Evolution of Microstructure and Mechanical Properties during Annealing of Cold Rolled Fe-24Mn-3Al-2Si-1Ni-0.06C Twip Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 409 ◽  
pp. 719-724 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ahmed A. Saleh ◽  
Azdiar A. Gazder ◽  
Dagoberto Brandao Santos ◽  
Elena V. Pereloma
Keyword(s):  
Twip Steel ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Automotive Applications ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Testing ◽  
Annealing Twins ◽  
Back Scattering ◽  
Microhardness Testing ◽  
Twip Steels ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Evolution Of Microstructure

TWinning Induced Plasticity (TWIP) steels have been recently developed as a promising material for automotive applications. In the present work the recrystallisation behaviour of 42% cold-rolled Fe-24Mn-3Al-2Si-1Ni-0.06C TWIP steel was investigated during isochronal annealing for 300s via microhardness testing, Electron Back-Scattering Diffraction (EBSD) and uniaxial tensile testing. EBSD internal misorientation data corroborates recrystallised fraction estimates from microhardness measurements. Annealing twins play an important role during recrystallisation by bulging at the deformed grain boundaries during nucleation and generating twin related orientations. During uniaxial tension, the recovered condition recorded three work hardening regions while all partially recrystallised samples exhibited four regions. A modified Hollomon scheme is suggested to account for the effect of strain on microstructure refinement.

Recrystallisation Behaviour of an Fe-Mn-C-Si-Al TWIP

2012 ◽  
Vol 715-716 ◽  
pp. 649-654 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lieven Bracke ◽  
Nieves Cabañas-Poy
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Cold Rolling ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Twip Steel ◽  
Rolling Texture ◽  
Annealing Temperatures ◽  
Twip Steels ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Cold Rolling Texture

The static recrystallisation behaviour of cold rolled and annealed TWinning Induced Plasticity (TWIP) steels is important for its industrial production. The recrystallisation kinetics have been determined for an Fe-Mn-C-Si-Al TWIP steel using hardness measurements and microstructure analysis: it has been shown that recrystallisation progresses rapidly with increased annealing temperature. Recrystallisation was faster at higher cold reductions, and a smaller final grain size was observed at lower annealing temperatures. This indicates that the mechanism is nucleation dominated at lower temperatures; grain growth at higher temperatures appears similar for all reductions. The recrystallisation results in a crystallographic texture where the main components of the cold rolling texture are preserved in the final texture after annealing, although some randomisation was observed.

Hall-Petch Relationship of a TWIP Steel

2009 ◽  
Vol 423 ◽  
pp. 147-152 ◽  
Author(s):  
F. de las Cuevas ◽  
Mónica Reis ◽  
A. Ferraiuolo ◽  
G. Pratolongo ◽  
L. Pentti Karjalainen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Twip Steel ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Strain Behaviour ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Work Hardening Rate ◽  
Twip Steels ◽  
Complete Recrystallization ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Relationship Of

The grain size dependence of the tensile properties of a TWIP steel has been determined for a wide range of grain sizes obtained by grain growth after complete recrystallization of cold rolled material. The near-linear stress-strain behaviour typical of either TWIP steels or other materials that deform by twinning has been observed, the work hardening rate being larger for the smaller grain sizes. The Hall-Petch slope increases as a function of strain, from 350 MPa μm1/2 for the yield stress to 630 MPa μm1/2 for the maximum uniform strain in the tensile tests, ε  0.40. Profuse twinning is observed in deformed specimens by means of FIB-ISE.

scholarly journals Effect of Annealing on the Microstructure, Texture and Mechanical Properties of Severely Deformed Interstitial Free Steel

2012 ◽  
Vol 706-709 ◽  
pp. 1817-1822 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sujoy S. Hazra ◽  
Azdiar A. Gazder ◽  
Elena V. Pereloma
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Interstitial Free ◽  
Abnormal Growth ◽  
Angular Pressing ◽  
Interstitial Free Steel ◽  
Back Scattering ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Shear Punch Testing

Ti-stabilised interstitial free (IF) steel initially subjected to 8 passes, route BCequal channel angular pressing (ECAP) was further cold rolled (CR) at room temperature to 95% thickness reduction. Both samples were isothermally annealed at 710 °C following which their microstructures and micro-textures were compared via electron back-scattering diffraction (EBSD). The mechanical properties first obtained by shear punch testing (SPT) were later corroborated by uniaxial tensile tests. In the case of the ECAP material, continuous recrystallisation is followed by abnormal growth at prolonged annealing times with minor increases in high angle boundary (HAGB) fraction. On the other hand, the additionally CR material shows continuous recrystallisation accompanied by a reduction in the HAGB fraction. After 15 s annealing, the ECAP and CR samples exhibit a good strength-ductility balance; which corresponds to ~52% and ~67% softening, respectively.

Influence of post-welding tempering on mechanical behavior of friction welded joints from medium-carbon steels during tensile test

2020 ◽  
pp. 40-49
Author(s):  
A. S. Atamashkin ◽  
E. Yu. Priymak ◽  
N. V. Firsova
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Welded Joints ◽  
Welded Joint ◽  
Crack Nucleation ◽  
Carbon Steels ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Medium Carbon ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Testing ◽  
Rotary Friction Welding ◽  
Medium Carbon Steels

The paper presents an analysis of the mechanical behavior of friction samples of welded joints from steels 30G2 (36 Mn 5) and 40 KhN (40Ni Cr 6), made by rotary friction welding (RFW). The influence of various temperature conditions of postweld tempering on the mechanical properties and deformation behavior during uniaxial tensile testing is analyzed. Vulnerabilities where crack nucleation and propagation occurred in specimens with a welded joint were identified. It was found that with this combination of steels, postweld tempering of the welded joint contributes to a decrease in the integral strength characteristics under conditions of static tension along with a significant decrease in the relative longitudinal deformation of the tested samples.

scholarly journals Hydrogen-Assisted Fracture of Type 316L Tubing and Orbital Welds

2013 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. San Marchi ◽  
L. A. Hughes ◽  
B. P. Somerday ◽  
X. Tang
Keyword(s):  
Stainless Steels ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Austenitic Stainless Steels ◽  
Gaseous Hydrogen ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Testing ◽  
Type 316L ◽  
316L Austenitic Stainless Steel ◽  
Outside Diameter ◽  
Assisted Fracture

Austenitic stainless steels have been extensively tested in hydrogen environments. These studies have identified the relative effects of numerous materials and environmental variables on hydrogen-assisted fracture. While there is concern that welds are more sensitive to environmental effects than the non-welded base material, in general, there have been relatively few studies of the effects of gaseous hydrogen on the fracture and fatigue resistance of welded microstructures. The majority of published studies have considered welds with geometries significantly different from the welds produced in assembling pressure manifolds. In this study, conventional, uniaxial tensile testing was used to characterize tubing of type 316L austenitic stainless steel with an outside diameter of 6.35 mm. Additionally, orbital tube welds were produced and tested to compare to the non-welded tubing. The effects of internal hydrogen were studied after saturating the tubes and orbital welds with hydrogen by exposure to high-pressure gaseous hydrogen at elevated temperature. The effects of hydrogen on the ductility of the tubing and the orbital tube welds were found to be similar to the effects observed in previous studies of type 316L austenitic stainless steels.

Effect of Intercritical Annealing Temperature on Development of Cold Rolled Dual Phase Steel from Q345 Steel

2013 ◽  
Vol 313-314 ◽  
pp. 693-696
Author(s):  
Ji Yuan Liu ◽  
Fu Xian Zhu ◽  
Shi Cheng Ma
Keyword(s):  
Dual Phase Steel ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Simulation Experiment ◽  
Intercritical Annealing ◽  
Continuous Annealing ◽  
Dual Phase ◽  
Automotive Applications ◽  
Treatment Procedure ◽  
Annealing Temperatures ◽  
Cold Rolled

Cold rolled dual phase steel was developed from Q345 steel by heat treatment procedure for automotive applications. The ultimate tensile strength was improved about 100MPa higher than the traditional cold-rolled Q345 steel in the continuous annealing simulation experiment. The microstructure presented varied characteristics in different intercritical annealing temperatures; mechanical properties were changed correspondingly as well. The chief discussions are focus on the recrystallization, hardenability of austenite and martensite transformation in the experiment.

On the Utility of Crystal Plasticity Modeling to Uncover the Individual Roles of Microdeformation Mechanisms on the Work Hardening Response of Fe-23Mn-0.5C TWIP Steel in the Presence of Hydrogen

2018 ◽  
Vol 140 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Bal ◽  
M. Koyama ◽  
D. Canadinc ◽  
G. Gerstein ◽  
H. J. Maier ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Hydrogen Embrittlement ◽  
Twip Steel ◽  
Strain Response ◽  
Deformation Response ◽  
Self Consistent ◽  
Twip Steels ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
The Individual ◽  
Experimental Findings

This paper presents a combined experimental and theoretical analysis focusing on the individual roles of microdeformation mechanisms that are simultaneously active during the deformation of twinning-induced plasticity (TWIP) steels in the presence of hydrogen. Deformation responses of hydrogen-free and hydrogen-charged TWIP steels were examined with the aid of thorough electron microscopy. Specifically, hydrogen charging promoted twinning over slip–twin interactions and reduced ductility. Based on the experimental findings, a mechanism-based microscale fracture model was proposed, and incorporated into a visco-plastic self-consistent (VPSC) model to account for the stress–strain response in the presence of hydrogen. In addition, slip-twin and slip–grain boundary interactions in TWIP steels were also incorporated into VPSC, in order to capture the deformation response of the material in the presence of hydrogen. The simulation results not only verify the success of the proposed hydrogen embrittlement (HE) mechanism for TWIP steels, but also open a venue for the utility of these superior materials in the presence of hydrogen.

Mechanical behavior of chemically treated ostrich pericardium subjected to uniaxial tensile testing: influence of the suture

2002 ◽  
Vol 62 (1) ◽  
pp. 73-81 ◽  
Author(s):  
J. M. García Páez ◽  
A. Carrera ◽  
E. Jorge Herrero ◽  
I. Millán ◽  
A. Rocha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Tensile Testing ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile ◽  
Uniaxial Tensile Testing ◽  
Chemically Treated
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