Biomass Production of Switchgrass in Saline-Alkali Land

2014 ◽  
Vol 1008-1009 ◽  
pp. 93-96 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ji Li Liu ◽  
Na Wu
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Ethanol Yield ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Alkali Stress ◽  
Theoretical Ethanol Yield ◽  
Biomass Increase

A field experiment was carried out to study the growth characteristics of switchgrass cultivated in saline-alkali lands. The results show that: the survival rate, plant height, tiller numbers per plant and biomass yield of switchgrass significantly reduce with the increasing magnitude of salinity-alkalinity stresses. Switchgrass can grow in saline-alkali environments, the survival rate is more than 85%, and the overwintering rate is more than 95%. Switchgrass plants grow better in mild and moderate saline-alkali lands, and it achieve the highest biomass yield and theoretical ethanol yield of 14.3 t/ha and 5958.8 l/ha respectively, in the third year. With saline-alkali stress, ash and lignin content of switchgrass biomass increase, calorific value, cellulose and hemicelluloses content of switchgrass biomass decrease, and fuel quality of switchgrass biomass reduce to a certain extent.

scholarly journals Torrefaction Treatment on Fuel Properties of Bambusa Vulgaris and Gigantochloa Scorthecinii

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (2S4) ◽  
pp. 492-494
Keyword(s):  
Growth Rate ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Fuel Properties ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Heating Value ◽  
Bambusa Vulgaris ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Fast Growth Rate

There is a great potential for bamboo to be applied as a biofuel for the future due to its good fuel properties with low alkali index and fast growth rate. Torrefaction treatment can increase the fuel quality of biomass in terms of the calorific value, energy density and storability. The aim of this research was to explore the effect of torrefaction temperature and reaction time on the fuel properties of B. vulgaris and G. scorthecinii. The bamboos were treated at various torrefaction temperatures (200, 250 and 300˚C) and reaction time (15, 30, 45 mins). In overall, the highest higher heating value was obtained from bamboos torrefied at 300ºC for 45 mins. In general, the temperature used in torrefaction has a relatively stronger effect on the higher heating value while the impact of the residence time was considerably lesser.

scholarly journals SELECTION OF FUELWOOD TREE SPECIES USING FUEL VALUE INDEX IN JHENAIDAH DISTRICT

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 18-26
Keyword(s):  
Tree Species ◽  
Leucaena Leucocephala ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Significant Negative Correlation ◽  
Ash Content ◽  
Acacia Nilotica ◽  
Tamarindus Indica ◽  
Samanea Saman

Four tree species Acacia nilotica, Samanea saman, Leucaena leucocephala, Tamarindus indica were collected from different wood vendors of Jhenidah district in Bangladesh to identify the potential fuelwood tree species through fuelwood properties. The calorific value and density of the wood considered as positive characteristics and high moisture and ash content as negative characteristics that helped develop a fuelwood value index (FVI). A 8×2×2 cmof three wood blocks were collected from each tree species in order to determine the fuelwood properties. The highest calorific value and wood density were found in Acacia nilotica and Tamarindus indica respectively but the ash content was found to be lowest in Leocoena leucocephala (1.09%) and highest in Tamarindus indica (2.21%). Moreover, the lignin content was the highest in the Acacia nilotica. According to FVI, the better quality of fuelwood species in descending order are Acacia nilotica˃ Leucaena leucocephala˃Tamarindus indica ˃Samanea saman. This study also revealed the significant negative correlation between FVI and ash content.

scholarly journals Mutu Biopelet dari Campuran Cangkang Buah Karet dan Bambu Ater (Gigantochloa atter) (The Quality of Biopellet from Rubber Seed Shell and Ater Bamboo (Gigantochloa atter))

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
I Dewa Gede Putra Prabawa ◽  
Miyono Miyono
Keyword(s):  
Alternative Energy ◽  
Lignin Content ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Rubber Seed ◽  
Mechanical Durability ◽  
Good Potential ◽  
European Standards ◽  
High Lignin Content ◽  
Main Material

Material characteristic showed that the rubber seed shell (RSS) has good potential to be used as the main material of biopellet with low ash content and high calorific value, while ater bamboo (Gigantochloa atter) has good potential to be used as biopellet additive because has high lignin content, so that it can be used as natural adhesive. The purposes of this research were to study the utilization of CBK and ater bamboo into biopellet and to analyze the quality of biopelet that has been produced. The compositions of CBK and ater bamboo were 100%:0%, 95%:5%, 90%:10%, 85%:15%, and 80%:20%. Pelletization process was done at pressure 597.24 kg/cm2, temperature 150oC, for 10 minutes. The best quality of biopellet was produced on the formulation of 85% CBK and 15% ater bamboo. It has 4.23% of moisture content; 0.84% of ash; 79.44% of volatile substances; 15.48% of fixed carbon; 4472.41 kal/g of calorific value; 8.30 mm of diameter; 32.66 mm of length; 1063.87 kg/m3 of bulk density; 91.93% of mechanical durability; 0.21% of nitrogen; 0.05% of sulphur; and chlorine content was less than 0.10 ppm. The best quality of biopellet has fulfilled the requirement of Indonesian Standards (SNI 8021: 2014), while based on European standards (EN 14961-2), biopelet had one parameter that didn’t fulfill the requirement, the mechanical durability (min. 96.5%).Keywords : Biopellet, alternative energy, rubber seed shell, ater bamboo (Gigantochloa atter)

Pengaruh ovaprim, aromatase inhibitor, dan hipofisa terhadap kualitas telur ikan Lele Dumbo (Clarias gariepinus)

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Erwin A. Aziz ◽  
Ockstan Kalesaran
Keyword(s):  
Survival Rate ◽  
Experimental Design ◽  
Aromatase Inhibitor ◽  
Fish Larvae ◽  
Clarias Gariepinus ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Hatching Eggs

This study aimed to determine the effect of ovaprim hormone, aromatase inhibitor and pituitary on the quality of the catfish eggs (Clarias gariepinus). Experimental Design used was Completely Randomized Design (CRD) with four treatments, each with three replications. Treatment A: ovaprim; treatment B: Aromatase inhibitors, treatment C: hypophysis and treatment D: Control. The results showed that the difference in treatment gave highly significant effect on fertilization and hatching eggs but no significant effect on the survival rate of larvae. Aromatase inhibitor hormone was the best because it provided highly significant effect on fertilization (92.66%), hatchability of eggs (95%), and surviva rate (81.33%) of fish larvae.   Keywords : Clarias gariepinus. Ovaprim, Aromatase Inhibitor, Hypophysis, egg, larvae

scholarly journals Outcomes of the rotating hinge knee in revision total knee arthroplasty with a median follow-up of 6.2 years

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jake von Hintze ◽  
Mika Niemeläinen ◽  
Harri Sintonen ◽  
Jyrki Nieminen ◽  
Antti Eskelinen
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Revision Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
Revision Tka

Abstract Background The purpose of this study was to determine the mid-term clinical, radiographic and health-related quality of life (HRQoL) outcomes and define the survival rate in patients who had undergone revision total knee arthroplasty (TKA) using the single rotating hinged knee (RHK) design. Methods Between January 2004 and December 2013, 125 revision TKAs were performed at our institution using the single RHK implant. We conducted both a retrospective analysis of prospectively collected outcome data of these patients and a prospective follow-up study of all 39 living patients (41 knees). The follow-up phase included an optional extra follow-up visit, PROM questionnaires, and plain radiographs. Results The ten-year Kaplan-Meier survival rate of the revision RHK knees was 81.7% (95% CI 71.9–91.6%) with re-revision for any reason as the endpoint. Overall, 15 knees (12% of the total) underwent re-revision surgery during the follow-up. The median follow-up was 6.2 years (range, 0–12.7 years) post-operatively for the baseline group. One mechanical hinge mechanism-related failure occurred without any history of trauma or infection. At the time of the final follow-up, the majority of patients evinced a fairly good clinical outcome measured with patient-reported outcome measures and none of the components were radiographically loose. Conclusion We found that in patients undergoing complex revision TKA, fairly good functional outcome and quality of life can be achieved using an RHK implant. Further, it seems that in this type of patient cohort, revision TKA using an RHK implant relieves pain more than it improves ability to function. The NexGen® RHK design can be regarded as a suitable option in complex revision TKA.

scholarly journals The impact of bronchial artery embolisation on the quality of life of patients with haemoptysis: a prospective observational study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Naoki Omachi ◽  
Hideo Ishikawa ◽  
Masahiko Hara ◽  
Takashi Nishihara ◽  
Yu Yamaguchi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Bronchial Artery ◽  
Recurrence Free Survival ◽  
Free Survival ◽  
Kaplan Meier ◽  
Procedural Success ◽  
Bronchial Artery Embolisation ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objectives Patients with haemoptysis often experience daily physical and mental impairment. Bronchial artery embolisation is among the first-line treatment options used worldwide; however, no evidence exists regarding the health-related quality of life (HRQoL) after bronchial artery embolisation. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of bronchial artery embolisation on the HRQoL of patients with haemoptysis. Methods We prospectively enrolled 61 consecutive patients who visited our hospital from July 2017 to August 2018 and received bronchial artery embolisation for haemoptysis. The primary outcome was the HRQoL evaluated using the Short Form Health Survey, which contains physical and mental components, before and after bronchial artery embolisation. The secondary outcomes were procedural success, complications, and recurrence-free survival rate at 6 months. Results The mean age of the patients was 69 years (range, 31–87 years). The procedural success rate was 98%. No major complications occurred. The recurrence-free survival rate estimated using the Kaplan-Meier analysis at 6 months after bronchial artery embolisation was 91.8% (95% confidence interval, 91.1–92.5%). Compared with the pre-treatment scores, the physical and mental scores were significantly improved at 6 months after bronchial artery embolisation (p < 0.05). Conclusion Bronchial artery embolisation improved the HRQoL of patients with haemoptysis. Key Points • Bronchial artery embolisation improved the HRQoL of patients with haemoptysis. • Vessel dilation on computed tomography and systemic artery-pulmonary artery direct shunting on angiography were the most common abnormalities. • The recurrence-free survival rate estimated using the Kaplan-Meier analysis at 6 months after bronchial artery embolisation was 91.8%.

scholarly journals Gasification of Cup Plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) Biomass–Energy Recovery and Environmental Impacts

Energies ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (18) ◽  
pp. 4960
Author(s):  
Adam Koniuszy ◽  
Małgorzata Hawrot-Paw ◽  
Cezary Podsiadło ◽  
Paweł Sędłak ◽  
Ewa Możdżer
Keyword(s):  
Environmental Impacts ◽  
Root Elongation ◽  
Biomass Yield ◽  
Plant Biomass ◽  
Liquid Waste ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Biomass Energy ◽  
Potential Hazard ◽  
Gas Generator ◽  
Phytotoxic Effect

Biomass from cup plant (Silphium perfoliatum L.) is considered a renewable energy source that can be converted into alternative fuel. Calorific syngas, a promising type of advanced fuel, can be produced through thermochemical biomass gasification. In this study, the suitability of cup plant biomass for gasification was assessed, including the process energy balance and environmental impacts of waste from syngas purification. Silphium perfoliatum L. was cultivated as a gasification feedstock in different conditions (irrigation, fertilization). The experiments were performed in a membrane gasifier. All obtained energy parameters were compared to the biomass yield per hectare. The toxic effects of liquid waste were assessed using tests analyzing germination/seed root elongation of Sinapsis alba. Leachates collected from condensation tanks of a gas generator were introduced to soil at the following doses: 100, 1000 and 10,000 mg kg−1 DM of soil. The usefulness of Silphium perfoliatum L. for gasification was confirmed. The factors of plant cultivation affected the biomass yield, the volume and calorific value of syngas and the amount of biochar. It was determined that the components found in condensates demonstrate a phytotoxic effect, restricting or inhibiting germination and root elongation of Sinapsis alba. Due to this potential hazard, the possibility of its release to the environment should be limited. Most of the biomass is only used for heating purposes, but the syngas obtained from the cup plant can be used to power cogeneration systems, which, apart from heat, also generate electricity.

scholarly journals Mini-Implant-Retained Overdentures for the Rehabilitation of Completely Edentulous Maxillae: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (8) ◽  
pp. 4377
Author(s):  
Serena Vi ◽  
Damon Pham ◽  
Yu Yian Marina Du ◽  
Himanshu Arora ◽  
Santosh Kumar Tadakamadla
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Systematic Review ◽  
Survival Rate ◽  
Data Extraction ◽  
Meta Analysis ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Implant Survival ◽  
Patient Reported ◽  
Full Text Review

Purpose: Mini-dental implants (MDIs) have been used to support and retain overdentures, providing patients with a less invasive placement procedure. Although lucrative, the use of MDIs to retain a maxillary overdenture is still not an established treatment modality. This systematic review aims to answer the question: Do mini-implant-retained maxillary overdentures provide a satisfactory treatment outcome for complete edentulism? Methods: A systematic search for relevant articles was conducted to include articles published until April 2021 in the following electronic databases: CINAHL, Cochrane, EMBASE, PubMed, and Web of Science. All empirical studies evaluating the biological, survival, or patient-reported outcomes after placing mini-implant-retained overdentures in maxilla were considered for inclusion. The risk of bias was assessed by utilizing the Joanna Briggs Institute critical appraisal checklist. Study screening and data extraction were conducted by three reviewers independently. Results: The electronic search retrieved 1276 titles after omitting duplicates. Twenty articles were considered for full-text review, of which six studies were included in this systematic review. The included studies evaluated a total of 173 participants with a mean age of 66.3 years. The overall mini-implant survival rate was 77.1% (95% CI: 64.7–89.5%) with a mean follow-up time of 1.79 years (range: 6 months to 3 years). Implant survival differed significantly when comparing complete and partial palatal coverage overdentures. Those with complete palatal coverage exhibited less bone loss overall compared to partial coverage overdentures. Participants of all studies reported an increase in the quality of life and in satisfaction after rehabilitation treatment with MDIs. Conclusions: The survival rate of mini-implants retaining an overdenture in the maxilla was observed to be lower than the values reported for traditional implants in the literature. Improvements were observed in all aspects in terms of patient satisfaction, quality of life, oromyofunction, and articulation after the treatment.

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