Determination and Microbial Degradation of Lambda-Cyhalothrin

2011 ◽  
Vol 343-344 ◽  
pp. 430-437 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ling Ling Zheng ◽  
Hai Jin Mou ◽  
Jing Li
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Culture Liquid ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Degradation Activity

This work presents laboratory studies on the degradation of lambda-cyhalothrin. At first, a rapid quantitative determination method of lambda-cyhalothrin in food was developed by high performance liquid chromatography. Lambda-cyhalothrin-degrading bacterium F37 was isolated from the sewage of a pesticide factory outlet and was identified as Citrobacter braakii. The effects of environmental factors including carbon and nitrogen sources, initial pH, medium volume, incubating temperature and substrate concentration on the degradation rate were investigated. The addition of sucrose and yeast extract at the concentrations of 4.0 and 3.0 g/L, respectively, was the best for the degradation of lambda-cyhalothrin. F37 showed higher degradation activity at the range of moderate pH value (pH 6.5-8.0). After 72-h stirring culture, the degradation rates of lambda-cyhalothrin reached 81.1% at pH 7.0. The degradation dynamics analysis showed that the degradation half-life times of lambda-cyhalothrin in the culture liquid of F37 were only 5.7, 1.9 and 4.9 days at pH 9.0, 7.0 and 5.0, respectively. In addition, cypermethrin and triazophos could also be degraded by F37, showing that F37 was a broad-spectrum pesticide- degrading bacterium. Application of F37 on eliminating pesticide in vegetable showed that 68% of lambda-cyhalothrin was removed after treatment for 48 h. The results indicated that Citrobacter braakii F37 is effective in the elimination of pesticide and may provide a potent application in detergent industry and environmental restoration.

scholarly journals Decolorization of Remazol Brilliant Violet 5R and Procion Red MX-5B by Trichoderma Species

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 108-117
Author(s):  
Vanessa Jane Zainip ◽  
Liyana Amalina Adnan ◽  
Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Synthetic Dyes ◽  
Trichoderma Species ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Remazol Brilliant Violet 5R

Industrial wastewater including dye waste disposal, has been released in a massive amount and is difficult to degrade, especially synthetic dyes. In this study, 10 different types of fungi were isolated from a decayed wood in UTM forest and were labelled as S1-S10. Two dyes were chosen for this study, which were Procion Red MX-5B (PRMX5B) and Remazol Brilliant Violet 5R (RBV5R). These fungi were screened for their ability to decolor both dyes and further tested for their ability to decolor the dyes in liquid medium under several parameters; carbon and nitrogen sources, initial pH value, temperature, and agitation. S1 decolorized PRMX5B efficiently with the addition of glucose (45%), ammonium nitrate (61%), pH 3 (69%), temperature 37°C (49%), and agitation 100 rpm (69%), whereas S2 decolorized efficiently with the addition of glucose (60%), ammonium nitrate (49%), pH 3 (70%), temperature 37°C (46%), and agitation 100 rpm (74%). S1 demonstrated efficient decolorization of RBV5R with the addition of glucose (80%), ammonium nitrate (62%), pH 3, temperature 37°C (75%), and agitation 100 rpm (90%), whereas S2 demonstrated efficient decolorization with the addition of glucose (52%), ammonium nitrate (67%), pH 3, temperature 37°C (75%), and agitation 100 rpm (71%).The percentage of decolorization of dyes was measured by using a UV-Vis spectrophotometer. These fungi were then identified using the 18sr RNA method. Based on macroscopic and microscopic characteristics and a polygenetic tree, fungi S1 belong to Trichoderma koningiopsis and fungi S2 belong to Trichoderma atroviride. 

The Isolation of one Chlorpyrifos Degrading Microbe and the Research of its Degrading Characterisation

2011 ◽  
Vol 255-260 ◽  
pp. 2776-2780
Author(s):  
Ming Fen Niu ◽  
Wen Di Xu ◽  
Tie Shan Ming ◽  
Sai Yue Wang
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Sewage Treatment ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Culture Conditions ◽  
Field Application ◽  
Municipal Sewage ◽  
Good Growth ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Degradation Rates ◽  
Single Carbon Source

A strain of bacteria X1 that can effectively degrade chlorpyrifos is isolated from the activated sludge in the aeration biological tank of municipal sewage treatment plant.X1 is G-.The degradation of chlorpyrifos and the growth are measured by different carbon and nitrogen sources, pH,and temperature.The results show that,the chlorpyrifos is not the single carbon source and nitrogen source to X1,and it has good growth and degradation rates when the pH value is 5.0 and 9.0,the temperature is about 30°C,and the best incubation time is two days,the additional carbon and nitrogen can make X1 grow better,but has little effect on the degradation rate.This study determined the best culture conditions for the bacterial X1 growth and degradation of chlorpyrifos,make theoretical basis for the development of antimicrobial and field application.

scholarly journals Efficacy of Liquid Protein Hydrolysate from Chicken Feather by Proteus sp. on Chili Plant (Capsicum annum)

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 43
Keyword(s):  
Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Protein Hydrolysate ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Growth Effect ◽  
Poultry Waste ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Capsicum Annum ◽  
Antibacterial And Antioxidant Activity ◽  
Test Plants

Huge amounts of feathers are discarded as wastage, and it has always been environmentally concerned as they are difficult to destroy. Feather establishes over 90% protein, which gives it a rigid structure. Biotechnological techniques can help to degrade the feathers and use as biofertilizer. The best strategy is by utilizing keratinase producing keratinolytic microorganisms from the poultry waste to deteriorate the feathers. The poultry sample was collected at the local poultry farm. Using skimmed milk agar, enriched proteolytic bacteria were isolated, and the colony morphology assessed. The isolated bacteria were assessed for keratinolytic ability by using carbon and nitrogen sources. Liquid protein hydrolysate (LPH) was prepared and added as fertilizer to determine the growth effect on Capsicum annum. The antibacterial and antioxidant activity was assessed. The isolated Proteus sp. from the poultry waste has the ability to disintegrate the feathers completely on the 10th day. The enzymatic activity from Proteus sp. was observed increased with the presence of fructose (1.435 U/mL) and yeast extract (2.045 U/mL). The optimum temperature was at 40 °C (0.664 U/mL), pH value 7 (0.871 U/mL), and feather concentration at 1.5% (1.2 U/mL). LPH promoted the growth of Capsicum annum and increased total chlorophyll content (5.7341mg/g) in test plants. The antimicrobial activity displayed that Escherichia coli is susceptible to LPH, and also increased antioxidant activity was demonstrated in the test plants. Thus, the addition of liquid protein hydrolysate exhibited that it has the capability to aid plant development.

scholarly journals A Study on L-Asparaginase ofNocardia levisMK-VL_113

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alapati Kavitha ◽  
Muvva Vijayalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Yeast Extract ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Initial Ph

An enzyme-based drug, L-asparaginase, was produced byNocardia levisMK-VL_113 isolated from laterite soils of Guntur region. Cultural parameters affecting the production of L-asparaginase by the strain were optimized. Maximal yields of L-asparaginase were recorded from 3-day-old culture grown in modified asparagine-glycerol salts broth with initial pH 7.0 at temperature30∘C. Glycerol (2%) and yeast extract (1.5%) served as good carbon and nitrogen sources for L-asparaginase production, respectively. Cell-disrupting agents like EDTA slightly enhanced the productivity of L-asparaginase. Ours is the first paper on the production of L-asparaginase byN. levis.

scholarly journals Isolation of a Bacillus Aryabhattai Strain for the Resolution of (R, S)-Ethyl Indoline-2-Carboxylate to Produce (S)-Indoline-2-Carboxylic Acid

Catalysts ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 206 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinjun Zhang ◽  
Jialin Chen ◽  
Changsheng Chen ◽  
Shijin Wu
Keyword(s):  
Carboxylic Acid ◽  
Cultured Cells ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Selective Hydrolysis ◽  
16S Rdna Sequence ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Bacillus Aryabhattai ◽  
16S Rdna Sequence Analysis ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Yeast Powder

The strain screened from sludge can selectively hydrolyze (S)-ethyl indoline-2-carboxylate to produce (S)-indoline-2-carboxylic acid. It was identified as the Bacillus aryabhattai strain based on its morphology, metabolism, and 16S rDNA sequence analysis. Glucose and yeast powder were used as the best carbon and nitrogen sources to cultured cells with an initial pH of seven. Subsequently, we optimized the key parameters for selective hydrolysis. Finally, when the substrate concentration had reached 3%, with a 35 °C water bath, a pH of seven, and a speed of 600 rpm, the e.e.p value attained 96% with a 33% yield. Thus, we had developed a new method for producing (S)-indoline-2-carboxylic acid that used whole microbial cells as the biocatalyst.

Isolation, Identification, and Characterization of Lambda-Cyhalothrin Pesticide Degrading Bacterium ZC-5

2016 ◽  
Vol 723 ◽  
pp. 628-632
Author(s):  
Rong Hu Zhang ◽  
Zhen Hua Zhou ◽  
Jian Cheng Feng
Keyword(s):  
Sole Source ◽  
Achromobacter Xylosoxidans ◽  
Logarithmic Phase ◽  
Aeration Tank ◽  
16S Rdna Sequence ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Degrading Bacterium ◽  
Lambda Cyhalothrin ◽  
Novel Strategy

A highly efficient lambda-cyhalothrin-degrading bacterium, designated as strain ZC-5, was isolated from the activated sludge of a sewage aeration tank in a pesticide factory by enrichment acclimation and the streak plate method. Strain ZC-5 can grow on minimal medium with lambda-cyhalothrin as the sole source of carbon and nitrogen. After cultivation for 6 h to 24 h, the biomass of the bacterial strain significantly increased at the logarithmic phase. By contrast, the concentration of lambda-cyhalothrin rapidly decreased. The residual lambda-cyhalothrin presented a concentration of 250 mg/L and a degradation rate of 50%. Gas chromatography revealed that this strain can degrade 87.1% lambda-cyhalothrin (500 mg/L) in the culture within 2 days. Morphological analysis showed the Gram-negative strain as short rods. Physiological and biochemical characterizations, as well as phylogenetic analysis of the 16S rDNA sequence identified the bacterium to be an Achromobacter xylosoxidans strain. Results showed that this strain can provide a novel strategy to biodegrade the pesticide lambda-cyhalothrin.

Optimization and Purifi cation of L-Asparaginase Produced by Streptomyces tendae TK-VL_333

2010 ◽  
Vol 65 (7-8) ◽  
pp. 528-531 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alapati Kavitha ◽  
Muvva Vijayalakshmi
Keyword(s):  
Culture Medium ◽  
Polyacrylamide Gel Electrophoresis ◽  
Sodium Dodecyl ◽  
Gel Filtration ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Laterite Soil ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Streptomyces Tendae

Cultural factors affecting the production of L-asparaginase by Streptomyces tendae isolated from laterite soil samples of Guntur region were investigated on glycerolasparagine- salts (modified ISP-5) broth. Optimal yields of L-asparaginase were recorded in the culture medium with the initial pH 7.0 incubated at 30 °C for 72 h. The strain utilized sucrose (2%) and yeast (2%) extract as carbon and nitrogen sources for L-asparaginase production. The productivity of L-asparaginase was slightly enhanced when the strain was treated with cell-disrupting agents like EDTA. The crude enzyme was purifi ed to homogeneity by ammonium sulfate precipitation, Sephadex G-100 and CM-Sephadex G-50 gel filtration. By employing sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, the molecular weight of the enzyme was recorded as 97.4 kDa. This is the first report on production and purification of L-asparaginase from S. tendae.

Growth and Aflatoxin Production by Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 in the Presence of Lactic Acid and at Different Initial pH values

1987 ◽  
Vol 50 (11) ◽  
pp. 940-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
FATHY E. EL-GAZZAR ◽  
GULAM RUSUL ◽  
ELMER H. MARTH
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
Aflatoxin B1 ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Aspergillus Parasiticus ◽  
Ph Value ◽  
Aflatoxin Production ◽  
Reversed Phase ◽  
Ph Values ◽  
Initial Ph ◽  
Medium Weight

Twenty-five milliliters of glucose-yeast-salts medium containing 0, 0.5, 0.75, 1.0, 1.5 and 2.0% lactic acid with an initial pH of 3.5 or 4.5 were inoculated with 1 ml of a spore suspension containing 106 conidia of Aspergillus parasiticus NRRL 2999 and incubated at 28°C for 10 d. The pH of the medium, weight of mycelium and aflatoxin production were determined after 3, 7, and 10 d of incubation. Amounts of aflatoxin produced were determined using reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography. Cultures grown in the presence of 0.5 and 0.75% lactic acid at an initial pH of 4.5 produced more aflatoxin B1 than did the other cultures at the end of 3 d of incubation. This was not true for aflatoxin G1; with increasing concentrations of lactic acid, cultures produced decreasing amounts of aflatoxin G1. Also, cultures growing in the medium with an initial pH of 3.5 produced more aflatoxin B1 in the presence of lactic acid at the end of 3 d of incubation than did control cultures. Cultures growing in the presence of 0.5 and 0.75% lactic acid produced the most aflatoxin. Maximum amounts of aflatoxin G1 were produced after 7 d of incubation, with cultures growing in the presence of 0.5 and 0.75% lactic acid producing the most. Lactic acid did not inhibit growth (mycelium weight) of cultures in the medium with initial pH values of 3.5 or 4.5 except there was a slight decrease in mycelial weight when the medium contained 0.5% lactic acid and had an initial pH value of 3.5.

scholarly journals The composition of sacarine substrates for ethanol production and the fermentative capacity Saccharomyces cerevisiae Pedra-2

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (11) ◽  
pp. e44891110235
Author(s):  
Rebeca Fasioli Silva ◽  
Maria do Socorro Mascarenhas Santos ◽  
Larissa Pires Mueller ◽  
Claudia Andrea Lima Cardoso ◽  
Margareth Batistote
Keyword(s):  
Amino Acid ◽  
Sweet Sorghum ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Acid Digestion ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen Sources ◽  
Carbon And Nitrogen ◽  
Fermentative Capacity ◽  
Fermentation Capacity ◽  
Before And After

The production of ethanol in Brazil is based on sugarcane juice, however other biomasses can be used for this process, such as sweet sorghum. However, some nutrients can interfere with fermentation, such as the presence of metals, carbon and nitrogen sources, which can affect the fermentation capacity of yeasts. Thus, this study aims to analyze the presence of fundamental nutrients present in saccharine substrates, as well as their assimilation and conversion of ethanol by the yeast Pedra-2. Samples of sugarcane and sorghum juice were obtained, in which analysis of the presence of metals was carried out using acid digestion and the levels determined by atomic flame absorption spectroscopy. The amino acid analysis was performed on the saccharine substrates at a concentration of 22 ºBrix, before and after fermentation, and analyzed by high-performance liquid chromatography and the concentration of ethanol by gas chromatography. The sorghum broth showed higher amounts of available amino acid metals. The yeast Pedra-2 showed better fermentative performance in the sorghum broth. We can conclude that the sorghum broth represents an important substrate to be used to increase the sustainability and production of ethanol in Brazil.

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