Reconstruction of Historical Timber Roofs at Žehušice Castle

2015 ◽  
Vol 1122 ◽  
pp. 19-22
Author(s):  
Rostislav Zídek ◽  
Aleš Utíkal ◽  
Ivana Utíkalová ◽  
Luděk Brdečko ◽  
Helena Brdečková
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Static Behavior ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Fungal Attack ◽  
National Heritage ◽  
Distribution Of Stresses

The paper presents some aspects of the reconstruction of timber roofs at Žehušice Castle. The roofs were built at different times and using various types of structural systems. Many timber elements of the roofs have been heavily damaged by previous unprofessional alterations to them, or, more often, by neglected maintenance and subsequent fungal attack caused by massive leaking. Because of the requirements of the National Heritage Institute it was necessary to be sensitive to the existing structures and minimize changes to them during the reconstruction of the roofs. In order to successfully achieve this, it was necessary to understand the distribution of stresses in the structure and its static behavior as well as possible. Therefore, 3D computational models were developed. On the basis of the obtained results, it was decided whether roof elements would be replaced or only parts of them. However, the informative value of relatively complicated mathematical models appeared to be limited.

Abstraction and Representational Capacity in Computational Structures

2019 ◽  
pp. 210-229
Author(s):  
Michael Weisberg
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Mathematical Structure ◽  
Narrative Form ◽  
Mathematical Structures ◽  
Computational Structure ◽  
Representational Capacity ◽  
Computational Structures

Michael Weisberg’s book Simulation and Similarity argued that although mathematical models are sometimes described in narrative form, they are best understood as interpreted mathematical structures. But how can a mathematical structure be causal, as many models described in narrative seem to be? This chapter argues that models with apparently narrative form are actually computational structures. It explores this suggestion in detail, examining what computational structure consists of, the resources it offers modelers, and why attempting to re-describe computational models as imaginary concrete systems fails even more dramatically than it does for mathematical models.

scholarly journals Modelling Animal Interactive Rhythms in Communication

2019 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
pp. 117693431882355
Author(s):  
Andrea Ravignani ◽  
Koen de Reus
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Animal Communication ◽  
Animal Experiments ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Empirical Literature ◽  
Ecological Niches ◽  
Temporal Properties ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Underlying Mechanisms

Time is one crucial dimension conveying information in animal communication. Evolution has shaped animals’ nervous systems to produce signals with temporal properties fitting their socio-ecological niches. Many quantitative models of mechanisms underlying rhythmic behaviour exist, spanning insects, crustaceans, birds, amphibians, and mammals. However, these computational and mathematical models are often presented in isolation. Here, we provide an overview of the main mathematical models employed in the study of animal rhythmic communication among conspecifics. After presenting basic definitions and mathematical formalisms, we discuss each individual model. These computational models are then compared using simulated data to uncover similarities and key differences in the underlying mechanisms found across species. Our review of the empirical literature is admittedly limited. We stress the need of using comparative computer simulations – both before and after animal experiments – to better understand animal timing in interaction. We hope this article will serve as a potential first step towards a common computational framework to describe temporal interactions in animals, including humans.

scholarly journals Image-based personalization of computational models for predicting response of high-grade glioma to chemoradiation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Hormuth ◽  
Karine A. Al Feghali ◽  
Andrew M. Elliott ◽  
Thomas E. Yankeelov ◽  
Caroline Chung
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Tumor Response ◽  
Treatment Resistance ◽  
High Grade Glioma ◽  
Information Criteria ◽  
Patient Specific ◽  
Model Parameters ◽  
High Grade ◽  
High Grade Gliomas

AbstractHigh-grade gliomas are an aggressive and invasive malignancy which are susceptible to treatment resistance due to heterogeneity in intratumoral properties such as cell proliferation and density and perfusion. Non-invasive imaging approaches can measure these properties, which can then be used to calibrate patient-specific mathematical models of tumor growth and response. We employed multiparametric magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) to identify tumor extent (via contrast-enhanced T1-weighted, and T2-FLAIR) and capture intratumoral heterogeneity in cell density (via diffusion-weighted imaging) to calibrate a family of mathematical models of chemoradiation response in nine patients with unresected or partially resected disease. The calibrated model parameters were used to forecast spatially-mapped individual tumor response at future imaging visits. We then employed the Akaike information criteria to select the most parsimonious member from the family, a novel two-species model describing the enhancing and non-enhancing components of the tumor. Using this model, we achieved low error in predictions of the enhancing volume (median: − 2.5%, interquartile range: 10.0%) and a strong correlation in total cell count (Kendall correlation coefficient 0.79) at 3-months post-treatment. These preliminary results demonstrate the plausibility of using multiparametric MRI data to inform spatially-informative, biologically-based predictive models of tumor response in the setting of clinical high-grade gliomas.

scholarly journals Review on mathematical modeling of honeybee population dynamics

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (6) ◽  
pp. 9606-9650
Author(s):  
Jun Chen ◽  
◽  
Gloria DeGrandi-Hoffman ◽  
Vardayani Ratti ◽  
Yun Kang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Modeling ◽  
Population Dynamics ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Pesticide Exposure ◽  
Colony Growth ◽  
Ecological Communities ◽  
Natural Ecosystems ◽  
Colony Losses ◽  
Honeybee Population

<abstract><p>Honeybees have an irreplaceable position in agricultural production and the stabilization of natural ecosystems. Unfortunately, honeybee populations have been declining globally. Parasites, diseases, poor nutrition, pesticides, and climate changes contribute greatly to the global crisis of honeybee colony losses. Mathematical models have been used to provide useful insights on potential factors and important processes for improving the survival rate of colonies. In this review, we present various mathematical tractable models from different aspects: 1) simple bee-only models with features such as age segmentation, food collection, and nutrient absorption; 2) models of bees with other species such as parasites and/or pathogens; and 3) models of bees affected by pesticide exposure. We aim to review those mathematical models to emphasize the power of mathematical modeling in helping us understand honeybee population dynamics and its related ecological communities. We also provide a review of computational models such as VARROAPOP and BEEHAVE that describe the bee population dynamics in environments that include factors such as temperature, rainfall, light, distance and quality of food, and their effects on colony growth and survival. In addition, we propose a future outlook on important directions regarding mathematical modeling of honeybees. We particularly encourage collaborations between mathematicians and biologists so that mathematical models could be more useful through validation with experimental data.</p></abstract>

CALCULATION OF THE PASSAGE OF FLOODS THROUGH THE WATERWORKS BALANOVSKY RESERVOIR

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
T.V. Ivankova ◽  
◽  
V.A. Volosukhin ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Surface Runoff ◽  
Maximum Rate ◽  
Hydrodynamic Modeling ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Flood Regime

The characteristic of the Crimean rivers for which the flood regime is characteristic is given. In 1974, the Balanovskoye reservoir was built on the Zuya river to meet the needs of the district's agriculture. The data on the calculation of the passage of floods through the hydroelectric Balanovsky reservoir, belonging to the II class of danger. Calibration of the maximum rate, according to the SP and 0.1% of the EAP. The assessment and 0.01% of the EAP of the flood pass by the existing structures of the hydroelectric facility was carried out. It is recommended to organize continuous observations of all parameters on the network of automatic stations, which will most fully characterize the entire situation in the basin and in its various sections, as well as provide information to a set of mathematical models for hydrodynamic modeling of surface runoff and channel runoff to intermediate branches, to assess the risks of dangerous hydrological phenomena in various parts of the basin with sufficient advance.

Agent‐Based Modeling

2009 ◽  
Author(s):  
Scott de Marchi ◽  
Scott E. Page
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Computational Methods ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Agent Based Modeling ◽  
Agent Based Models ◽  
Agent Based ◽  
Agent Interactions ◽  
Game Theoretic ◽  
Mathematical Analyses ◽  
The Stability

This article provides a discussion on agent-based modeling. Two examples that show the ability of computational methods to extend game-theoretic results are presented. It then discusses modeling agents, modeling agent interactions, and system behaviour. In addition, it describes how agent-based models differ from and complement mathematical models and concludes with some suggestions for how one might best leverage the strengths of agent-based models to advance political science. Most mathematical analyses of game-theoretic models do not look into the stability and attainability of their equilibria and would be made richer by complementing them with agent-based models that explored those properties. The ability of computational models to test the robustness of formal results would be reason alone to add them to tool kits. As a methodology, agent-based modeling should be considered as in its infancy, its enormous potential limited only by the scientific and creative talents of its practitioners.

scholarly journals Study on Axial Compressive Capacity of FRP-Confined Concrete-Filled Steel Tubes and Its Comparisons with Other Composite Structural Systems

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jun Deng ◽  
Yifeng Zheng ◽  
Yi Wang ◽  
Tonghua Liu ◽  
Hui Li
Keyword(s):  
Basalt Fiber ◽  
Fiber Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Fiber Reinforced ◽  
Steel Tubes ◽  
Axial Strength ◽  
Cfrp Sheets ◽  
Existing Structures ◽  
Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Cfst Columns

Concrete-filled steel tubular (CFST) columns have been widely used for constructions in recent decades because of their high axial strength. In CFSTs, however, steel tubes are susceptible to degradation due to corrosion, which results in the decrease of axial strength of CFSTs. To further improve the axial strength of CFST columns, carbon fiber reinforced polymer (CFRP) sheets and basalt fiber reinforced polymer (BFRP) sheets are applied to warp the CFSTs. This paper presents an experimental study on the axial compressive capacity of CFRP-confined CFSTs and BFRP-confined CFSTs, which verified the analytical model with considering the effect of concrete self-stressing. CFSTs wrapped with FRP exhibited a higher ductile behavior. Wrapping with CFRP and BFRP improves the axial compressive capacity of CFSTs by 61.4% and 17.7%, respectively. Compared with the previous composite structural systems of concrete-filled FRP tubes (CFFTs) and double-skin tubular columns (DSTCs), FRP-confined CFSTs were convenient in reinforcing existing structures because of softness of the FRP sheets. Moreover, axial compressive capacity of CFSTs wrapped with CFRP sheets was higher than CFFTs and DSTCs, while the compressive strength of DSTCs was higher than the retrofitted CFSTs.

Using Mathematical Models to Provide Reliability of Transport Facilities

2015 ◽  
Vol 1085 ◽  
pp. 507-511 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergey V. Efimenko ◽  
Alexey V. Sukhorukov ◽  
Oktyabrina V. Konyayeva
Keyword(s):  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Present Article ◽  
Environmental Effects ◽  
Material Properties ◽  
Quantitative Assessment ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Climatic Factors ◽  
Reliable Operation ◽  
Pavement Materials ◽  
Road Pavement

The present article describes the use of computational models to perform quantitative assessment of the environmental effects over the design period to ensure reliable operation of transport facilities, built with traditional materials. The peculiarities of forming moisture accumulation in road pavement materials and subgrade are given, as well as the climatic factors, which have an important role in change of the material properties of pavement.

scholarly journals Numerical Verification of the Wooden Structure of Fortified Settlement from the Early Iron Age in Biskupin

2018 ◽  
Vol 64 (4) ◽  
pp. 233-245
Author(s):  
Wojciech Terlikowski ◽  
Martyna Gregoriou-Szczepaniak ◽  
Ewa Sobczyńska ◽  
Kacper Wasilewski
Keyword(s):  
Iron Age ◽  
Numerical Models ◽  
Interdisciplinary Team ◽  
Archaeological Site ◽  
Early Iron Age ◽  
Structural Systems ◽  
Numerical Verification ◽  
University Of Technology ◽  
National Heritage ◽  
The Individual

AbstractBiskupin is one of the most recognizable archaeological site in Pola1nd and Central Europe. The origins of the excavations dates back to year 1934 and had lasted almost continuously until 1974. In the framework of the grant from the Ministry of Culture and National Heritage interdisciplinary team of scientists from Archaeological Museum in Biskupin and Warsaw University of Technology performed multi-dimensional analysis of the settlement. Based on the integrated vector documentation, resulting from the photographic documentation, numerical models of structural systems of main types of buildings and defensive rampart were prepared. The aim of the analysis was a verification of the earlier findings of archaeological and architectural researches. The analysis allowed to verify both the arrangement of individual parts of structure of buildings, their work and the interconnection, as well as the possible dimensions of the individual components.

Revisiting Corruption Mathematical Models in the Fourth Industrial Revolution

2021 ◽  
pp. 270-296
Author(s):  
Arpita Patra ◽  
Lovemore Matipira ◽  
Fanny Saruchera ◽  
K. S. Sastry Musti
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Literature Review ◽  
Mathematical Models ◽  
Case Studies ◽  
Industry 4.0 ◽  
Computational Models ◽  
Industrial Revolution ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
Fourth Industrial Revolution ◽  
Several Variables

Analyzing corruption is a topic of interest to many and is indeed very complex due to its inherent difficulties with its identification and quantification. Past studies present several variables, indices, computational models, and approaches, but their relevance in the fourth industrial revolution (Industry 4.0) has been debatable. This chapter addresses the need to revisit the mathematical models and approaches in the Industry 4.0 context. The chapter provides a foundation for this argument through a compressive literature review followed by a proposal of a three-stage concept for corruption identification. The chapter illustrates two case studies from which a strong justification derives for considering the digital transformation and use of big data to deal with corruption and improve the external and internal perceptions about corruption in general.

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