Three Dimensional Simulation of Air Bleed Duct under Deep Drawing of Ti 6Al-6V-2SN

2015 ◽  
Vol 766-767 ◽  
pp. 1050-1054
Author(s):  
P. Gunasekar
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Extreme Temperature ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Maintenance Cost ◽  
Climate Control ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Dimensional Simulation

Deep drawing is the compression-tension forming process which has been around for a long time. This is a cheap and cost effective process. This paper investigates the manufacturing of the air bleed duct under deep drawing with the velocity of 7 inches/second. Bleed air is compressed air taken from aircraft turbine engines for cabin climate control and systems such as de-icing equipment and also used in after burners. Bleed air duct used to operate the control of air flow to the cabin and powerplant. Bleed air possesses high temperature and high pressure, hence the quality of the duct should be strong enough to withstand them. In general air bleed duct made of titanium alloys under forming process with low strength, which causes the failure and replacement of air bleed duct when they expose to extreme temperature cases. The deep forming process will increase the strength of the bleed duct which reduces the replacement of air duct periodically and reduces the maintenance cost of the aircraft. In addition this paper provides the stress and strain energy data in order to understand the mechanical behavior of titanium alloy when they undergo high pressure blank process.

Study of Different Dispensing Patterns of No-Flow Underfill Using Numerical and Experimental Methods

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Muhammad Naqib Nashrudin ◽  
Mohamad Aizat Abas ◽  
Mohd Z. Abdullah ◽  
M. Yusuf Tura Ali ◽  
Zambri Samsudin
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Void Formation ◽  
Velocity Flow ◽  
Incomplete Filling ◽  
Underfill Flow ◽  
Dimensional Simulation ◽  
Volume Method ◽  
Capillary Underfill ◽  
Good Agreement

Abstract The conventional capillary underfill process has been a common practice in the industry, somehow the process is costly and time consuming. Thus, no-flow underfill process is developed to increase the effective lead time production since it integrates the simultaneous reflow and cure of the solder interconnect and underfill. This paper investigates the effect of different dispense patterns of no-flow underfill process by mean of numerical and experimental method. Finite volume method (FVM) was used for the three-dimensional simulation to simulate the compression flow of the no-flow underfill. Experiments were carried out to complement the simulation validity and the results from both studies have reached a good agreement. The findings show that of all three types of dispense patterns, the combined shape dispense pattern shows better chip filling capability. The dot pattern has the highest velocity and pressure distribution with values of 0.0172 m/s and 813 Pa, respectively. The high-pressure region is concentrated at the center of the chip and decreases out towards the edge. Low in pressure and velocity flow factor somehow lead to issue associated to possibility of incomplete filling or void formation. Dot dispense pattern shows less void formation since it produces high pressure underfill flow within the BGA. This paper provides reliable insight to the industry to choose the best dispense pattern of recently favorable no-flow underfill process.

scholarly journals A THREE-DIMENSIONAL SIMULATION AND VISUALIZATION SYSTEM FOR UAV PHOTOGRAMMETRY

2017 ◽  
Vol XLII-2/W6 ◽  
pp. 217-222 ◽  
Author(s):  
Y. Liang ◽  
Y. Qu ◽  
T. Cui
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Wind Condition ◽  
Plan Evaluation ◽  
Visualization System ◽  
Flight Plan ◽  
Aerial Photogrammetry ◽  
Dimensional Simulation

Nowadays UAVs has been widely used for large-scale surveying and mapping. Compared with manned aircraft, UAVs are more cost-effective and responsive. However, UAVs are usually more sensitive to wind condition, which greatly influences their positions and orientations. The flight height of a UAV is relative low, and the relief of the terrain may result in serious occlusions. Moreover, the observations acquired by the Position and Orientation System (POS) are usually less accurate than those acquired in manned aerial photogrammetry. All of these factors bring in uncertainties to UAV photogrammetry. To investigate these uncertainties, a three-dimensional simulation and visualization system has been developed. The system is demonstrated with flight plan evaluation, image matching, POS-supported direct georeferencing, and ortho-mosaicing. Experimental results show that the presented system is effective for flight plan evaluation. The generated image pairs are accurate and false matches can be effectively filtered. The presented system dynamically visualizes the results of direct georeferencing in three-dimensions, which is informative and effective for real-time target tracking and positioning. The dynamically generated orthomosaic can be used in emergency applications. The presented system has also been used for teaching theories and applications of UAV photogrammetry.

Case Studies and Applications of Flowforming to Aircraft Engine Component Manufacturing

2007 ◽  
Vol 344 ◽  
pp. 443-450
Author(s):  
Jean Savoie ◽  
Melinda Bissinger
Keyword(s):  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Aircraft Engine ◽  
Lead Times ◽  
Gas Generator ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Near Net Shape ◽  
Component Manufacturing ◽  
Engine Components

Aircraft engine components are assemblies of several parts that are manufactured using various processes: deep drawing and machining, among others. Deep drawing cannot control accurately wall thicknesses and is performed in numerous steps. Machining parts from solids is less and less cost effective as prices for raw materials increase. Hence, the use of near net shape manufacturing methods is becoming more appealing. An alternative forming process is here investigated: flowforming, process well adapted to axisymmetric parts. The amount of forming steps, welding and machining could be significantly reduced, reducing lead-times and manufacturing costs. Examples are presented for the forming of selected parts (gas generator cases, fan cases and diverter ducts), together with their metallurgical and mechanical properties. Flowforming, however, can only generate shells with some hollow details: most flanges, bosses, stiffeners or weld lips cannot be obtained. Hence, methods of adding material are explored.

Sheet Metal Blank Development of a Deep Drawing Fan Support Using Theoretical Rules and FEM

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pedro de Jesus Garcia Zugasti ◽  
Erick M. Salcedo Murillo ◽  
Hugo I. Medellín Castillo ◽  
Dirk Frederik De Lange ◽  
Juan Gabriel Sandoval Granja
Keyword(s):  
Sheet Metal ◽  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Design Tool ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Metal Forming Process ◽  
Production Stages ◽  
Metal Blank

Deep drawing is a cost effective sheet metal forming process to produce many industrial components. However, complex geometrical drawn parts are difficult to form due to several modes and conditions of the material flow. Commonly problems associated to the forming operation are wrinkling and tearing defects, which affect the cost and quality of the parts. Actually, there are not theoretical methods developed in the literature yet, so the trial and error method are used to reduce or eliminate the deep drawing defects or inclusive is utilized in the earlier production stages, resulting in higher costs and longer production times. This paper describe a proposed solution to reduce or eliminate the wrinkles defects on the flanges of an industrial fan support that result from applying the forming process. An analysis procedure based on the development of the correct sheet metal blank considering three different blank geometries was proposed. The analysis include the analytical methods available in the literature, the simulation with a computer program based on the Finite Element Method (FEM) and experimentation. FEM model, simulation and results, these were validated by measuring the thickness profile on the flanges of a deep drawing part, before and after the procedure implementation. The results have shown that combining both the analytical and FEM methods, were possible to know the influence degree of the sheet metal blank geometry to reduce or eliminate the wrinkle defect and these can be used as an effective design tool.

Research of Sensor Optimization Algorithm for Vibration Monitoring of Crane Structure

2013 ◽  
Vol 330 ◽  
pp. 368-372
Author(s):  
Xia Jie ◽  
Jin Hui
Keyword(s):  
Optimization Algorithm ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Structure Study ◽  
Qr Decomposition ◽  
Vibration Characteristics ◽  
Vibration Monitoring ◽  
Modal Assurance Criterion ◽  
Sensor Optimization ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Dimensional Simulation

Safety requirements for large crane become more and more rigorous, as the crane is widely used in various fields. The health monitoring technology of cranes can provide early warning and the location of damage for a long time. It has great significance that people can monitor the crane operation in real time. Thronging establishing three-dimensional simulation model, an optimization algorithm on sensor used in crane structure is introduced in this paper, which is based on algorithm of QR decomposition and Modal Assurance Criterion. Character of structure in space is considered in research. The modals of displacement were chosen on the foundation of structure vibration characteristics in different direction, so that sensor layout could not be affected by vibration characteristics of simplified modal. Under the guidance of optimization algorithm selected above, the research shows that sensor layout would be affected by optimization algorithm and modals of displacement. By choosing Structure mode shape which can reflect the real structure, study indicates that well project of sensor layout can be well provided on the basis of algorithm of QR decomposition and Modal Assurance Criterion.

scholarly journals Folded structures in modern architecture

2012 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nenad Sekularac ◽  
Jelena Ivanovic-Sekularac ◽  
Jasna Cikic-Tovarovic
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Modern Architecture ◽  
Site Development ◽  
Folded Structure ◽  
Long Time ◽  
Folded Structures ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Made In

Folded structures are three-dimensional structures - spatial structures and they belong to the structural systems. The term folded structure defines a folded form of construction, including structures derived from elements which form a folded structure by their mutual relationship in space. For very long time this type of construction has been realized in practice only in of reinforced concrete and made on site, which conditioned the use of a very complicated shell. Development of prefabricated building led to improvements of this type of construction so that the folded structures could be derived by assembly of prefabricated elements and their relationship - monolithization on site. Development of the research of folded structures, starting from their earliest days to today, followed the innovations and latest developments in terms of applied materials and methods of connection. The tendency for the cost effective and quicker construction pushed the folded structures made in reinforced concrete, and led to the construction realized in wood, steel and other modern materials that eventually experienced expansion.

Incorporation of Sheet-Forming Effects in Crash Simulations Using Ideal Forming Theory and Hybrid Membrane and Shell Method

2005 ◽  
Vol 127 (1) ◽  
pp. 182-192 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hansun Ryou ◽  
Kwansoo Chung ◽  
Jeong-Whan Yoon ◽  
Chung-Souk Han ◽  
Jae Ryoun Youn ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Kinematic Hardening ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Computation Time ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Sheet Forming ◽  
Hybrid Membrane ◽  
Forming Process ◽  
Explicit Finite Element ◽  
Hardening Law ◽  
Process Effects

In order to achieve reliable but cost-effective crash simulations of stamped parts, sheet-forming process effects were incorporated in simulations using the ideal forming theory mixed with the three-dimensional hybrid membrane and shell method, while the subsequent crash simulations were carried out using a dynamic explicit finite element code. Example solutions performed for forming and crash simulations of I- and S-shaped rails verified that the proposed approach is cost effective without sacrificing accuracy. The method required a significantly small amount of additional computation time, less than 3% for the specific examples, to incorporate sheet-forming effects into crash simulations. As for the constitutive equation, the combined isotropic-kinematic hardening law and the nonquadratic anisotropic yield stress potential as well as its conjugate strain-rate potential were used to describe the anisotropy of AA6111-T4 aluminum alloy sheets.

Three-Dimensional Simulation of Planar Solid Oxide Fuel Cell Stack

2008 ◽  
Vol 128 (2) ◽  
pp. 459-466 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yoshitaka Inui ◽  
Tadashi Tanaka ◽  
Tomoyoshi Kanno
Keyword(s):  
Fuel Cell ◽  
Solid Oxide Fuel Cell ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Solid Oxide ◽  
Oxide Fuel ◽  
Fuel Cell Stack ◽  
Dimensional Simulation
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