Influence of Ox Blood on Water Absorption of and Chloride Penetration into Concrete

2011 ◽  
Vol 261-263 ◽  
pp. 496-500
Author(s):  
Jian Guang Xu ◽  
Tie Jun Zhao ◽  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Rong Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Chloride Penetration ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Animal Blood ◽  
Animal Fats ◽  
Historical Monuments ◽  
Natural Stones

Many concrete structures can not reach their designed service life because of their poor durability. Water and aggressive substances such as chloride ions are prerequisite to the deterioration of concrete. In aggressive environments, water repellent treatment is an effective path to delay the repair and improve the durability of concrete structures. Thousands of years ago, people used oils, animal fats or wax to treat the surface of natural stones, bricks or put some animal blood in mortar to make them water repellent. Many historical monuments were protected in these old methods. In this paper, different amounts of ox blood had been added in concrete. Compressive strength, water absorption and chloride penetration tests had been conducted. In this way, the influence of ox blood on water absorption of and chloride penetration into concrete had been investigated. The results indicated that the compressive strength of concrete with addition of ox blood decreased. And water absorption and chloride penetration into concrete were effectively reduced by adding some amounts of ox blood. The concrete with the surface abraded off 5mm, 15mm and 25mm which were mixed with ox blood had higher water absorption than concrete without abrasion.

Fresh, Durability and Mechanical Behavior of Self Consolidating Concrete Incorporating Fly Ash and Admixture under Hot Weather

2021 ◽  
Vol 904 ◽  
pp. 453-457
Author(s):  
Samer Al Martini ◽  
Reem Sabouni ◽  
Abdel Rahman Magdy El-Sheikh
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Weather Conditions ◽  
Chloride Penetration ◽  
The Self ◽  
Fresh Properties ◽  
Self Consolidating Concrete ◽  
Slump Flow ◽  
Hot Weather

The self-consolidating concrete (SCC) become the material of choice by concrete industry due to its superior properties. However, these properties need to be verified under hot weather conditions. The paper investigates the behavior of SCC under hot weather. Six SCC mixtures were prepared under high temperatures. The SCC mixtures incorporated polycarboxylate admixture at different dosages and prolonged mixed for up to 2 hours at 30 °C and 40 °C. The cement paste was replaced with 20% of fly ash (FA). The fresh properties were investigated using slump flow, T50, and VSI tests. The compressive strength was measured at 3, 7, and 28 days. The durability of SCC mixtures was evaluated by conducting rapid chloride penetration and water absorption tests.

scholarly journals The Effect of Water Repellent Surface Impregnation on Durability of Cement-Based Materials

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Peng Zhang ◽  
Huaishuai Shang ◽  
Dongshuai Hou ◽  
Siyao Guo ◽  
Tiejun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Service Life ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Chloride Penetration ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structures ◽  
Capillary Suction ◽  
Surface Impregnation ◽  
Cement Based Materials ◽  
Ft Ir

In many cases, service life of reinforced concrete structures is severely limited by chloride penetration until the steel reinforcement or by carbonation of the covercrete. Water repellent treatment on the surfaces of cement-based materials has often been considered to protect concrete from these deteriorations. In this paper, three types of water repellent agents have been applied on the surface of concrete specimens. Penetration profiles of silicon resin in treated concrete have been determined by FT-IR spectroscopy. Water capillary suction, chloride penetration, carbonation, and reinforcement corrosion in both surface impregnated and untreated specimens have been measured. Results indicate that surface impregnation reduced the coefficient of capillary suction of concrete substantially. An efficient chloride barrier can be established by deep impregnation. Water repellent surface impregnation by silanes also can make the process of carbonation action slow. In addition, it also has been concluded that surface impregnation can provide effective corrosion protection to reinforcing steel in concrete with migrating chloride. The improvement of durability and extension of service life for reinforced concrete structures, therefore, can be expected through the applications of appropriate water repellent surface impregnation.

Status of Site Test Methods of Organosilicon Hydrophobic Impregnants for Protecting Reinforced Concrete

2014 ◽  
Vol 638-640 ◽  
pp. 1676-1682
Author(s):  
Zong Yang Yuan ◽  
Hong Yao Sun ◽  
Zheng Yang ◽  
Ming Xia Shen ◽  
Guo Liang Shan
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Test Methods ◽  
Chloride Penetration ◽  
Water Repellent ◽  
Repellent Property ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
The Status ◽  
Rebar Corrosion ◽  
Site Test

The organosilicon hydrophobic impregnants is applied on concrete to prevent rebar corrosion with its water repellent property which can prevent the intrusion of chloride and other harmful media. On-site the parameters of organosilicon hydrophobic impregnants of controlling quality consist of resistance to chloride penetration, water absorption of concrete and impregnating depth of organosilicon hydrophobic impregnants. The status of test methods of these parameters is summarized and their advantages and disadvantages are briefly reviewed. Finally some ideas are presented about shortcomings of test methods.

scholarly journals Perpendicular-to-crack chloride ingress in cracked and autonomously healed concrete

2018 ◽  
Vol 199 ◽  
pp. 02011
Author(s):  
Bjorn Van Belleghem ◽  
Philip Van den Heede ◽  
Kim Van Tittelboom ◽  
Nele De Belie
Keyword(s):  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Chloride Penetration ◽  
Chloride Ingress ◽  
Crack Healing ◽  
Crack Location ◽  
Spray Method ◽  
Surface Visualization ◽  
Chloride Profiles ◽  
Concrete Matrix

Cracks in reinforced concrete structures exposed to a marine environment or de-icing salts can cause major durability issues due do accelerated ingress of chloride ions. In this study, the influence of autonomous crack healing by means of encapsulated polyurethane on the chloride ingress perpendicular to cracks was evaluated. This was done quantitatively by determining perpendicular-to-crack chloride profiles by means of profile grinding followed by potentiometric titration and qualitatively through visualization of the chloride penetration front by means of the AgNO3 spray method. The resulting chloride profiles showed that the healing mechanism was able to reduce the chloride concentrations in the direct vicinity of the crack to a large extent and to reduce the perpendicular-to-crack chloride penetration, especially further away from the exposed surface. Visualization of the chloride penetration front showed some variation in crack healing. For some healed samples almost no additional chloride ingress was found compared to uncracked samples, others showed a slightly enhanced ingress at the crack location but less perpendicular-to-crack chloride penetration compared to untreated cracked samples. Generally, the reduced amount of chlorides present in the concrete matrix due to crack healing will enhance the durability and service life of concrete structures.

Analyses of the Protective Effect of Polyethylene-Triethoxysilane and Triethoxysilane Emulsion Coatings on Concrete Substrate

2014 ◽  
Vol 936 ◽  
pp. 1531-1538 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Yuan Zhang ◽  
Shao Chun Li ◽  
Tie Jun Zhao ◽  
Zu Quan Jin
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Protective Effect ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Chloride Penetration ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structures ◽  
Absorption Test ◽  
Chloride Resistance ◽  
Water Absorption Test ◽  
The Stability

Water could transport aggressive substances such as carbon-dioxide, sulfates and chloride ions in reinforced concrete structures. By penetration, the stability of the whole structure is influenced. This paper deals about waterproof effect and chloride resistance of two kinds of silane coatings, polyethylene-triethoxysilane and triethoxysilane emulsions on concrete substrate along with the mechanism of the hydrophobic action. The results, in terms of visual observations, chloride test and water absorption test, showed that the two silane coatings could reduce the chloride penetration and the water absorption efficiently. The comparison between the two indicates that polyethylene-triethoxysilane penetrates little when applied on the substrate, but it performs better waterproof effect and is more efficient to chloride penetration.

scholarly journals A Thermo-Hygro-Coupled Model for Chloride Penetration in Concrete Structures

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nattapong Damrongwiriyanupap ◽  
Suchart Limkatanyu ◽  
Yunping Xi
Keyword(s):  
Reinforced Concrete ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Chloride Penetration ◽  
Heat Diffusion ◽  
Chloride Diffusion ◽  
Actual Condition ◽  
Reinforced Concrete Structures ◽  
Coupled Transport ◽  
Governing Equations

Corrosion damage due to chloride attack is one of the most concerning issues for long term durability of reinforced concrete structures. By developing the reliable mathematical model of chloride penetration into concrete structures, it can help structural engineers and management agencies with predicting the service life of reinforced concrete structures in order to effectively schedule the maintenance, repair, and rehabilitation program. This paper presents a theoretical and computational model for chloride diffusion in concrete structures. The governing equations are taking into account the coupled transport process of chloride ions, moisture, and temperature. This represents the actual condition of concrete structures which are always found in nonsaturated and nonisothermal conditions. The fully coupled effects among chloride, moisture, and heat diffusion are considered and included in the model. The coupling parameters evaluated based on the available material models and test data are proposed and explicitly incorporated in the governing equations. The numerical analysis of coupled transport equations is performed using the finite element method. The model is validated by comparing the numerical results against the available experimental data and a good agreement is observed.

scholarly journals Influence of formwork liners on fresh, mechanical and durability properties of cast concretes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunny R Gurbani
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Chloride Penetration ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
Salt Scaling ◽  
Chloride Penetration Resistance ◽  
Scaling Resistance

The following study investigates the influence of formwork liners on fresh, mechanical and durability properties of cast concretes. In order to investigate the influence of formwork liners (Weather Shield, Poligloss and Zemdrain) manufactured by Newark Group on concrete properties, column and other specimens were cast in conventional moulds (steel, wood and plastic) with and without formwork liners. As per ASTM Standards Surface characteristics, compressive strength, water absorption, sorptivity, chloride penetration, freeze thaw and salt scaling tests were conducted and results are analyzed. It is found that by the application of formwork liners Zemdrain and Weather Shield, compressive strength, water absorption, sorptivity, chloride penetration resistance, freeze thaw resistance and salt scaling resistance were improved. By the application of Poligloss, concrete surface was found to be homogenous without any visible blow-holes.

EVALUATION OF CRYSTALLINE WATERPROOFING ADMIXTURE ON PORTLAND CEMENT CONCRETE

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rodolfo De Sá Petrucci ◽  
Daniel Hastenpflug
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Portland Cement ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Concrete Structures ◽  
Structural Elements ◽  
Portland Cement Concrete ◽  
Cement Concrete

The search of reduction for the permeability of concrete structures, and consequently, increase in the durability of the structural elements has led to develop products for this purpose. One of the options is the use of crystalline waterproofing admixture (CWA). This research evaluated the influence of the use of crystalized admixture for waterproofing on the Portland cement concrete porosity. Water absorption and compressive strength of concretes with crystalline waterproofing admixture at the dosage recommended by the supplier were evaluated and the results were compared with regular concrete, without addition of admixture. The results show a reduction of porosity with reduction of absorption from 3.30% to 0.32% at 56 days of age after specimens molding. A reduction of compressive strength by 7.89% in concrete with admixture was also observed.

scholarly journals Influence of formwork liners on fresh, mechanical and durability properties of cast concretes

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sunny R Gurbani
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Surface Characteristics ◽  
Concrete Surface ◽  
Chloride Penetration ◽  
Freeze Thaw ◽  
Durability Properties ◽  
Salt Scaling ◽  
Chloride Penetration Resistance ◽  
Scaling Resistance

The following study investigates the influence of formwork liners on fresh, mechanical and durability properties of cast concretes. In order to investigate the influence of formwork liners (Weather Shield, Poligloss and Zemdrain) manufactured by Newark Group on concrete properties, column and other specimens were cast in conventional moulds (steel, wood and plastic) with and without formwork liners. As per ASTM Standards Surface characteristics, compressive strength, water absorption, sorptivity, chloride penetration, freeze thaw and salt scaling tests were conducted and results are analyzed. It is found that by the application of formwork liners Zemdrain and Weather Shield, compressive strength, water absorption, sorptivity, chloride penetration resistance, freeze thaw resistance and salt scaling resistance were improved. By the application of Poligloss, concrete surface was found to be homogenous without any visible blow-holes.

scholarly journals Influence of Granite Powder on Physico-Mechanical and Durability Properties of Mortar

Materials ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (23) ◽  
pp. 5406
Author(s):  
Christian Ramadji ◽  
Adamah Messan ◽  
Elodie Prud’Homme
Keyword(s):  
Compressive Strength ◽  
Water Absorption ◽  
Water Demand ◽  
Setting Time ◽  
Chloride Ions ◽  
Heat Of Hydration ◽  
Pozzolanic Reactivity ◽  
Chloride Ions Diffusion ◽  
Granite Powder

This study explored the pozzolanic reactivity of granite powder (GP) and its influence on the microstructure of cement paste. An analysis of the physical properties (water demand, setting time, heat of hydration and total shrinkage), compressive strength and durability indicators (water absorption, porosity, acid attack and chloride ions diffusion) was carried out on mortar containing 10%, 15% and 20% of GP as partial substitution to cement (CEM I 42.5 R) in the short and long term. The results showed that the GP does not exhibit pozzolanic reactivity and that it reduces the heat of hydration. Water demand and setting time were not affected by the GP. The compressive strength decreases with increasing the content of GP; but in the long term, the compressive strength was not affected for 10% GP substitution. The presence of granite powder in mortar induces an increase in porosity, which led to an increase in the diffusion properties of fluids (capillary water absorption and chloride ions diffusion).

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