The Function Mechanism of Current Density on Antimony Nanopowder Prepared by Electrochemical Method

2011 ◽  
Vol 228-229 ◽  
pp. 639-644 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jian Lin Xu ◽  
Shu Hua Yang ◽  
Li Hui Zhang ◽  
Zhao Kang ◽  
Qiang Guo
Keyword(s):  
Current Density ◽  
Electrochemical Method ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Function Mechanism ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Current Densities ◽  
Shape And Size

The nano-antimony particles with different shape, size and stability are prepared by electrochemical method under the dilute hydrochloric acid electrolyte including the surface dispersant OP-10 and different current densities. The influences of current density on the shape and size of nanometer antimony particles prepared by electrochemical method are analyzed by using X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR). The results show that nano-antimony powder can be prepared by electrochemical method, and the antimony powder possesses the crystal structure with orthorhombic hexahedron. The current density has a significant impact on the agglomeration, shape and size of antimony powder. The size and shape of antimony powder are determined by the nucleation rate of nano-antimony and combination capacity of antimony ions and OP-10 surface dispersing agents affected by current density. When the current density is 25mA/cm2, the average particle size is 12nm or so, the shape is spherical, and the nano-antimony particles are well dispersed and no agglomeration.

scholarly journals Structural and Optical Characterization of ZnO Nanoparticles Synthesized by Microemulsion Route

2013 ◽  
Vol 19 ◽  
pp. 26-36 ◽  
Author(s):  
Harish Kumar ◽  
Renu Rani
Keyword(s):  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Thermal Studies ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Band Gap Energy ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Visible Spectra ◽  
Ft Ir

ZnO nanoparticles were synthesized by microemulsion route in W/S ratio of 5 at room temperature. X-ray diffraction (XRD) pattern reveals wurtzite structure of ZnO nanoparticles. Rod shape of ZnO nanoparticles of average particle size 10.0 to 12.0 nm were observed by transmission electron microscopy. FT-IR spectra confirmed the adsorption of surfactant molecules at the surface of ZnO nanoparticles and presence of Zn-O bonding. Thermal studies were carried out by the differential scanning calorimeter (DSC) techniques. In addition, UV-Visible spectra were employed to estimate the band gap energy of ZnO nanoparticles.

scholarly journals Green Synthesis of Novel Jasmine Bud-Shaped Copper Nanoparticles

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Malathi Sampath ◽  
Ramya Vijayan ◽  
Ezhilarasu Tamilarasu ◽  
Abiraman Tamilselvan ◽  
Balasubramanian Sengottuvelan
Keyword(s):  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Isonicotinic Acid ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Acid Hydrazide ◽  
Reducing Agent ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Atomic Force ◽  
Transmission Electron

Novel jasmine bud-shaped copper nanoparticles were synthesized by a green chemical reduction method using polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a capping agent, L-ascorbic acid (AA) as a reducing agent as well as antioxidant agent, isonicotinic acid hydrazide (INH) as a reducing agent, and water as a solvent at 60–70°C (pH-7) in the presence of air. The UV-Vis absorption maximum obtained is 573 nm. The crystal lattice (fcc) structure of Cu Nps was confirmed by X-ray diffraction (XRD). The novel jasmine bud shape was visualized in a transmission electron microscope (TEM). The height of single copper nanobud was 6.41 nm as measured by atomic force microscope (AFM). The average particle size 6.95 nm is obtained by XRD results. Antibacterial activity of the Cu nanobuds was evaluated by testing against Gram-negative (Escherichia coli) and Gram-positive (Staphylococcus aureus) bacteria.

Biosynthesis and Characterization of Copper Nanoparticles Using a Bioflocculant Extracted from Alcaligenis faecalis HCB2

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (11) ◽  
pp. 1064-1070 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nkosinathi G. Dlamini ◽  
Albertus K. Basson ◽  
V. S. R. Rajasekhar Pullabhotla
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Thermo Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Gravimetric Analysis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ft Ir

Bioflocculant from Alcaligenis faecalis HCB2 was used in the eco-friendly synthesis of the copper nanoparticles. Nanoparticles were characterized using a scanning electron microscope (SEM), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV-visible spectroscopy, thermo gravimetric analysis (TGA) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FT-IR). The transmission electron microscopy images showed close to spherical shapes with an average particle size of ∼53 nm. Energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy analysis confirmed the presence of the Cu nanopartilces and also the other elements such as O, C, P, Ca, Cl, Na, K, Mg, and S originated from the bioflocculant. FT-IR results showed the presence of the –OH and –NH2 groups, aliphatic bonds, amide and Cu–O bonds. Powder X-ray diffraction peaks confirmed the presence of (111) and (220) planes of fcc structure at 2 of 33° and 47° respectively with no other impurity peaks.

scholarly journals An Overview on Nanocrystalline ZnFe2O4, MnFe2O4, and CoFe2O4 Synthesized by a Thermal Treatment Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahmoud Goodarz Naseri ◽  
Elias B. Saion ◽  
Ahmad Kamali
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Treatment ◽  
Treatment Method ◽  
Vinyl Pyrrolidone ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Poly Vinyl Pyrrolidone ◽  
Co Nanoparticles ◽  
Oxide Bands

This study reports the simple synthesis of MFe2O4 (where M=Zn, Mn, and Co) nanoparticles by a thermal treatment method, followed by calcination at various temperatures from 723 to 873 K. Poly(vinyl pyrrolidone) (PVP) was used as a capping agent to stabilize the particles and prevent them from agglomeration. The characterization studies were conducted by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The average particle sizes were obtained by TEM images, which were in good agreement with the XRD results. Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) confirmed the presence of metal oxide bands for all the calcined samples. Magnetic properties were demonstrated by a vibrating sample magnetometer (VSM), which displayed that the calcined samples exhibited superparamagnetic and ferromagnetic behaviors.

DIELECTRIC PROPERTIES OF ULTRAFINE Zn-DOPED CaCu3Ti4O12 CERAMIC

2012 ◽  
Vol 02 (01) ◽  
pp. 1250007 ◽  
Author(s):  
LAXMAN SINGH ◽  
U. S. RAI ◽  
K. D. MANDAL ◽  
MADHU YASHPAL
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Sintered Powder

Ultrafine powder of CaCu2.80Zn0.20Ti4O12 ceramic was prepared using a novel semi-wet method. DTA/TG analysis of dry powder gives pre-information about formation of final product around 800°C. The formation of single phase was confirmed by X-ray diffraction analysis. The average particle size of sintered powder of the ceramic obtained from XRD and Transmission electron microscopy was found 59 nm and 102 nm, respectively. Energy Dispersive X-ray studies confirm the stoichiometry of the synthesized ceramic. Dielectric constant of the ceramic was found to be 2617 at room temperature at 1 kHz.

Frequency dependence and fuel effect on optical properties of nano TiO2-based structures

2016 ◽  
Vol 30 (18) ◽  
pp. 1650247 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahdi Ghasemifard ◽  
Misagh Ghamari ◽  
Meysam Iziy
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Optical Properties ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Combustion Method ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Nano Tio2 ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Auto Combustion ◽  
Xrd Patterns

TiO2-(Ti[Formula: see text]Si[Formula: see text]O2 nanopowders (TS-NPs) with average particle size around 90 nm were successfully synthesized by controlled auto-combustion method by using citric acid/nitric acid (AC:NA) and urea/metal cation (U:MC). The structure of powders was studied based on their X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. The XRD of TS-NPs shows that rutile and anatase are the main phases of TS-NPs for AC:NA and U:MC, respectively. Particle size and histogram of nanopowders were characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and dynamic light scattering (DLS). Optical properties of TS-NPs were calculated by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and Kramers–Kroning (KK) relation. Plasma frequencies of TS-NPs obtained from energy loss functions depend on fuels as a result of changes in crystal structure, particle size distribution, and morphology.

scholarly journals Magnetic and Structural Studies of CoFe2O4Nanoparticles Suspended in an Organic Liquid

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Branka Babić-Stojić ◽  
Vukoman Jokanović ◽  
Dušan Milivojević ◽  
Zvonko Jagličić ◽  
Darko Makovec ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Bulk Material ◽  
Organic Liquid ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Hydrodynamic Diameter ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Ferrite Nanoparticle ◽  
Nanoparticle System

We present a study of magnetic and structural properties of CoFe2O4nanoparticles suspended in an organic liquid. Transmission electron microscopy shows that the nanoparticles have a narrow size distribution of average particle size 5.9 ± 1.0 nm. X-ray diffraction shows that the particles are of cubic spinel crystal structure. Dynamic light scattering measurements reveal the existence of an organic shell around the CoFe2O4nanoparticles with an average hydrodynamic diameter of 14.4 nm. Coercive magnetic field atT=5 K is found to be 11.8 kOe. Disappearance of the coercive field and remanent magnetization at about 170 K suggests that the CoFe2O4nanoparticles are superparamagnetic at higher temperatures which is confirmed by the room temperature Mössbauer spectrum analysis. Saturation magnetization of the nanoparticles of 80.8 emu/g(CoFe2O4) at 5 K reaches the value detected in the bulk material and remains very high also at room temperature. The cobalt ferrite nanoparticle system synthesized in this work exhibits magnetic properties which are very suitable for various biomedical applications.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Surfactant Capped Copper Nanoparticles Using Natural Vitamin

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (9) ◽  
pp. 2130-2134
Author(s):  
B. VARUN KUMAR ◽  
Y. PARVEEN TAJ ◽  
K. HUSSAIN REDDY
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin C ◽  
Copper Nanoparticles ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Inert Gas ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Gas Insulation ◽  
Triton X

Copper nanoparticles (CuNPs) have captivated amazing and renewable interest in recent years due to their fascinating features. In present investigation, CuNPs were produced by reducing copper sulphate with ascorbic acid (vitamin C) in aqueous medium without inert gas insulation at low temperature (80 ºC). In present synthetic procedure, a native vitamin C was applied as insulating agent to prevent oxidation of nascent CuNPs during the process and in storage. Triton X-100 was added that worked both as a size controller and as a capping agent. The CuNPs were characterized by UV-visible and FT-IR spectroscopies, powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) and scanning electron microscopy-energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM-EDX). Optical properties of Cu nanoparticles were explored using UV-vis spectroscopy. FT IR was employed to uncover the bonding between copper nanoparticles and Triton X-100. The CuNPs were discerned by PXRD and SEM-EDX Techniques. From the major diffraction peaks, the average particle size is determined using Debye-Scherer equation and it is found to be about 15 nm. It is hoped that the present results would pave a way for developing plans for the production of nascent CuNPs in the absence of inert gas insulation.

scholarly journals Synthesis and characterization of ZnTe nanoparticles

2016 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujan Dhungana ◽  
Bhoj Raj Paudel ◽  
Surendra K. Gautam
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Field Effect Transistors ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Precursor Solution ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Zinc Compounds ◽  
Transmission Electron

In this work, we report the ZnTe semiconductor nanoparticles (NPs) prepared by aqueous chemical precipitation method using the tellurium precursor solution with different zinc compounds. Three batches of ZnTe NPs were synthesized to study the effect of dilution on the size and phase purity of ZnTe. The influence of source compounds and concentrations of the size and structure of NPs were studied. ZnTe NPs have great applications as field-effect transistors and photodetectors. The existing controversy regarding the crystalline structure of ZnTe NPs, whether it is cubic or hexagonal, has been resolved using X-ray Diffraction (XRD) data. The ZnTe NPs possess cubic structure, which is also confirmed by Electron Diffraction (ED) pattern. The average particle size determined from XRD data with the help of Debye-Scherrer equation is about 6 nm. The particle size can be further verified by Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) studies.  

Magnetotransport and Structural Properties of Nanocrystalline FeAgAl Thin Films

2008 ◽  
Vol 8 (8) ◽  
pp. 4068-4072 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. B. Patil ◽  
S. Rout ◽  
A. R. B. Rao ◽  
M. Senthil Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Thin Films ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Partial Substitution ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Al Content ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Standard Value ◽  
Magnetoresistance Ratio ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Structural and magnetotransport properties of metallic FexAgyAlz nanogranular thin films were studied. These films with several compositions were prepared by dc magnetron sputtering. X-ray diffraction (XRD) measurements carried out on the samples show only Ag(111) peaks. The d-spacings determined from the Ag(111) peaks are smaller than the standard value for bulk Ag indicating a partial substitution of Fe and Al atoms in Ag matrix. Transmission electron diffraction (TEM) patterns show a number of Ag rings. Both XRD and TEM studies did not reveal any diffraction peaks due to Fe or Al. The average particle size determined from the TEM micrograph is 5.9 nm. This value is in good agreement with the grain size determined from the XRD patterns for the Al substituted samples. The MR was found to increase for smaller Al concentration and it decreases with further increase in Al content. In the samples investigated magnetoresistance ratio reaches a maximum value of about 4.5% for the Fe27 Ag63Al10 film.

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