it is suggested that the best possible life for a human being is one that is lived in accordance with a human being’s natural function, that is, logos.  This paper implements Aristotle’s definition of the good life in order to suggest that it presents us with not merely a viable but a superior alternative to the relativistic language of “lifestyles” and “values” that dominates contemporary political theory.  This paper will first establish a framework within which the best life for a human being may be understood, then proceed to explain the inadequacy of relativism as a way of conceiving of the best life and the relationship between the best life and the best person.  The argument will conclude by making a case for the importance of the best life as a topic worthy of pursuit in both theory and practice.

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