Effect of Superficial Gas Velocity on the Separation Efficiency of Inline Horizontal Swirl Tube Separator

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 566-569
Author(s):  
Nurhayati Mellon ◽  
Mohd Shariff Azmi
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Centrifugal Force ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Fluid Velocity ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
Liquid Load ◽  
Superficial Gas Velocity

The use of compact, inline separator has gain interest in the effort of reducing the size of topside facilities to reduce the capital cost associated with natural gas exploration. This paper discusses the effect of superficial gas velocity on the separation performance of an inline horizontal swirl tube separator. In this study, the superficial velocity is varied from a minimum of 5 m/s up to a maximum velocity of 12 m/s at different operating pressure. The pressure is varied from 40, 50 and 60 bars, corresponding to different centrifugal force on the incoming gas stream. Results shows that the best separation performance is achieve at higher operating pressure, in this case at 60 bar, regardless of the incoming fluid velocity and liquid load (of up to 30% by mass).

scholarly journals Latest Development on Membrane Fabrication for Natural Gas Purification: A Review

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dzeti Farhah Mohshim ◽  
Hilmi bin Mukhtar ◽  
Zakaria Man ◽  
Rizwan Nasir
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Gas Separation ◽  
Membrane Technology ◽  
Polymeric Membrane ◽  
Mixed Matrix Membrane ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Inorganic Membranes ◽  
Support Materials ◽  
Interesting Approach

In the last few decades, membrane technology has been a great attention for gas separation technology especially for natural gas sweetening. The intrinsic character of membranes makes them fit for process escalation, and this versatility could be the significant factor to induce membrane technology in most gas separation areas. Membranes were synthesized with various materials which depended on the applications. The fabrication of polymeric membrane was one of the fastest growing fields of membrane technology. However, polymeric membranes could not meet the separation performances required especially in high operating pressure due to deficiencies problem. The chemistry and structure of support materials like inorganic membranes were also one of the focus areas when inorganic membranes showed some positive results towards gas separation. However, the materials are somewhat lacking to meet the separation performance requirement. Mixed matrix membrane (MMM) which is comprising polymeric and inorganic membranes presents an interesting approach for enhancing the separation performance. Nevertheless, MMM is yet to be commercialized as the material combinations are still in the research stage. This paper highlights the potential promising areas of research in gas separation by taking into account the material selections and the addition of a third component for conventional MMM.

scholarly journals Gas–liquid mass transfer using advanced optical probe in a mimicked FT slurry bubble column

2020 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lu Han ◽  
Premkumar Kamalanathan ◽  
Muthanna H. Al-Dahhan
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Mass Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Bubble Column ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
Liquid Phase Mass Transfer ◽  
Solids Loading ◽  
Superficial Gas Velocity ◽  
Reactor Models

AbstractGas-liquid volumetric liquid-phase mass transfer coefficient (kLa) was studied in a slurry bubble column at the conditions mimicking Fischer–Tropsch synthesis. To avoid the hydrodynamic disturbances due to the gas switching, oxygen enriched air dynamic absorption method was used. Influence of reactor models (CSTR, ADM and RCFD) on the volumetric mass transfer coefficient was investigated. Effect of operating pressure, superficial gas velocity and solids loading were investigated. From the reactor models investigated, it is recommended to use ADM model for kLa study. If the CSTR model is used, applicability of the model should be checked. With increase in the superficial gas velocity and operating pressure, volumetric liquid-phase mass transfer coefficient increases, while it decreases with the solids loading corroborating with the literature.

Evaluation of Maximum Velocity Limit Criteria in High Pressure Natural Gas Systems

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Hartloper ◽  
K. K. Botros ◽  
L. Jensen ◽  
A. Tse
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Pressure Loss ◽  
Pipe Wall ◽  
Acoustic Noise ◽  
Maximum Velocity ◽  
Side Branch ◽  
Limiting Factors ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
Separation Equipment

In the gas transmission industry, standards such as API 14E, IGEM/TD/1 and IGEM/TD/13 limit the maximum velocity through existing pipeline and measurement facilities. However, in these standards it is unclear what the consequences of exceeding the velocity limits are. In this paper, six potential velocity limiting factors were identified: pressure loss, flow generated pulsations, pipe-wall erosion, audible noise, acoustic-noise-induced fatigue and filtration/separation equipment. These six factors were evaluated in the context of velocity increases through a case study meter station on the TransCanada pipeline in Ontario. It is found that, generally, side-branch generated pulsations and audible noise are the most limiting factors to increases in velocity, while the pressure loss across the meter station and filtration/separation equipment compatibility should be considered when increasing gas velocity. Pipe-wall erosion and acoustic-noise-induced fatigue should not be a concern when increasing the gas velocity, particularly for typical natural gas that complies with applicable pipeline specifications. For the case study meter station in its normal operating configuration, increases up to two times the current highest flow rate through the meter station show no major concerns, even though the gas velocity exceeds the limits imposed by the above-mentioned standards at most locations throughout the meter station.

scholarly journals Efficiency Separation Process of H2/CO2/CH4 Mixtures by a Hollow Fiber Dual Membrane Separator

Processes ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 560 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu Xiao ◽  
Pei Gao ◽  
Yan Dai ◽  
Xuehua Ruan ◽  
Xiaobin Jiang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hollow Fiber ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Operating Temperature ◽  
Gas Permeation ◽  
Area Ratio ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Membrane Area ◽  
Membrane Separator

Hydrogen purification and CO2 capture are of great significance in refineries and pre-combustion power plants. A dual membrane separator offers an alternative approach for improving H2/CO2 separation efficiency. In this work, H2/CO2/CH4 ternary gas mixtures separation can be achieved by a dual membrane separator with an integrated polyimide (PI) membrane and polydimethylsiloxane/polyetherimide (PDMS/PEI) composite membrane. A hollow fiber dual membrane separation equipment is designed and manufactured. Through the self-designed device, the effects of stage cut, operating temperature, operating pressure, and membrane area ratio on separation performance of dual membrane separator have been studied. The results indicate that, at a high stage cut, a dual membrane separator has obvious advantages over a single membrane separator. Operating temperature has a significant impact on gas permeation rates. At 25 °C, a dual membrane separator can obtain the highest purity of H2 and CO2. By increasing operating pressure, the purity and recovery of H2 and CO2 can be improved simultaneously. The effect of the membrane area ratio on the performance of the dual membrane separator was studied. When the permeate flows of two membranes are approximately equal by changing the membrane area ratio, the overall performance of the dual membrane separator is the best. On the basis of its synergy in promoting separation, the dual membrane separator holds great industrial application potential.

Distribution of velocity components and liquid holdup in short vertical tubes with swirl bodies in the inlet part of the tube at cocurrent gas-liquid flow

1982 ◽  
Vol 47 (5) ◽  
pp. 1470-1478
Author(s):  
Kurt Winkler ◽  
František Kaštánek
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Flow ◽  
Tangential Velocity ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
Blade Angle ◽  
Liquid Holdup ◽  
Friction Factors ◽  
Liquid Load ◽  
Gas Liquid Flow ◽  
Superficial Gas Velocity ◽  
Vertical Tubes

The axial and tangential velocity components and local liquid holdup rates have been measured in vertical tubes with swirl bodies located in the inlet part of the tube. The tubes were of 70 mm I.D. and H/D = 10-23. The air-water flow was directed upward. Superficial gas velocity was wG = 14-35 m s-1 and specific liquid load QLE = 15-65 m3 m-2 h-1. In the experiments, the blade angle of the swirl body and the liquid inlet have been altered. The resulting centrifugal moments were correlated with friction factors.

scholarly journals Study on Supersonic Dehydration Efficiency of High Pressure Natural Gas

2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 488
Author(s):  
Zhenya Duan ◽  
Zhiwei Ma ◽  
Ying Guo ◽  
Junmei Zhang ◽  
Shujie Sun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Natural Gas ◽  
Laval Nozzle ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Particle Model ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Cyclone Separator ◽  
Centrifugal Effect ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Swirl Intensity ◽  
Discrete Particle Model

Supersonic cyclone separator is a novel type of natural gas dewatering device that overcomes the shortcomings of traditional dewatering methods. In order to investigate the factors affecting the separation efficiency and improve the separation performance of the supersonic cyclone separator, the discrete particle model was employed in numerical calculation. On the basis of an accurate numerical model, the flow field of supersonic cyclone separator was analyzed, the trajectories of droplets were predicted, and the factors affecting the separation efficiency of droplets were investigated. The numerical results indicated that Laval nozzle could provide the necessary conditions for the condensation of water vapor. The swirler can throw droplets onto the wall or into the separator, both of which are foundations for realizing the separation of droplets. Droplets had three typical trajectories affected by centrifugal effect and inertia effect. The existence of a shock wave increases the swirl intensity of droplets, which is conducive to the separation of droplets. The diameter of droplets should be increased as much as possible in order to improve separation efficiency, and the gas–liquid area ratio should be about 45.25%, and the number of vanes should be 10.

scholarly journals Simulation Study on Gas Holdup of Large and Small Bubbles in a High Pressure Gas–Liquid Bubble Column

Processes ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (9) ◽  
pp. 594 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fangfang Tao ◽  
Shanglei Ning ◽  
Bo Zhang ◽  
Haibo Jin ◽  
Guangxiang He
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
High Pressure ◽  
Bubble Column ◽  
Bubble Diameter ◽  
Gas Holdup ◽  
Operating Pressure ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
Superficial Gas Velocity ◽  
Critical Bubble ◽  
Small Bubbles

The computational fluid dynamics-population balance model (CFD-PBM) has been presented and used to evaluate the bubble behavior in a large-scale high pressure bubble column with an inner diameter of 300 mm and a height of 6600 mm. In the heterogeneous flow regime, bubbles can be divided into “large bubbles” and “small bubbles” by a critical bubble diameter dc. In this study, large and small bubbles were classified according to different slopes in the experiment only by the method of dynamic gas disengagement, the critical bubble diameter was determined to be 7 mm by the experimental results and the simulation values. In addition, the effects of superficial gas velocity, operating pressure, surface tension and viscosity on gas holdup of large and small bubbles in gas–liquid two-phase flow were investigated using a CFD-PBM coupling model. The results show that the gas holdup of small and large bubbles increases rapidly with the increase of superficial gas velocity. With the increase of pressure, the gas holdup of small bubbles increases significantly, and the gas holdup of large bubbles increase slightly. Under the same superficial gas velocity, the gas holdup of large bubbles increases with the decrease of viscosity and the decrease of surface tension, but the gas holdup of small bubbles increases significantly. The simulated values of the coupled model have a good agreement with the experimental values, which can be applied to the parameter estimation of the high pressure bubble column system.

Field testing CFD-based predictions of storage chamber gross solids separation efficiency

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (9) ◽  
pp. 161-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Virginia R. Stovin ◽  
Adrian J. Saul ◽  
Andrew Drinkwater ◽  
Ian Clifforde
Keyword(s):  
Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Computational Fluid Dynamics ◽  
Settling Velocity ◽  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Flow Patterns ◽  
Total Efficiency ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Storage Chamber ◽  
Solids Separation ◽  
Simulated Flow

The use of computational fluid dynamics-based techniques for predicting the gross solids and finely suspended solids separation performance of structures within urban drainage systems is becoming well established. This paper compares the result of simulated flow patterns and gross solids separation predictions with field measurements made in a full size storage chamber. The gross solids retention efficiency was measured for six different storage chambers in the field and simulations of these chambers were undertaken using the Fluent computational fluid dynamics software. Differences between the observed and simulated flow patterns are discussed. The simulated flow fields were used to estimate chamber efficiency using particle tracking. Efficiency results are presented as efficiency cusps, with efficiency plotted as a function of settling velocity. The cusp represents a range of efficiency values, and approaches to the estimation of an overall efficiency value from these cusps are briefly discussed. Estimates of total efficiency based on the observed settling velocity distribution differed from the measured values by an average of ±17%. However, estimates of steady flow efficiency were consistently higher than the observed values. The simulated efficiencies agreed with the field observations in identifying the most efficient configuration.

Miscible blend polyethersulfone/polyimide asymmetric membrane crosslinked with 1,3-diaminopropane for hydrogen separation

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nur’ Adilah Abdul Nasir ◽  
Ameen Gabr Ahmed Alshaghdari ◽  
Mohd Usman Mohd Junaidi ◽  
Nur Awanis Hashim ◽  
Mohamad Fairus Rabuni ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Separation Efficiency ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Gas Permeation ◽  
Separation Performance ◽  
Membrane Composition ◽  
Asymmetric Membrane ◽  
Wet Phase Inversion ◽  
Pair Performance ◽  
Improved Performance ◽  
Physical And Chemical

Abstract Efficient purification technology is crucial to fully utilize hydrogen (H2) as the next generation fuel source. Polyimide (PI) membranes have been intensively applied for H2 purification but its current separation performance of neat PI membranes is insufficient to fulfill industrial demand. This study employs blending and crosslinking modification simultaneously to enhance the separation efficiency of a membrane. Polyethersulfone (PES) and Co-PI (P84) blend asymmetric membranes have been prepared via dry–wet phase inversion with three different ratios. Pure H2 and carbon dioxide (CO2) gas permeation are conducted on the polymer blends to find the best formulation for membrane composition for effective H2 purification. Next, the membrane with the best blending ratio is chemically modified using 1,3-diaminopropane (PDA) with variable reaction time. Physical and chemical characterization of all membranes was evaluated using field emission scanning electron microscope (FESEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR). Upon 15 min modification, the polymer membrane achieved an improvement on H2/CO2 selectivity by 88.9%. Moreover, similar membrane has demonstrated the best performance as it has surpassed Robeson’s upper bound curve for H2/CO2 gas pair performance. Therefore, this finding is significant towards the development of H2-selective membranes with improved performance.

scholarly journals Hydrodynamics and Mass Transfer in a Concentric Internal Jet-Loop Airlift Bioreactor Equipped with a Deflector

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4329
Author(s):  
Radek Šulc ◽  
Jan Dymák
Keyword(s):  
Mass Transfer ◽  
Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Mass Transfer Coefficient ◽  
Liquid System ◽  
Gas Holdup ◽  
Gas Velocity ◽  
Liquid Phase Mass Transfer ◽  
Homogenization Time ◽  
Standard Design ◽  
Superficial Gas Velocity

The gas–liquid hydrodynamics and mass transfer were studied in a concentric tube internal jet-loop airlift reactor with a conical bottom. Comparing with a standard design, the gas separator was equipped with an adjustable deflector placed above the riser. The effect of riser superficial gas velocity uSGR on the total gas holdup εGT, homogenization time tH, and overall volumetric liquid-phase mass transfer coefficient kLa was investigated in a laboratory bioreactor, of 300 mm in inner diameter, in a two-phase air–water system and three-phase air–water–PVC–particle system with the volumetric solid fraction of 1% for various deflector clearances. The airlift was operated in the range of riser superficial gas velocity from 0.011 to 0.045 m/s. For the gas–liquid system, when reducing the deflector clearance, the total gas holdup decreased, the homogenization time increased twice compared to the highest deflector clearance tested, and the overall volumetric mass transfer coefficient slightly increased by 10–17%. The presence of a solid phase shortened the homogenization time, especially for lower uSGR and deflector clearance, and reduced the mass transfer coefficient by 15–35%. Compared to the gas–liquid system, the noticeable effect of deflector clearance was found for the kLa coefficient, which was found approx. 20–29% higher for the lowest tested deflector clearance.

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