Cost, Efficiency and Hygiene - Three Reflections on Green Building

2014 ◽  
Vol 587-589 ◽  
pp. 203-207 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Wen Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cost Efficiency ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Evaluation Criteria ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Design Requirements ◽  
The Cost

Based on the design status of green building in China, this paper delivers reflections on the green building about its the meanings, evaluation criteria and design requirements from three aspects: the cost, efficiency and hygiene. It also points out the importance of the concepts of “the intelligent integration of green" and "life cycle cost" in the design of green building as well as explores the design method of green building in Chinese traditional residences from the angle of low technology and hygienic city.

Research on Life Cycle Cost Modular Evaluation System of Green Building Materials: Based on Entropy Decision Making Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 798-799 ◽  
pp. 1152-1157
Author(s):  
Wei Yi He ◽  
Fan Rui Meng ◽  
Xi Zhen Gao ◽  
Zhuo Wei Li ◽  
Ke Li
Keyword(s):  
Decision Making ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Evaluation System ◽  
Building Materials ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Remarkable Difference ◽  
Green Building Materials ◽  
Set Up ◽  
The Cost

Chinese urbanization is developing rapidly; green building materials need an evaluation system to overcome the cost disadvantage that compared with the normal building materials. The life cycle cost (LCC) of the green building materials is the remarkable difference and also advantages in contrast to the normal building materials. An LCC evaluation system for green building materials has been set up by 4 modules; it is the first step to develop the evaluation software. To find an optimal design scheme, the entropy decision making method was used to support the decision maker to compare the different design schemes, and to calculate the best material selected scheme.

scholarly journals Optimal Renovation Strategies through Life-Cycle Analysis in a Pilot Building Located in a Mild Mediterranean Climate

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 1423
Author(s):  
José Manuel Salmerón Lissen ◽  
Cristina Isabel Jareño Escudero ◽  
Francisco José Sánchez de la Flor ◽  
Miriam Navarro Escudero ◽  
Theoni Karlessi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Mediterranean Climate ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Economic Life ◽  
Hot Water ◽  
Optimal Solutions ◽  
Building Stock ◽  
Existing Building ◽  
The Cost

The 2030 climate and energy framework includes EU-wide targets and policy objectives for the period 2021–2030 of (1) at least 55% cuts in greenhouse gas emissions (from 1990 levels); (2) at least 32% share for renewable energy; and (3) at least 32.5% improvement in energy efficiency. In this context, the methodology of the cost-optimal level from the life-cycle cost approach has been applied to calculate the cost of renovating the existing building stock in Europe. The aim of this research is to analyze a pilot building using the cost-optimal methodology to determine the renovation measures that lead to the lowest life-cycle cost during the estimated economic life of the building. The case under study is an apartment building located in a mild Mediterranean climate (Castellon, SP). A package of 12 optimal solutions has been obtained to show the importance of the choice of the elements and systems for renovating building envelopes and how energy and economic aspects influence this choice. Simulations have shown that these packages of optimal solutions (different configurations for the building envelope, thermal bridges, airtightness and ventilation, and domestic hot water production systems) can provide savings in the primary energy consumption of up to 60%.

Design for Product Variety: Key to Product Line Structuring

1995 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kosuke Ishii ◽  
Cheryl Juengel ◽  
C. Fritz Eubanks
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Life Cycle ◽  
Manufacturing Process ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Manufacturing System ◽  
Product Variety ◽  
Product Line ◽  
Customer Preference ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Structure Graph

Abstract This study develops a method to capture the broadest customer preference in a product line while minimizing the life-cycle cost of providing variety. The paper begins with an overview of product variety and its importance in overhead costs: supply chain, equipment and tooling, service, and recycling. After defining the product structure graph as a representation of variety, the paper introduces an approximate measure for the customer importance and life-cycle cost of product variety The cost measure utilizes the concept of late point identification which urges standardization early in the manufacturing process and differentiation at the end of the process. The variety importance-cost map allows engineers to identify cost drivers in the design of the product or the manufacturing system and seek improvements. The refrigerator door example illustrates the concept. On-going work seeks to validate and enhance the method with several companies from different industries.

Durability design of composite bridges with given life in seasonal freezing region

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuefei Shi ◽  
Qi Xu
Keyword(s):  
Service Life ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Mechanical Performance ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Protective Layer ◽  
Highway Bridges ◽  
Seasonal Freezing ◽  
Durability Design ◽  
Composite Bridges ◽  
Design Requirements

<p>Steel-concrete composite bridges are currently widely used in highway bridges in China. To reduce durability problems in seasonal freezing region, a design method with given service life is used. The service life is given on the basis of the environment condition and design requirements; then the structural design and safety analysis are carried out, and the durability design and analysis of the structural components are conducted. With the consideration of the mechanical performance, construction convenience and life-cycle cost, the structural scheme for bridges using twin-I girders, cross beams and precast full-width deck is recommended. Weather resistant steel is recommended to be used in nonmarine seasonal freezing regions with stabilization treatment, waterproof and drainage design, local anti-corrosion coating. Finally, a design process considering material, protective layer thickness and construction control is proposed to improve concrete deck durability.</p>

A Study of Life Cycle Costing in the Perspectives of Research and Commercial Applications in the 21st Century

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wai M. Cheung ◽  
Linda B. Newnes ◽  
Antony R. Mileham ◽  
Robert Marsh ◽  
John D. Lanham
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Academic Research ◽  
Life Cycle Costing ◽  
Electronic Products ◽  
Commercial Applications ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Traditional Approaches

This paper presents a review of research in the area of life cycle costing and offers a critique of current commercial cost estimation systems. The focus of the review is on relevant academic research on life cycle cost from 2000 onwards. In addition to this a comparison of the current cost estimation systems is presented. Using the review findings and industrial investigations as a base, a set of mathematical representations for design and manufacturing costs and the introduction of the critical factors is proposed. These are considered in terms of the operational, maintenance and disposal costs to create a method for ascertaining the life cycle cost estimate for complex products. This is presented using as an exemplar, research currently being undertaken in the area of low volume and long life electronic products in the UK defence sector. The benefit of the method proposed is that it aims to avoid the inflexibility of traditional approaches which usually require historical and legacy data to support the cost estimation processes.

scholarly journals Engineered Resilient System Life Cycle Costing Model

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 149-155
Author(s):  
Allen Blash ◽  
William Butler ◽  
Lindy Clark ◽  
Kyle Fleming ◽  
LTC Jennifer Kasker
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Defense Spending ◽  
Analysis Tool ◽  
Defense Acquisition ◽  
Cost Estimating ◽  
Tracked Vehicles ◽  
Test And Evaluation ◽  
System Life ◽  
The Cost

In order to make the best use of the defense spending budget, it is critical that the Department of Defense (DoD) accurately predict the Research, Development, Test and Evaluation (RDT&E), Procurement, and Operation and Support (O&S) costs down to the third level of the Work Breakdown Structure for Major Defense Acquisition Project (MDAP) wheeled or tracked vehicles. This research utilizes historical data, extracted from government databases, to develop cost estimating relationships (CERs) that predict the life cycle cost of wheeled and tracked vehicles based on attributes. This research can also be leveraged for defense acquisition programs across the DoD portfolio. The model will be integrated into a tradespace analysis tool, ERS & CREATE-GV, which was developed by ERDC to predict the cost of each alternative created in the tradespace.

scholarly journals Economic Analysis for Setting Appropriate Repair Cycles on the Fixed Materials and Facilities in the Public Rental Housing

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sung-Min Choi ◽  
Yeon-Sil Lee
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Economic Analysis ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Rental Housing ◽  
The Public ◽  
Public Rental Housing ◽  
Maintenance Cycle ◽  
Minimum Age ◽  
Optimal Maintenance ◽  
The Cost

Currently, repair and maintenance cycles that follow the completion of construction facilities lead to the necessitation of subsequent data on the analysis of study and plan for maintenance. As such, an index of evaluation was drafted and a plan of maintenance cycle was computed using the investigation data derived from surveying target housing units in permanent rental environmental conditions, with a minimum age of 20 years, and their maintenance history. Optimal maintenance and replacement methods were proposed based on this data. Economic analysis was conducted through the Risk-Weighted Life Cycle Cost (RWLCC) method in order to determine the cost analysis of maintenance life cycle methods used for repair. Current maintenance cycle methods that have been used for 20 years were also compared with alternative maintenance cycles.

scholarly journals BIM-VE-Based Optimization of Green Building Envelope from the Perspective of both Energy Saving and Life Cycle Cost

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (19) ◽  
pp. 7862
Author(s):  
Zhenmin Yuan ◽  
Jianliang Zhou ◽  
Yaning Qiao ◽  
Yadi Zhang ◽  
Dandan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Energy Saving ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Architectural Design ◽  
Green Building ◽  
Building Energy ◽  
Green Buildings ◽  
Building Envelope ◽  
Analysis Model ◽  
Mathematical Formula

In the context of the increasingly severe energy crisis and global warming, green buildings and their energy-saving issues are being paid more attention in the world. Since envelope optimization can significantly reduce the energy consumption of green buildings, value engineering (VE) technology and building information modeling (BIM) technology are used to optimize the envelope of green buildings, which takes into account both energy saving and life cycle cost. The theoretical framework of optimization for green building envelope based on BIM-VE is proposed, including a BIM model for architecture, a life cycle cost analysis model, energy-saving analysis model, and a value analysis model. In the life-cycle cost model, a mathematical formula for the life-cycle cost is established, and BIM technology is used to generate a bill of quantity. In the energy-saving analysis model, a mathematical formula for energy saving is established, and BIM technology is used for the building energy simulation. In the scheme decision-making sub-model, VE technology integrating life cycle cost with energy saving is used to assess the envelope schemes and select the optimal one. A prefabricated project case is used to simulate and test the established methodology. The important results show that the 16 envelope schemes make the 16 corresponding designed buildings meet the green building evaluation standards, and the optimal envelope scheme is the “energy-saving and anti-theft door + exterior window 2+ floor 1+ exterior wall 1 + inner shear wall + inner partition wall 2 + planted roof” with the value 10.80 × 10−2 MW·h/ten thousand yuan. A significant finding is that the value generally rises with the increase of energy-saving rate while the life cycle cost is irregular with the increase of energy-saving rate. Compared with previous efforts in the literature, this study introduces VE technology into architectural design to further expand the current boundary of building energy-saving theory. The findings and suggestions will provide a valuable reference and guidance for the architectural design industry to optimize the envelope of green buildings from the perspective of both energy saving and life cycle cost.

Life Cycle Costing of Simulated vs Actual Equipment for Intermediate Maintenance Training

1978 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
pp. 267-271
Author(s):  
F. Thomas Eggemeier ◽  
Gary A. Klein
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Initial Phase ◽  
Life Cycle Costing ◽  
Intermediate Level ◽  
Training Device ◽  
Major Purpose ◽  
Maintenance Costs ◽  
Actual Equipment ◽  
The Cost

Life cycle cost estimates of training equipment for F-16 Avionics Intermediate Station personnel were developed. The major purpose was to compare the cost of intermediate level maintenance training when conducted on simulated vs actual avionics test equipment. This was the initial phase of a planned two-part effort. The analysis was therefore limited to estimates of training device acquisition and maintenance costs. Total estimated fifteen year costs for simulated equipment trainers were approximately 50% less than comparable estimates for actual equipment trainers.

Life Cycle Cost Modeling of Pumps Using an Activity Based Costing Methodology

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Laxman Yadu Waghmode ◽  
Anil Dattatraya Sahasrabudhe
Keyword(s):  
Life Cycle ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Product Life Cycle ◽  
Business Environment ◽  
Life Cycle Costing ◽  
Activity Based Costing ◽  
Global Business ◽  
Product Life ◽  
Traditional Costing ◽  
The Cost

In order to survive in today’s competitive global business environment, implementation of life cycle costing methodology with a greater emphasis on cost control could be one of the convincing approaches for the manufacturing firms. The product life cycle costing approach can help track and analyse the cost implications associated with each phase of product life cycle. Life cycle costing (LCC) practices with traditional costing methods may provide results that have a severe deviation from the real product LCC as it focuses on the cost of materials, labor and a low portion of overheads apportioned by the absorption rate to the product. Activity based costing (ABC) has emerged as one of the several innovative and more accurate costing methods in recent years. It is based on the principle that products or services consume activities and activities consume resources that generate costs. Thus, the ABC system focuses on calculating the costs incurred on performing the activities to manufacture a product. This paper presents a LCC modeling approach for estimating life cycle cost of pumps using activity based costing method. The study was conducted in a large pump manufacturing company from India that has significant global standing within its industry. Firstly, all the activities and cost drivers associated with the life cycle of a pump have been identified. A methodology for LCC analysis using ABC is then developed and it is applied to two different pumps manufactured by the same industry and the results obtained are presented.

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