Preparation of High Oil-Absorbing Materials by Using Modified Microcrystalline Cellulose

2011 ◽  
Vol 308-310 ◽  
pp. 780-784
Author(s):  
Feng Zhi Tan ◽  
Ya Feng Cao ◽  
Da Zhi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Absorbing Materials ◽  
Optimized Conditions

Abstract. In this paper, high oil-absorbing resin is prepared, using microcrystalline cellulose as base material, and acrylate as grafting monomer. Effect of mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose/monomer, the amount of cross-linking agent, initiator dosage, reaction temperature, and reaction time on oil-absorbing properties of the products is investigated. The optimized conditions are as followed: reaction time 6 hours, reaction temperature 70 °C, mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose to monomer 1:1.5. The oil absorbing ratio of the product prepared under these conditions is up to 12.9 g/g for toluene, and 14.6 g/g for kerosene oil.

Study on a High-Temperature Delayed Cross-Linked Acid

2012 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. 252-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhao ◽  
Qi Song ◽  
Hai Lin ◽  
Yan Ling Wang ◽  
Zeng Bao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Zirconium Oxychloride ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Acid System ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Reaction Conditions

A retarded zirconium cross-linking agent ECA-1 was prepared by using zirconium oxychloride, lactic acid， xylitol, and so on, then we got a high-temperature delayed cross-linking acid with cross-linking agent ECA-1 added to EVA-180 gelling acid, cross-linked acid performance and its influencing factors were discussed in details, such as reaction conditions of crosslinker, concentrations of crosslinker and thickener, and so on. The results showed that the obtained cross-linked acid had good temperature-tolerate and shear-tolerate properties when the mass ratio of zirconium oxychloride, lactic acid and xylitol is 1:1.25:0.0208 , the reaction temperature is 50~55°C, the reaction time is 4 hours, the delayed cross-linking time of acid system can be adjusted by changing the dosage of crosslinker and thickener.

scholarly journals Extraction of alumina from alumina rich coal gangue by a hydro-chemical process

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 192132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quancheng Yang ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Xingjian Deng ◽  
Hongchen Guo ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Chemical Process ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Coal Gangue ◽  
Added Value ◽  
High Alumina ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Vast quantities of gangue from coal mining and processing have accumulated over the years and caused significant economic and environmental problems in China. For high added-value utilization of alumina rich coal gangue (ARCG), a mild hydro-chemical process was investigated to extract alumina. The influences of NaOH concentration, mass ratio of alkali to gangue, reaction temperature and reaction time were systematically studied. An alumina extraction rate of 94.68% was achieved at the condition of NaOH concentration 47.5%, alkali to gangue ratio of 6, reaction temperature of 260°C and reaction time of 120 min. The obtained leaching residues were characterized through X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectrometer. Research confirmed that kaolinite the main alumina-bearing phase of ARCG can be decomposed and transformed to Na 8 Al 6 Si 6 O 24 (OH) 2 (H 2 O) 2 and Ca 2 Al 2 SiO 6 (OH) 2 at relatively low temperature and short reaction time. Additionally, Na 8 Al 6 Si 6 O 24 (OH) 2 (H 2 O) 2 and Ca 2 Al 2 SiO 6 (OH) 2 are unstable and will transform to alumina-free phase NaCaHSiO 4 under the optimal conditions, which is the major reason for high alumina extraction rates.

Preparation of PVA Nanofiltration Membrane with Good Solvent Resistance

2014 ◽  
Vol 904 ◽  
pp. 71-73
Author(s):  
Jian Dong Zhang ◽  
Li Wang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Composite Membrane ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Nanofiltration Membrane ◽  
Solvent Resistance ◽  
Optimized Conditions ◽  
Preparation Parameter

Polyvinylalcohol (PVA) with good solvent resistance was used in preparation of nanofiltration membrane. The preparation parameter such as PVA concentration, cross-linking agent concentration and reaction time are studied in detail. When the composite membrane was prepared under optimized conditions and tested at 0.4 MPa and 20 °C, the flux of the NF membrane was about 15 L/m2h and the Na2SO4 rejection of it was about 53.3%.

Study on Liquefaction of Corncob in Polyhydric Alcohols

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 1110-1113
Author(s):  
Yuan Bo Huang ◽  
Yun Wu Zheng ◽  
Hao Feng ◽  
Zhi Feng Zheng ◽  
Ying Zi Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Hydroxyl Number ◽  
Catalyst Amount ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Polyhydric Alcohols ◽  
Liquid Products

The liquefaction of corncob in polyhydric alcohols was investigated by using sulfuric acid as a catalyst. Results showed that the best liquefaction could be obtained with residue percent of 4.5% under the conditions with the corncob/polyhydric alcohols mass ratio of 1/5, reaction temperature of 150°C, reaction time of 60 min, catalyst amount of 3% (based on the weight of corncob), PEG 400/glycerin mass ratio of 7/3 in the polyhydric alcohols, respectively. The liquefied liquid products had acid number of 18.9 mg KOH/g and hydroxyl number of 616.3mg KOH/g, respectively.

Improve the Temperature Resistance of Guar Gum by Silanization

2011 ◽  
Vol 415-417 ◽  
pp. 652-655
Author(s):  
Jie Zhang ◽  
Gang Chen
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Fracturing Fluid ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Temperature Resistance ◽  
Optimized Conditions

For gelating agent in hydraulic fracturing fluid, the temperature resistance is required. To improve the temperature resistance of Guar gum (GG), it was modified by silanization. The reaction conditions were investigated, and the optimized conditions were as following: the reaction temperature of 85°C, 5: 1 molar ratio of guar gum to TMS-Cl and 4-6 h of reaction time. The viscosity of silanized guar gum (SGG) aqueous gel was greatly improved even high temperature at 80°C.

Study on the Preparation of Chitosan-Based Resin

2010 ◽  
Vol 160-162 ◽  
pp. 1810-1815
Author(s):  
Jing Xian Li ◽  
Juan Qin Xue ◽  
Ming Wu ◽  
Yu Jie Wang ◽  
Wei Bo Mao
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Experimental Results ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Reactant Ratio ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Stirring Rate ◽  
Formaldehyde Crosslinking ◽  
New Type

With chitosan as the raw material, a new type of resin material is synthesized through formaldehyde crosslinking. The effects of the reactant ratio, the reaction temperature, the reaction time, the stirring rate and the system pH on the cross-linking rate are studied in detail. The resin material is then characterized by means of IR. The experimental results show that the reaction occurs mainly on the amino and the hydroxyl of chitosan. The chitosan-based resin material with good properties of sphericity and acidresistivity can be prepared under the optimal experimental conditions, which are found to be 1:5 for the ratio of chitosan and formaldehyde, 60°C for the temperature, 1 h for the reaction time, 440r/min for the stirring rate and 10 for the pH.

scholarly journals Investigating the zinc ion adsorption capacity of a chitosan/β-cyclodextrin complex in wastewater

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Jiaxin Liu ◽  
Siqi Wang ◽  
Xiuqing Ding ◽  
Jingyi Fu ◽  
Jun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Zinc Ion ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Industrial Waste Water ◽  
Cyclodextrin Complex ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 400 ◽  
Adsorption Rates

To decrease the amount of Zn2+ in industrial waste water, in this study, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was first modified and then used to obtain a β-cyclodextrin polymer (β-CDP). The effects of reaction temperature and reaction time of β-CD with citric acid (CA), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400), and disodium hydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4) on the amount of β-CDP produced were investigated. The results showed that at a reaction temperature of 145 °C and a reaction time of 4.5 h, 6.58 g of β-CDP was produced. Then, chitosan (CTS) was crosslinked with β-CDP using glutaraldehyde to prepare a chitosan/β-cyclodextrin (CTS/β-CDP) complex. The mass ratio of CTS to β-CDP, reaction temperature, reaction time, and amount of added glutaraldehyde were used as the main variables to examine the Zn2+ adsorption rate and adsorption capacity of the composites prepared in this study. The optimum experimental conditions were as follows: a mass ratio of 3:10, a reaction temperature of 80 °C, a reaction time of 90 min, and 2 mL of glutaraldehyde. Under these optimal conditions, the adsorption amount and adsorption rates of Zn2+ using CTS/β-CDP complex were respectively 97.70 mg·g-1 and 78.92%.

Research of Catalytic Oxidation Synthesis of Cyclopentene to Glutaraldehyde

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 1149-1152
Author(s):  
Qi Dong Yan ◽  
Jun Xu ◽  
Feng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Tertiary Butanol ◽  
Catalyst Dosage ◽  
Main Influence ◽  
Oxidation Synthesis

The paper has studied the process of using H2O2 as oxidant and tungsten acid as catalyst, catalytic oxidation synthesis process of cyclopentene to glutaraldehyde and explored the main influence factors of the reaction, including the reaction time, reaction temperature, catalyst dosage and solvent. Furthermore, the quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis of the product was characterized by gas chromatography. The optimum synthetic condition was as follows: tertiary butanol as solvent, tungsten acid: boron anhydride(mass ratio)=1:1, 30%H2O2 as oxidant, the reaction temperature 35°C, the reaction time 4h, the yield of glutaraldehyde yield was 46%.

Research on Synthesis Regularity of Epoxysuccinic Acid

2013 ◽  
Vol 316-317 ◽  
pp. 942-945
Author(s):  
Qing He Gao ◽  
Yi Can Wang ◽  
Zhi Feng Hou ◽  
Hui Juan Qian ◽  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Synthesis System ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Sodium Hydrate

The yield of epoxysuccinic acid was obtained by determining the content of unreacted maleic anhydride and tartaric acid as a by-product in synthesis system. This method could calculate the yield of epoxysuccinic acid precisely and overcome the disadvantage of obtaining inpure product by recrystallization method. Epoxysuccinic Acid was synthesized using maleic anhydride as raw material, hydrogen peroxide as oxidizer and tungstate as catalyst. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, ratio of materials, dosage of oxidizer and catalyst on epoxidation and hydrolysis reaction was investigated. The results showed that the yield of epoxysuccinic acid was 88% when the reaction conditions were as follows: reaction temperature 65°C, reaction time 1.5h, catalyst dosage 3%(based on mass of maleic anhydride), molar ratio of sodium hydrate to maleic anhydride 2:1, mass ratio of hydrogen peroxide to maleic anhydride 1:1.

scholarly journals Synthesis, Optimization, Property, Characterization, and Application of Dialdehyde Cross-Linking Guar Gum

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tang Hongbo ◽  
Li Yanping ◽  
Zhang Wen ◽  
Dong Siqing
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Guar Gum ◽  
Sodium Periodate ◽  
Decomposition Temperature ◽  
Melting Enthalpy ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Thermal Stability Of

Dialdehyde cross-linking guar gum (DCLGG), as a novel material, was synthesized using phosphorus oxychloride as a cross-linking reagent, sodium periodate as an oxidant, and ethanol as a solvent through keeping the original particle form of guar gum. The process parameters such as the reaction temperature, reaction time, pH, amount of sodium periodate, and amount of ethanol were optimized by the response surface methodology in order to obtain the regression model of the oxidization. The covalent binding of L-asparagine onto the surfaces of DCLGG was further investigated. The results showed that the best technological conditions for preparing DCLGG were as follows: reaction temperature = 40°C, reaction time = 3.0 h, pH = 4.0, and amount of ethanol = 74.5%. The swelling power of DCLGG was intermediate between cross-linking guar gum and dialdehyde guar gum. The cross-linking and dialdehyde oxidization reduced the viscosity of GG. The cross-liking reduced the melting enthalpy of GG. However, the oxidization increased melting enthalpy of ACLGG. The thermal stability of GG was increased by cross-linking or oxidization. The variation of the onset decomposition temperature and end decomposition temperature of GG was not consistent with thermal stability of GG. L-asparagine could be chemically bound well by DCLGG through forming Schiff base under the weak acidity. The maximum adsorption capacity of L-asparagine on DCLGG with aldehyde content of 56.2% reached 21.9 mg/g.

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