Preparation of Micro-Sized Silver Powder Utilized in Paste for Solar Cell Grid Electrode

2011 ◽  
Vol 412 ◽  
pp. 247-250
Author(s):  
Ya Zheng ◽  
Guo You Gan ◽  
Lei Zhang ◽  
Ji Kang Yan ◽  
Jing Hong Du ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Ultrasonic Wave ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Silver Powder ◽  
Narrow Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Silver Particles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Grid Electrode ◽  
X Ray

The micro-sized silver used for solar cell grid electrode was obtained from silver nitrate via chemical reduction under ultrasonic wave and alkaline environment using polyethylene glycol (PEG-6000) as dispersant and alcohol as surfactant, and after agitation, the sol was filtered, washed and dried at constant temperature. The PEG and alcohol protective mechanism in the preparing process of spherical silver particles was studied. Effects of the amount of dispersant, pH, dosage of alcohol, were investigated. The silver powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), respectively. Results show that with 0.35mol/LAgNO3 solution, 25mL ethanol, T = 40°C, pH = 8 and 10min ultrasonic wave, spherical silver power about 1.38 ~ 2.11μm with narrow particle size distribution was fabricated. The paste prepared with ready-made silver powder was printed on the silicon and the contact resistance is very low, indicating the electrical property of the prepared silver is qualified for solar cells.

scholarly journals Production of sub-micro sized silver particles by chemical reduction method in an environmentally-friendly manner

10.30544/478 ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (2) ◽  
pp. 223-235
Author(s):  
Stevan Dimitrijević ◽  
Michele Miliciani ◽  
Silvana Dimitrijević ◽  
Milisav Ranitović ◽  
Željko Kamberović
Keyword(s):  
Large Scale ◽  
Printed Electronics ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Silver Powder ◽  
High Yield ◽  
Silver Particles ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Economic Production ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
High Concentrations

Silver nitrate in the solution was reduced in the presence of the dispersants by ascorbic acid, and silver particles were generated. The main goal was to examine the influence of different dispersants. The purpose was to improve the production process of the micro-sized silver powder for thick film silver pastes for applications in the photovoltaic sector and the printed electronics. Relatively high concentrations of the reagents were used to achieve a high yield of silver particles. It was a strict request for highly economic production. This paper shows the possibilities for the routes for future large-scale synthesis and potential industrial production. The particles were analyzed by the X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and laser diffraction particle size analyzer.

scholarly journals A study concerning the pretreatment of CNTs and its influence on the performance of NIB/CNTs amorphous catalyst

2006 ◽  
Vol 71 (11) ◽  
pp. 1153-1160 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chang Hu-Yuan ◽  
Feng Li ◽  
Li. Hua ◽  
Bin Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Selective Hydrogenation ◽  
Inductively Coupled Plasma ◽  
Acid Treatment ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Chemical Reduction Method ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inductively Coupled ◽  
Selective Hydrogenation Of Acetylene ◽  
Transmission Electron

As prepared carbon nanotubes were pretreated with nitric acid (CNTs-HNO3) or ammonia (CNTs-NH3). Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) measurements showed that the surface of the nanotubes was functionalized with carboxylic and hydroxyl functional groups after the acid treatment and that basic groups containing nitrogen, such as N-H and C-N, were introduced to the surface of the nanotubes after the ammonia treatment. X-Ray diffraction analysis implied that the nickel residue in the CNTs was effectively removed by acid treatment. However, the nickel residue was only partially eliminated by ammonia pretreatment. NiB amorphous catalysts supported on CNTs-HNO3 and CNTs-NH3 were prepared by the impregnation-chemical reduction method and characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), as well as inductively coupled plasma (ICP) spectroscopy and studied in the selective hydrogenation of acetylene. TEM measurements showed that a high density NiB particles of about 9 nm were homogeneously dispersed on the CNTs-NH3. However, NiB particles (13-23 nm)with amean size of 16 nm were scattered on the CNTs-HNO3.As a result, the activity and selectivity of NiB/CNTs-NH3 were higher than those of NiB/CNTs-HNO3 in the selective hydrogenation of acetylene.

Crystal Characterization of Spherical Silicon Solar Cell by X-ray Diffraction

2006 ◽  
Vol 45 (5A) ◽  
pp. 3933-3937 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satoshi Omae ◽  
Takashi Minemoto ◽  
Mikio Murozono ◽  
Hideyuki Takakura ◽  
Yoshihiro Hamakawa
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Silicon Solar Cell ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Crystal Characterization

Efficiency Enhancement by Insertion of ZnO Recombination Barrier Layer in CdS Quantum Dot-Sensitized Solar Cells

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (7) ◽  
pp. 3800-3805
Author(s):  
Abdul Razzaq ◽  
Muhammad Zafar ◽  
Tahir Saif ◽  
Jun Young Lee ◽  
Jung Ki Park ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Quantum Dot ◽  
Barrier Layer ◽  
Open Circuit ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solar Cell Performance ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cds Quantum Dot ◽  
Back Transfer ◽  
Photovoltaic Characteristics

In this investigation we report the formation of thin ZnO recombination barrier layer at TiO2/CdS interface aimed for the improvement in performance of CdS sensitized solar cell. The film was deposited upon nanocrystalline mesoporous TiO2 surface by following a simple chemical process and characterized, using UV-Visible spectroscopy, X-ray diffraction and electron dispersive X-ray measurements. The insertion of ZnO thin layer enhances the QDSC (Quantum dot sensitized solar cell) performance, contributed mainly by an increase in open circuit voltage (Voc) due to reduced electron back transfer from TiO2 conduction band. Moreover, the analysis of photovoltaic characteristics upon increasing the thickness of the ZnO film reveals that the ZnO recombination barrier layer with optimum thickness at porous TiO2/CdS interface proved to be an effective potential barrier for minimizing electron back recombination.

Corrosion Performance of TRIP Steels under Atmospheric Environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 960 ◽  
pp. 3-8
Author(s):  
Hao Xu Wang ◽  
Yi Qin Cai ◽  
Zhuang Li ◽  
Qi Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Trip Steel ◽  
Atmospheric Corrosion ◽  
Alloying Elements ◽  
Atmospheric Environment ◽  
Protective Mechanism ◽  
Corrosion Performance ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Trip Steels ◽  
Surface Morphologies

Atmospheric corrosion test of TRIP steels was conducted in laboratory. The surface morphologies of the specimens were analyzed by scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and electro-probe microanalysis (EPMA). Corrosion performance of TRIP steels under atmospheric environment was investigated by discussing the protective mechanism. The corrosion rates of steel A are significantly greater than steel B in atmospheric environment tests. The enhancement of corrosion performance of TRIP steel is attributed to the additions of alloying elements, such as P, Cr, Cu, and Ni etc.. The alloying elements increase the compactness and densification of rust layers. Electrochemical characteristic of TRIP steel is improved by means of the enhancement of the thermodynamic stability.

Facile synthesis of water-soluble graphene-based composite: Non-covalently functionalized with chitosan-ionic liquid conjugation

2016 ◽  
Vol 09 (03) ◽  
pp. 1650045 ◽  
Author(s):  
Pei-Ying Li ◽  
Kai-Yu Cheng ◽  
Xiu-Cheng Zheng ◽  
Pu Liu ◽  
Xiu-Juan Xu
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Water Soluble ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Facile Synthesis ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Text Interaction

Chitosan-ionic liquid conjugation (CILC), which was prepared through the reaction of 1-(4-bromobutyl)-3-methylimidazolium bromide (BBMIB) with chitosan, was firstly used to prepare functionalized graphene composite via the chemical reduction of graphene oxide (GO). The obtained water soluble graphene-based composite was characterized by transmission electron microscopy (TEM), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD), ultraviolet-visible (UV–Vis) spectroscopy and so on. CILC-RGO showed excellent dispersion stability in water at the concentration of 2.0 mg/mL, which was stable for several months without any precipitate. This may be ascribed to the electrostatic attraction and [Formula: see text]–[Formula: see text] interaction between CILC and graphene.

Unambiguous determination of molecular packing in crystalline donor domains of small molecule solution processed solar cell devices using routine X-ray diffraction techniques

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (10) ◽  
pp. 3536 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aurélien Viterisi ◽  
Núria F. Montcada ◽  
Challuri Vijay Kumar ◽  
Francesc Gispert-Guirado ◽  
Eddy Martin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solar Cell ◽  
Small Molecule ◽  
Molecular Packing ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Solution Processed ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Unambiguous Determination

Synthesis of Ag Nanoparticles-Clinoptilolite Composite by Homogeneous and Heterogeneous Nucleation

2013 ◽  
Vol 755 ◽  
pp. 97-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. Ruíz-Baltazar ◽  
R. Esparza ◽  
R. Pérez ◽  
G. Rosas
Keyword(s):  
Silver Nitrate ◽  
Sodium Borohydride ◽  
Heterogeneous Nucleation ◽  
Ag Nanoparticles ◽  
Natural Zeolite ◽  
Colloidal Solution ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron

In this study, a natural zeolite clinoptilolite-type was impregnated through homogeneous and heterogeneous nucleation with silver nanoparticles. The synthesis of Ag nanoparticles was carried out by chemical reduction of silver nitrate (AgNO3) with sodium borohydride (NaBH4). In the case of homogeneous nucleation, colloidal solution of Ag nanoparticles at concentrations of 1, 2 and 4 parts per million was added and magnetically mixed with the porous material. With respect to heterogeneous nucleation, a solution of clinoptilolite and silver nitrate (0.01 M) was prepared and stirred; subsequently, the reduction of Ag was possible due to the addition of an aqueous solution of sodium borohydride. For the structural characterization, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and infrared spectroscopy (IR) techniques were carried out. The results were compared and discussed in both types of nucleation.

Analysis on Factors Influencing Flake Silver Particles Prepared by Chemical Reduction

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 931-934
Author(s):  
Xu Wei Hu ◽  
Lu Hai Li ◽  
Li Xin Mo ◽  
Sheng Min Zhao ◽  
Xian Leng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Chemical Reduction ◽  
Silver Powder ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Silver Particles ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Electrical And Optical Properties ◽  
Research Directions ◽  
Future Research Directions

Flake silver powder has attracted tremendous interesting due to its specially electrical and optical properties. Chemical reduction method with the advantages of reaction conditions easily controlled and mass production is widely used to prepare flake silver particles. In order to more easily prepare flake silver particles, the generation mechanism of flake silver particles is studied by analyzing the impacts of reaction conditions, such as pH value, kinds of silver seeds, kind of surfactant and concentration of raw material. The results show that flake silver particles can be prepared through controlling reaction conditions. Some problems existing in the preparation of flake silver particles are put forward, and future research directions are also proposed.

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