Effect of Fiber Surface Modification with Different Functional Groups Silane Agents on Mechanical Properties of Hemps/Polypropylene Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 470 ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hong Chang Han ◽  
X. Lu Gong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Strain ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Covalent Bond ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Propyl Methacrylate ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Sem Morphology

In this paper, we firstly treated the hemp fiber with alkali solution, followed by chemical modification with silane agents: 3-(Trimethoxysilyl) propyl methacrylate (MPS), N-[3-(Trimethoxysilyl) propyaniline (PAPS) and (3-Aminopropyl) triethoxysilane (APS), respectively. These treated fibers were then blended with polypropylene (PP). SEM morphology and FT-IR spectra confirmed the successful modifications of MPS, PAPS and APS with hemp fiber. The tensile tests results showed that APS improved the mechanical properties of composite, due to the amino of APS could react with maleic anhydride forming amide covalent bond which is benefit in the stress transferring from PP matrix to fiber. In contrast, since the incompatibility of aniline with propylene, PAPS modification decreased the fracture stress composites. The existences of ester and vinyl groups in MPS contributed to the increase of composite fracture strain caused by chain slips.

The Influences of Compression Temperature on the Fiber Structure and Tensile Properties of Hemp Reinforced Polypropylene Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 1073-1076 ◽  
pp. 62-65
Author(s):  
Xiao Hui Zhang ◽  
Xiao Lu Gong ◽  
Guillaume Montay
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Marked Reduction ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Reinforced Composites ◽  
Fiber Structure ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Compression Temperature

In this work, polypropylene composites reinforced by woven hemp fiber were fabricated using compression molding. The effects of compression temperature, ranging from 160 °C to 200 oC, on the tensile properties of the resulted composites were studied. The tensile tests of neat woven hemp fiber heated under different temperatures (160-280 oC) were also performed. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) was employed to observe the fiber surface. The results showed that the tensile properties of the reinforced composites decreased with the increase of compression temperature, but a rise up to 40.31 MPa at 190 oC occurred. The tensile properties of the woven fibers decreased as the temperature increased, even a marked reduction at 220 oC. The SEM presents the fiber surface indicating the degradation of pectin or lignin on the fiber surface.

scholarly journals Improvement of Mechanical Properties of Noil Hemp Fiber Reinforced Polypropylene Composites by Resin Modification and Fiber Treatment

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zili Yan ◽  
Jianchun Zhang ◽  
Hua Zhang ◽  
Hao Wang
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Interfacial Bonding ◽  
Hydroxyethyl Cellulose ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Hydrophobically Modified ◽  
Fiber Treatment ◽  
Fibre Treatment ◽  
Adhesion Factor

The present study aims to improve the reinforcement of hemp fibre to polypropylene (PP) by simple resin modification and fibre treatment. Maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) was used as resin modifier by direct mixing with PP, and hydrophobically modified hydroxyethyl cellulose (HMHEC) was used as fibre treatment reagent by immersing fibre into its aqueous solution. The influences of fibre content, resin modification, and fibre treatment on the mechanical properties (tensile, flexural, and impact strengths) of composites were investigated. The change of interfacial bonding between fibre and resin in composites caused by MAPP and HMHEC was studied by scanning electron microscopy and dynamic mechanical analysis. Resin modification and fibre treatment were effective to enhance the mechanical properties of the composites. The improvement in interfacial bonding is quantitatively evaluated with adhesion factor.

scholarly journals Novolac/Phenol-Containing Phthalonitrile Blends: Curing Characteristics and Composite Mechanical Properties

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hanqi Zhang ◽  
Bing Wang ◽  
Yanna Wang ◽  
Heng Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Strain ◽  
Mechanical Test ◽  
Gelation Time ◽  
Mechanical Analysis ◽  
Curing Temperature ◽  
Hydroxyl Group ◽  
Rheological Analysis ◽  
Curing Characteristics ◽  
Ft Ir

The phenol-containing phthalonitrile resin is a kind of self-curing phthalonitrile resin with high-temperature resistance and excellent properties. However, the onefold phthalonitrile resin is unattainable to cured completely, and the brittleness of the cured product is non-negligible. This paper focuses on solving the above problems by blending novolac resin into phenol-containing phthalonitrile. Under the action of abundant hydroxyl group, the initial curing temperature and gelation time at 170 °C decrease by 88 °C and 2820 s, respectively, monitored by DSC and rheological analysis. FT-IR spectra of copolymers showed that the addition of novolac increased the conversion rate of nitrile. When the novolac mass fraction is 10%, the peak of nitrile group disappears, which means the complete reaction. The mechanical test of blends composites shows that the maximum fracture strain of 10 wt% novolac addition is 122% higher than those of neat phthalonitrile composites on account of the introduction of flexible novolac chain segments. The mechanical properties are sensitive to elevated post-cured temperature; this is consistent with the result of morphological investigation using SEM. Finally, the dynamic mechanical analysis indicated that the glass transition temperature heightened with the increase of novolac content and post-curing temperature.

Effects of fiber-surface modification on the properties of bamboo flour/polypropylene composites and their interfacial compatibility

2018 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 157-166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wang ◽  
Jie Dong ◽  
Jianwei Zhang ◽  
Baodong Zhu ◽  
Dongling Cui
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Stearic Acid ◽  
Alkali Treatment ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Heat Stability ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Polypropylene Composites ◽  
Interfacial Compatibility ◽  
Pp Composites ◽  
Bamboo Flour

Abstract This work aimed to study the effects of different surface treatments on the morphologies and thermo-mechanical properties of the bamboo flour/polypropylene (BF/PP) composites, which were prepared by melt blending with 15 wt% of filler load. The BF was first pretreated with 10 wt% sodium hydroxide (NaOH) solutions for 4 h, after which the pre-treated BF was modified by stearic acid and silane. The chemical structure of the treated BF fibers was characterized through Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and the results showed that alkali treatment efficiently removed hemicellulose, lignin, and pectin. Moreover, stearic acid and silane were successfully introduced to the BF surface through chemical bonding. The changes in heat stability of BF investigated by thermogravimetric analysis (TGA) revealed that the presence of treatment contributes to a better thermal stability for BF fibers. In addition, the scanning electron microscopy (SEM) observation of BF/PP composites displayed not only better dispersion of treated-BF in the polypropylene (PP) matrix, but also improved fiber-matrix interfacial compatibility, especially when silane treatment was used. Accordingly, the mechanical properties improved significantly in the presence of treated-BF.

Effects of Epoxy/SiO2 Hybrid Sizing on the Mechanical Properties of Carbon Fiber Composites

2007 ◽  
Vol 121-123 ◽  
pp. 1253-1256 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chun Hong Zhang ◽  
Z.Q. Zhang ◽  
H.L. Cao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Fiber Composites ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composites ◽  
Impact Properties ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Gel Technique ◽  
Interlaminar Shear

A novel epoxy/SiO2 hybrid sizing for carbon fiber surface was prepared through sol-gel technique, the structure of the sizing were analyzed, and the effects of the sizing on mechanical properties of carbon fiber composites were also investigated. The analyses by FT-IR and SEM indicated that epoxy/SiO2 hybrid sizing was prepared successfully, SiO2 particles dispersed in the hybrid sizing film homogeneously with nanoscale. The analyses on interlaminar shear strength (ILSS) and impact properties of composites showed that the epoxy/nano-SiO2 hybrid sizing increased ILSS and improved impact properties obviously at the same time.

Mechanical properties of vapor-grown carbon fiber composites with thermoplastic matrices

1999 ◽  
Vol 14 (7) ◽  
pp. 2871-2880 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gary G. Tibbetts ◽  
John J. McHugh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Carbon Fiber ◽  
Surface Preparation ◽  
Fiber Surface ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Injection Molding Process ◽  
Carbon Fiber Composites ◽  
Molding Process ◽  
Polypropylene Composites

This article discusses the mechanical properties of vapor-grown carbon fiber (VGCF)/nylon and VGCF/polypropylene composites. Fibers in the as-produced condition yielded composites with marginally improved mechanical properties. Microscopic examination of these composites clearly showed regions of uninfiltrated fibers, which could account for the unsatisfactory mechanical properties. The infiltration of the fibers by both polymers was improved by carefully ball milling the raw fiber so as to reduce the diameter of the fiber clumps to less than 300 μm. Properties of composites made with ball-milled material were improved in every respect. VGCF reinforcement in nylon slightly improved the tensile strength and doubled the modulus, while VGCF in polypropylene doubled the tensile strength and quadrupled the modulus compared to unreinforced material. Moreover, the composites were sufficiently improved that differences in fiber surface preparation became important. For example, air-etched fibers and fibers covered with low concentrations of aromatics produced polypropylene composites with significantly better mechanical properties than did fibers whose surfaces were heavily coated with aromatics. Both the tensile strength and the modulus of the composites fabricated with clean fibers exceeded theoretical values for composites made with fibers randomly oriented in three dimensions, indicating that the injection-molding process oriented the fibers to some extent.

scholarly journals Surface Modification of Flax Yarns by Enzymatic Treatment and Their Interfacial Adhesion with Thermoset Matrices

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. 2910
Author(s):  
Maria Carolina Seghini ◽  
Jacopo Tirillò ◽  
Maria Paola Bracciale ◽  
Fabienne Touchard ◽  
Laurence Chocinski-Arnault ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Surface Modification ◽  
Interfacial Adhesion ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Enzymatic Treatment ◽  
Enzyme Preparations ◽  
Effective Removal ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Single Yarn

The aim of this study was to assess the effects of commercially available and relatively inexpensive enzyme preparations based on endo 1,4-β-xylanase, pectinase and xyloglucanase on the thermal (TGA), morphological (SEM), chemical (FT-IR) and mechanical (single yarn tensile tests) properties of flax yarns. The preparation based on pectinase and xyloglucanase provided the best results, resulting in the effective removal of hydrophilic components such as hemicellulose and pectin, the individualization of yarns and increased thermal stability at the expense of a reduction in mechanical properties, depending on the treatment parameters. Single yarn fragmentation tests pointed out an improved interfacial adhesion after enzymatic treatment, with reduced debonding length values of 18% for an epoxy matrix and up to 36% for a vinylester resin compared to untreated flax yarns.

Effect of the Fibre Morphology and Aging Conditions on the Mechanical Properties of Hemp Fibers

2011 ◽  
Vol 418-420 ◽  
pp. 270-273 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abel Cherouat ◽  
Xiao Lu Gong ◽  
Florent Ilczyszyn ◽  
Shuai Jin ◽  
Guillaume Montay
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Young Modulus ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Hemp Fiber ◽  
Hemp Fibers ◽  
Hemp Fibre ◽  
3D Cad ◽  
Aging Conditions ◽  
Fibre Morphology

In this study, digital treatment method was developed in order to reconstruction of the 3D CAD of hemp fibre geometry. The influence of each aging condition (moisture, heat and UV aging) on the mechanical properties of hemp fiber is investigated by micro tensile tests. Different hemp fibre morphologies was presented and discussed. The results showed a high impact of the hemp fibre morphology on their mechanical properties (Young modulus, maximum stress and failure strain). The influence of aging conditions on the mechanical properties of hemp fibers is also investigated.

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