Effects of Weave Type and Fiber Content on Physical Properties of Sisal Fiber/Epoxy Composites

2010 ◽  
Vol 123-125 ◽  
pp. 1139-1142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sawitri Srisuwan ◽  
Pranee Chumsamrong
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Pure Epoxy ◽  
Sisal Fibers ◽  
The Impact

In this study, the effects of weave type and fiber content on the physical properties of woven sisal fiber/epoxy composites were investigated. Sisal fibers used in this work were obtained from Nakhon Ratchasima, Thailand. Both untreated and alkali-treated fibers were employed. The woven sisal fibers were manufactured by hand weaving process. The fiber content in sisal fiber/epoxy composites were 3 wt.%, 5 wt.% and 10 wt.%. The composites were cured at room temperatures. In order to determine mechanical properties of the composites, flexural and impact tests were applied. Flexural strength and flexural modulus of all composites were higher than those of pure epoxy resin and tended to increase with increasing fiber content. The impact strength of all composites was lower than that of pure epoxy resin. The composites containing 10 wt.% sisal fibers showed the highest impact strength. There was no definite influence of weave type on flexural properties of the composites. At 3 and 5 wt.% fiber, the composites containing plain weave fibers seemed to show a higher impact strength than the composites containing other weave types.

Composite Materials Based on Natural Rubber Modified Epoxy Resin and Sisal Fiber

2011 ◽  
Vol 410 ◽  
pp. 43-46
Author(s):  
Sawitri Srisuwan ◽  
N. Prasoetsopha ◽  
Nitinat Suppakarn ◽  
Pranee Chumsamrong
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Neat Epoxy ◽  
Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Resonance Spectroscopy ◽  
H Nmr ◽  
The Impact

In the present work, bisphenol-A based epoxy resin was blended with methyl methacrylate (MMA)/glycidyl methacrylate (GMA) grafted depolymerized natural rubber (GDNR). GDNR/epoxy resin blend was composite with woven sisal fiber. GDNR was prepared by solution grafting MMA/GMA (90/10 w/w%) onto depolymerized natural rubber (DNR). The occurrence of GDNR was confirmed by proton nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (1H-NMR). Amount of GDNR in the blend was 1 part per hundred resins. Impact strength of epoxy resin was increased by 62% when GDNR was added. Composites of GDNR/epoxy resin and woven sisal fiber were prepared by hand-lay up process. Amounts of woven sisal fiber in the composite were 3, 5 and 7% by weight (wt%). The flexural modulus of the composites was higher than that of neat epoxy resin and increased with increasing amount of woven sisal fiber. Nevertheless, flexural strength of all composites was lower than those of neat epoxy resin and the blend. Compared to neat epoxy resin, the impact strength of the composite containing 7 wt% woven sisal fiber was further increased to 114%.

scholarly journals MECHANICAL PROPERTIES OF THE VIET NAM SISAL FIBRE REINFORCED POLYPROPYLENE COMPOSITE

2011 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Nieu Huu Nguyen ◽  
Binh Thanh Phan ◽  
Sau Huynh
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Loss Modulus ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Sisal Fibre ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical ◽  
Sisal Fibers ◽  
The Impact

The static mechanical and dynamic mechanical properties of the treated sisal fiber reinforced polypropylene composites were improved by adding the compatiblizer PPgMA (polypropylene-grafted-maleic anghydride). The mechanical properties of the composites have been evaluated. By increasing PPgMA dosages from 2% and 3.5% by weight of PP matrix; the impact strength of the composites were significantly improved by 27% and 38%; the elongation increased by 21% and 36%; the tensile strength increased by 35% and 95%; the elastic modulus increased by 21% and 94% and the flexural modulus increased by 2% and 83% respectively. The dynamic mechanical properties (the storage modulus E’, the loss modulus E” and the loss factor tanδ) have been investigated in relation to the compatibility between the PP matrix and the treated sisal fibers. E’ and E” increased by increasing dosage of PPgMA and Tg decreased a little when increasing the contents of PPgMA. At higher temperatures, tanδ increased and at lower temperature tanδ decreased when increasing dosage of PPgMA. It is shown that PP/treated sisal fibers/PPgMA composites have shown the effects of cohesion when increasing the PPgMA. The fiber dispersion was studied by the transmission optical microscope (TOM). The morphology of the composites samples fractured by the impact strength tests have been studied using scanning electronic microscopy (SEM). The results show the improvement of the interaction forces between treated sisal fibers and PP matrix at higher levels of PPgMA.

Enhanced Thermal and Mechanical Properties of Epoxy Composites by Spherical Silica with Different Size

2017 ◽  
Vol 727 ◽  
pp. 519-526 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Ya Chen ◽  
Ji Fang Fu ◽  
Wen Qi Yu ◽  
Lei Huang ◽  
Jing Tao Yin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Silica Particles ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Pure Epoxy ◽  
Spherical Silica ◽  
Spherical Silica Particles ◽  
The Impact

Spherical silica particles with mean diameter 350 nm, 500 nm and 1000 nm were used to modify o-cresol-novolac epoxy resin (ECN) at a ranging constant weight fraction from 0 to 20 wt%. The effects of particle size and fillers content on the impact strength, flexural modulus, dynamic mechanical analysis (DMA), coefficient of thermal expansion (CTE), dielectric properties and bulk resistivities of epoxy composites filled with spherical silica particles were investigated. The results revealed that the impact strength and flexural modulus showed significant improvements with the addition of spherical silica particles. The glass transition temperature (Tg) of composites was higher than that of pure epoxy. The maximum increment of Tg was 34 °C by the addition of 2 wt% D500. The CTE of the composites with different size silica exhibit much lower dimension changes than that of pure epoxy. The dielectric constant was decreased with the addition of spherical silica particles. However, the particle size exhibited weakly effect on the dielectric properties. The bulk resistivities of the composites have greatly improved compared to the pure epoxy and increase with decreasing the particle size.

scholarly journals Characterization of Hybrid Oil Palm Empty Fruit Bunch/Woven Kenaf Fabric-Reinforced Epoxy Composites

Polymers ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 2052
Author(s):  
Farah Hanan ◽  
Mohammad Jawaid ◽  
Md Tahir Paridah ◽  
Jesuarockiam Naveen
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Oil Palm ◽  
Failure Modes ◽  
Fiber Content ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Void Content ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
Kenaf Fiber ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Woven Kenaf

In this research, the physical, mechanical and morphological properties of oil palm empty fruit bunch (EFB) mat/woven kenaf fabric-reinforced epoxy composites have been investigated. The oil palm EFB/woven kenaf fabrics were varied, with weight ratios of 50/0 (T1), 35/15 (T2), 25/25 (T3), 15/35 (T4) and 0/50 (T5). The composites were fabricated using a simple hand lay-up technique followed by hot pressing. The result obtained shows that an increase in kenaf fiber content exhibited higher tensile and flexural properties. On the other hand, the opposite trend was observed in the impact strength of hybrid composites, where an increase in kenaf fiber content reduced the impact strength. This can be corroborated with the physical properties analysis, where a higher void content, water absorption and thickness swelling were observed for pure oil palm EFB (T1) composites compared to other samples. The scanning electron microscopy analysis results clearly show the different failure modes of the tensile fractured samples. Statistical analysis was performed using one-way ANOVA and shows significant differences between the obtained results.

scholarly journals Epoxy composites with increased operational characteristics, filled with dispersed mineral fillers

2018 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 330-335
Author(s):  
A. S. Mostovoi ◽  
A. S. Nurtazina ◽  
Yu. A. Kadykova
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Heat Resistance ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Oxygen Index ◽  
Epoxy Composite ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Breaking Stress ◽  
Mineral Fillers ◽  
The Impact

The aim of this work is to increase the physicochemical, deformation and strength properties and to reduce the combustibility of composites on the base of epoxy resin by introducing a oligo(resorcinophenyl phosphate) with terminal phenyl groups Fyrolflex - modifier of polyfunctional action, and disperse mineral fillers – diorite and chromite. Result of the studies established that the optimum amount of modifier in the composition of the epoxy resin is 40 mass parts, which provides an increase in the operational properties of the composites: the breaking stress at bending increases by 2 times, the breaking stress at compression increases by 28%, the impact strength increases twice, while the modulus of elasticity and hardness of composites slightly decrease. The addition of modifier into the epoxy polymer provides an increase in heat resistance from 86 to 132–156 °C, also it improves the thermal stability of the composite, which manifests itself in a shift from the initial temperature to higher temperatures (from 200 to 230 °C), while it is noticed furthermore that yield of carbonized Structures was risen from 40 to 54%, providing less release of volatile pyrolysis products into the gas phase, which leads to the decrease in flammability of the epoxy composite and it can be shown in the reduction of its loss in mass while cauterizing in air from 78 to about 4.7% and an increase in the oxygen index from 19 to 28% by volume what transfers the material into class with low flammability. The rational content of diorite and chromite (100 parts by weight of chromite and 50 parts by mass of diorite) is chosen as a filler, which ensures an increase in physical and mechanical characteristics and a reduction in the cost of production: the breaking stress increases by 15–30% and the elastic modulus at bending increases 3.5–4.5 times, the breaking stress increases by 35%, and the tensile modulus by 50–240%, the hardness increases by 68–95%, while the impact strength remains at the level of the unfilled plasticized composite. In addition, it is proved that the addition of both diorite and chromite provides an increase in the thermal and heat resistance of epoxy composites, also lowers combustibility of the epoxy composite: the weight loss at ignition in air is reduced to 1.2–2.2% and the oxygen index rises from 28 to 30–35% by volume, thus the material does not support combustion in air and belongs to the class of hardly flammable. The study was carried out with the financial support of a grant for young scientists of the SSTU named after Gagarin Yu.A. (project SGTU-287).

Physical Properties of Four Acrylic Denture Base Resisns

2005 ◽  
Vol 6 (4) ◽  
pp. 93-100 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas R. Meng ◽  
Mark A. Latta
Keyword(s):  
Impact Strength ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Heat Processing ◽  
Denture Base ◽  
Test Fixture ◽  
Izod Impact Strength ◽  
Izod Impact ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Resistance to impact fracture and high flexural strength are desirable properties of denture base acrylics. The purpose of this laboratory study was to determine the Izod impact strength, the flexural strength, the flexural modulus, and the yield distance for four premium denture resins. Bar specimens 86 x 11 x 3 mm of Lucitone 199, Fricke Hi-I, ProBase Hot, and Sledgehammer Maxipack were fabricated following the manufacturer's instructions for heat processing. The bars were surface finished using silicon carbide paper to 600 grit. Ten specimens from three lots of each material were made (n=30). Flexural strength, flexural modulus, and yield distance were determined by testing the specimens to failure using a three-point test fixture. Izod impact strength was determined using an Izod tester on un-notched specimens generated from the flexural test (n=60). Analysis of variance (ANOVA) and post-hoc Tukey's test were used for statistical comparison of each property. There were significant differences in the physical properties among the denture acrylics tested. Lucitone 199 demonstrated the highest impact strength, flexural strength, and yield distance (p<0.05). Lucitone 199 with an Izod impact strength of 5.5 ± 1.2 N·m, a flexural strength of 99.5 ± 4.5 MPa, and yield distance of 9.9 ± 0.76 mm exhibited statistically greater results than Fricki Hi-I, ProBase Hot, and Sledgehammer Maxipack. Fricki Hi- I with a yield distance of 7.3 ± 1.1 mm was statically greater than ProBase Hot and Sledgehammer Maxipack. Fricki Hi-I, ProBase Hot, and Sledgehammer Maxipack were statistically similar for the Izod impact strength and flexural strength tests performed. ProBase Hot and Sledgehammer Maxipack yielded statistically similar results for all tests performed. Flexural modulus had an inverse relationship to the impact strength, flexural strength, and yield distance. Citation Meng TR, Latta MA. Physical Properties of Four Acrylic Denture Base Resins. J Contemp Dent Pract 2005 November;(6)4:093-100.

scholarly journals Mechanical Properties of Bio-Composites Based on Epoxy Resin and Nanocellulose Fibres

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (13) ◽  
pp. 3576
Author(s):  
Martyna Roszowska-Jarosz ◽  
Joanna Masiewicz ◽  
Marcin Kostrzewa ◽  
Wojciech Kucharczyk ◽  
Wojciech Żurowski ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Critical Stress Intensity Factor ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Chemical Extraction ◽  
Cellulose Pulp ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Unmodified Epoxy

The aim of our research was to investigate the effect of a small nanocellulose (NC) addition on an improvement of the mechanical properties of epoxy composites. A procedure of chemical extraction from pressed lignin was used to obtain nanocellulose fibers. The presence of nanoparticles in the cellulose pulp was confirmed by FTIR/ATR spectra as well as measurement of nanocellulose particle size using a Zetasizer analyzer. Epoxy composites with NC contents from 0.5% to 1.5% w/w were prepared. The obtained composites were subjected to strength tests, such as impact strength (IS) and resistance to three-point bending with a determination of critical stress intensity factor (Kc). The impact strength of nanocellulose composites doubled in comparison to the unmodified epoxy resin (EP 0). Moreover, Kc was increased by approximately 50% and 70% for the 1.5 and 0.5% w/w NC, respectively. The maximum value of stress at break was achieved at 1% NC concentration in EP and it was 15% higher than that for unmodified epoxy resin. The highest value of destruction energy was characterized by the composition with 0.5% NC and corresponds to the increase of 102% in comparison with EP 0. Based on the analysis of the results it was noted that satisfactory improvement of the mechanical properties of the composite was achieved with a very small addition of nanofiller while other research indicates the need to add much more nanocellulose. It is also expected that this kind of use of raw materials will allow increasing the economic efficiency of the nanocomposite preparation process. Moreover, nanocomposites obtained in this way can be applied as elements of machines or as a modified epoxy matrix for sandwich composites, enabling production of the structure material with reduced weight but improved mechanical properties.

Modification of Epoxy Resin by Reactive Block Copolymer SEBSMB

2014 ◽  
Vol 496-500 ◽  
pp. 71-74 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Ping Zhou ◽  
Hui Ru Wu ◽  
Wan Li Fu ◽  
Shi Jun Jia
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Block Copolymer ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Hypothetical Model ◽  
Pure Epoxy ◽  
Self Assembling ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Modified Resin

Reactive block copolymer SEBSMB was used as modifier to toughen epoxy resin. The results indicate that ideal enhancement of toughness could be achieved by this method. The impact strength increases with increase of the content of SEBSMB in the matrix and it could be enhanced by 200% at 20wt% addition of the modifier. DMA and TG results show that the modified resin exhibits similar thermal stability as compared with pure epoxy resin. The toughening effect may be ascribed to the unique self-assembling structure of SEBSMB in the matrix and a hypothetical model was proposed.

scholarly journals Influence of Laying Angles in Reinforcement of Epoxy in Sisal Plain Woven Structures

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Palani GOPINATH ◽  
Paramasivam SURESH
Keyword(s):  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Strain Engineering ◽  
New Method ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Sisal Fiber ◽  
Engineering System ◽  
Data Sets ◽  
Displacement Force ◽  
Sisal Fibers

This study is about microstructure characterization and understanding the flexural properties of plain-woven sisal fabric reinforced epoxy composites. Vibrational Spectroscopy (FTIR) and SEM (Scanning Electron Microscopy) were used to describe the plain-woven sisal fabric and sisal fiber reinforced epoxy composites. Two laying angles were incorporated into the epoxy resin (10 percent), i.e. [0°/90°] and [0°/45°]. To isolate the effect of epoxy type and whether woven sisal fibers were used, an analytical design that is based on [0°/90°] and [0°/45°] orientation used the results. Epoxy treated with woven sisal fibers had a higher tensile (0.62 GPa) and flexural modulus (0.69 GPa) with tensile (17 MPa) and flexural strength (14 MPa) while being applied to a surface that is sloped at 0°/45° and which generates a displacement force of approximately 12 mm and strain 15.8 %. While conventional Weibull failure theory has long been widely used to explain the failure of brittle bulk materials, this new equation integrates that theory with the lay angle effect on flexural strength in plain sisal to calculate flexural strength reinforcement in epoxy. This new method can be applied to any fiber reinforcement, regardless of the type, and in terms of the failure of that reinforcement, which is governed by linear elastic fracture mechanics, and agreement between experimental data sets is excellent. According to our expectations, this theoretical study is going to provide a new method for the advanced strain engineering system to be built using reinforced fibers.

scholarly journals Synergetic Effects of Silver Nanowires and Graphene Oxide on Thermal Conductivity of Epoxy Composites

Nanomaterials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1264 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Zhang ◽  
Wenfeng Zhu ◽  
Ying Huang ◽  
Shuhua Qi
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
Graphene Oxide ◽  
Impact Strength ◽  
Epoxy Resin ◽  
Silver Nanowires ◽  
Phonon Transport ◽  
Epoxy Composites ◽  
Hybrid Fillers ◽  
Interfacial Contact ◽  
The Impact

One-dimensional silver nanowires (AgNWs) and two-dimensional graphene oxide (GO) were combined to construct a three-dimensional network structure. The AgNWs can effectively inhibit stacking of adjacent GO sheets by occupying regions between layers of GO. Moreover, the GO sheets embedded in the gaps of the AgNWs network increase the interfacial contact area between the AgNWs and the epoxy matrix, resulting in the formation of more efficient phonon transport channels. To prepare an epoxy-based thermal conductive composite, hybrid networks were fabricated and added to epoxy resin using a solution mixing method. Significant synergistic effects were observed between the AgNWs and GO sheets. The thermal conductivity of epoxy composites filled with 10 wt.% AgNW/GO hybrids was found to be 1.2 W/mK and the impact strength was 28.85 KJ/m2, which are higher than the corresponding values of composites containing AgNWs or GO sheets alone. Thus, the thermal conductivity and impact strength of the epoxy composites were improved. The additive effects are mainly owing to the improved interfacial contact between the hybrid fillers and the epoxy resin, resulting in a more efficient phonon transport network. The use of hybrid fillers with different structures is a simple and scalable strategy for manufacturing high-performance thermally conductive materials for electronic packaging.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document