The Present Situation and Developing Trends of Hot Closed-Die Forging

2015 ◽  
Vol 1094 ◽  
pp. 365-368
Author(s):  
Qi Liu ◽  
Xu Guang ◽  
Shi Xuan Sun
Keyword(s):  
Machine Building ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Research Issues ◽  
Slowing Down ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Precision Forging ◽  
Die Forging ◽  
Closed Die Forging ◽  
New Ideas ◽  
New Research

Due to its advantages including high quality of the forging parts and low production costs,hot closed-die forging (HCDF) play an essential role in the machine building industry. However, in recent decades, the pace of its development is gradually slowing down. In the hope of drawing up some new ideas about future development of the HCDF, this paper presents a brief overview of it. This study roughly prospects several potential research issues of the HCDF. Some new research fields such as precision forging, combined forging and numerical simulation have been shown. Challenges and possible response to them have been discussed.

The Precision Forging Experiment of Mg Alloy Drop Forging Using Computer Simulation

2014 ◽  
Vol 1064 ◽  
pp. 175-180
Author(s):  
Mária Kapustová ◽  
Jozef Bílik
Keyword(s):  
Rapid Development ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Precision Forging ◽  
Ferrous Metals ◽  
Die Forging ◽  
Numeric Simulation ◽  
Closed Die Forging ◽  
Alloy Type ◽  
Non Ferrous Metals ◽  
Increasing Demand

Rapid development of automotive industry brings increasing demand for die forgings made from non-ferrous metals. Market economy stimulates drop forges to produce forged pieces of highest quality and dimension precision with the accent on reduction in production costs. Precision die forging without flash belongs to progressive and economical technologies of die forgings production. This paper describes an experiment of precision forging in closed die of magnesium alloy type AZ 31. Given alloy type Mg-Al-Zn is suitable for bulk forming and is characterized by good hot formability. Achieved results may be applied in practice at production of longitudinal shaped forgings e.g. levers and connecting rods. In order to verify a design of closed die forging technology regarding the lever-shaped forged piece, simulation program MSC.SuperForge was used. Numeric simulation was significantly helpful at optimization of semi-product shape and dimensions and confirmed correct plastic flow of material in closed die cavity. The objective of this contribution was to point out current trends in searching for economical measures at production of die forgings from alloys of non-ferrous metals.

An Experimental and Numerical Investigation into Forming Force Reduction in Precision Gear Forging

2014 ◽  
Vol 622-623 ◽  
pp. 165-173 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nicholas J. Politis ◽  
Denis J. Politis ◽  
Catrin Mair Davies ◽  
Jian Guo Lin ◽  
Trevor A. Dean
Keyword(s):  
Peak Load ◽  
Maximum Load ◽  
Fe Model ◽  
Precision Forging ◽  
Die Forging ◽  
Closed Die Forging ◽  
Force Reduction ◽  
Tool Set ◽  
Experimental Trials ◽  
The Cost

A significant factor in the cost of industrial machinery for precision forging is the maximum load required to fully forge the final shape of components. Typically in a precision forging process, the required load increases greatly towards the end of the stroke. This study focuses on reducing the final sharp increase in load encountered in a typical closed die forging setup. A technique of reducing the peak load in the forging of gears is proposed, named the Peripheral Relief (PR) method. A gear forging tool set has been designed and manufactured. A number of experimental trials have been performed using model materials to investigate the force reduction technique. An efficient and simplified FE model has been developed to evaluate the effects of the PR method. The experimental load characteristics are compared to the simulated results. The method has been found, both numerically and experimentally, to significantly reduce the peak load encountered at the end of the forging stroke compared to current closed die forging techniques.

Finite Element Analysis and Optimization of Deformation Behavior for Spur Gear Warm Forging Process

2010 ◽  
Vol 148-149 ◽  
pp. 854-858
Author(s):  
Shu Bo Xu ◽  
Cai Nian Jing ◽  
Ke Ke Sun ◽  
Guo Cheng Ren ◽  
Gui Qing Wang
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Spur Gear ◽  
Spur Gears ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Helical Gears ◽  
Forging Process ◽  
Precision Forging ◽  
Die Forging ◽  
Closed Die Forging ◽  
Warm Forging

Recent years have therefore seen growing interest in gear precision forging to net-shape form of forge bevel, spur and helical gears, as an alternative to conventional manufacturing. In this paper, gear precision forging processes are simulated by using metal forming finite element code DEFORM-3D. The investigations of gear precision forging processes are conducted with perform forging and final forging processes. The processes of completely closed-die forging, moving-die forging and central divided flow forging processes are investigated for spur gears. The effect of different processes on the distribution of effective stress in the workpieces and forging loads are given. The purpose of this study is to introduce a new method, a so-called floating-relief method which applied to the forging of spur gears. It indicated that the flowing properties of the gear billet have a higher improve than that of conventional forging process. And the forging load obtained by using this new precision forging technology is decline sharply. The floating-relief method for gear precision forging is a sound process in the practical application.

Bulk Deformation

2013 ◽  
pp. 103-161
Keyword(s):  
Hot Extrusion ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Ring Rolling ◽  
Cold Forging ◽  
Bulk Deformation ◽  
High Energy Rate ◽  
Precision Forging ◽  
Die Forging ◽  
Closed Die Forging ◽  
Deformation Processes

Abstract This chapter discusses bulk deformation processes and how they are used to reshape metals and refine solidification structures. It begins by describing the differences between hot and cold working along with their respective advantages. It then discusses various forging methods, including open-die and closed-die forging, hot upset and roll forging, high-energy-rate forging, ring rolling, rotary swaging, radial and orbital forging, isothermal and hot-die forging, precision forging, and cold forging. The chapter also includes information on cold and hot extrusion and drawing operations.

Corruption and anti-corruption local discourses and international practices in post-socialist Romania

Human Affairs ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Filippo Zerilli
Keyword(s):  
Cultural History ◽  
Research Literature ◽  
The European Union ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Nation States ◽  
National Heritage ◽  
New Research ◽  
Local Discourses ◽  
The Cold War

AbstractIn the past two decades academic and research literature on “corruption” has flourished. During the same period organizations and initiatives fighting against corruption have also significantly expanded, turning “anti-corruption” into a new research subject. However, despite a few exceptions there is a division of labor between scholars who study corruption itself and those who study the global anti-corruption industry. Juxtaposing corruption’s local discourses and anti-corruption international practices, this article is an attempt to bring together these two intertwined research dimensions and explore how an ethnographic approach might contribute to framing them together. Firstly, it describes how corruption in Romania is often conceptualized and explained in terms of national heritage, something related to old and recent cultural history, including traditional folklore. Secondly, it explores how anti-corruption works in practice, focusing on international legal cooperation projects monitoring the progress and shortcomings both prior to and post Romania’s accession to the European Union. Finally, revealing the articulations of these two apparently unrelated research fields, the article argues that corruption’s local explanations and the circular logic of auditing observed within the anti-corruption industry share a common developmental ideology mirroring the crypto-colonialist structure of power relations and dependency among European nation-states emerging out of the Cold War.

Exploring climate finance for tourism adaptation development: an overview

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 593-605 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daniele Vieira do Nascimento
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
English Language ◽  
Small Island ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Climate Finance ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Main Research ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
New Research

Purpose The purpose of this paper is to provide an overview of the links between climate finance and tourism adaptation development. Besides increasing adaptation and mitigation efforts to limit greenhouse gas emissions, climate change remains a major challenge in the twenty-first century and beyond especially for tourism which is highly climate sensitive. Hence, it is necessary for tourism to adapt to survive. The aim of the study is to provide a systematic overview of the topic to offer a foundation for better understanding different ways of integrating climate finance initiatives with tourism. Design/methodology/approach The research focused on the top-ranked, peer reviewed journals of each of the two selected research fields. To address this topic, an in-depth systematic literature review in the fields of climate change finance and tourism adaptation development was conducted. Furthermore, because it is a relatively new research topic, conference proceedings were also explored. To guarantee wide coverage of the literature, a query of the following scholarly databases was considered: Elsevier, ScienceDirect and Web of Science. Findings Based on the analyses of the literature available on the topic, the paper highlights the main research trends and conclusions. It is argued that there is imbalance of knowledge on climate change finance as it relates to tourism. To date, there have been relatively few published articles on this topic in the context of tourism. Based on the findings, promising areas for future research were identified, and in particular for small island communities and recommendations for future research are outlined. Research limitations/implications The paper is limited by the scope of the literature review accessed by the researcher. The results of this review may vary according to the databases used. Originality/value Currently, there is no extensive review of articles on climate finance and tourism adaptation. This paper aims at reviewing climate finance studies published in English language to explore knowledge gaps in tourism adaptation. Sets of themes being advanced are also highlighted. Recommendations for future research are provided.

Analysis of Aluminium Beam-to-Column Joints by the Component Method: Existing Studies and Research Needs

2016 ◽  
Vol 710 ◽  
pp. 409-414 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gianfranco De Matteis ◽  
Giuseppe Brando
Keyword(s):  
Current Knowledge ◽  
Component Method ◽  
The Past ◽  
Research Fields ◽  
Numerical Studies ◽  
Current State ◽  
Moment Resisting ◽  
New Research ◽  
Steel Joints

This paper aims at providing an overview on the current state of the art and on possible future developments concerning the component method implementation for the classification of beam-to-column joints belonging to aluminum moment resisting frames.After a brief discussion on the component method theoretical bases, developed in the past to give a feasible calculation procedure for steel joints, recent experimental and numerical studies, carried out for investigating some aluminum components, are presented and discussed. In particular strengths and weaknesses of the current knowledge are put into evidence, also in light of the peculiarities that make aluminum alloys different from steel. The launch of new research fields, aimed at pursuing an update of the current codes dealing with aluminum structures, is therefore proposed.

Slip Line Field Analysis of a Simple Plane Strain Closed-Die Forging

1989 ◽  
Vol 203 (2) ◽  
pp. 91-99
Author(s):  
M V Srinivas ◽  
P Alva ◽  
S K Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Velocity Field ◽  
Plane Strain ◽  
Slip Line ◽  
Field Analysis ◽  
Line Field ◽  
Slip Line Field ◽  
Die Forging ◽  
Closed Die Forging ◽  
Cavity Filling ◽  
Single Cavity

A slip line field is proposed for symmetrical single-cavity closed-die forging by rough dies. A compatible velocity field is shown to exist. Experiments were conducted using lead workpiece and rough dies. Experimentally observed flow and load were used to validate the proposed slip line field. The slip line field was used to simulate the process in the computer with the objective of studying the influence of flash geometry on cavity filling.

Three-Dimensional Analysis of Closed-Die Forging Processes: Part 1: Formulation

1989 ◽  
Vol 203 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-37 ◽  
Author(s):  
C F Lugora ◽  
A N Bramley
Keyword(s):  
Theoretical Model ◽  
Energy Dissipation ◽  
Metal Flow ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Total Rate ◽  
Die Forging ◽  
Closed Die Forging ◽  
Proposed Model ◽  
Optimum Velocity ◽  
Forging Load

In this series of papers, a theoretical model based on the upper bound elemental technique is presented for prediction of forging load and metal flow in three-dimensional closed-die forging processes. Three basic elements are introduced in order to partition a forging into simple elementary regions. An optimum velocity distribution within the forging is obtained by minimizing the total rate of energy dissipation using a simplex optimizing procedure. Applications of the proposed model are discussed in Part 2.

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