Diagnosis of White Spot Defects Drived from Gear Wheel Carbonization and its Corresponding Measures

2011 ◽  
Vol 418-420 ◽  
pp. 760-764
Author(s):  
Hong Li Liu ◽  
Ming Xi Liu
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Gear Wheel ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Vacuum Carburizing ◽  
Ultrasonic Cleaning ◽  
Carbonization Process ◽  
Grinding Burn

To account for the adverse effects of white spot defects onto the performance of gear wheel, physicochemical properties are studied based on the conducted surface carbonization experiment. Further, the geneses for white spot defects are discussed and the solutions to this problem are also clarified. It is found from the physicochemical analysis that the white spot defects occurred on gear surface can be classified into two parts: a) the ‘single white spot’, which originates from the sick point produced during the carbonization process, and b) the ‘multiple continuous spots’, which are produced by either the non-uniformity surface carbonization or the grinding burn or otherwise the micro ecarbonization caused by overheat on gear surface. For different white spot defects, different strategies should be employed: ultrasonic cleaning technique should be performed for the single white spot case, while for the ‘multiple white spot’ case, not only should the vacuum carburizing technique be employed to avoid surface non-uniformity of carbonization, but also vacuum oil quenching are needed to clear up the defects induced by micro decarbonization.

PHASE EQUILIBRIUM IN THE AS2TE3-TM2TE3 SYSTEM.

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (8(77)) ◽  
pp. 65-68
Author(s):  
Teymur Mammad Ilyasly ◽  
Rahman Hasanaga Fatullazade ◽  
Zakir Islam Ismailov ◽  
Nigar Nadir Jafarova
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Phase Equilibrium ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Thermal Effects ◽  
Isothermal Annealing ◽  
Intermediate Phase ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Two Phases

The synthesis of alloys of the system was carried out stepwise in rotary furnaces. The synthesis mode was selected based on the physicochemical properties of the elementary components. For homogenization, the alloys were subjected to isothermal annealing at 750 and 1275 K, depending on the Tm2Te3 concentration, for 250 h after homogenization of the alloys, they were subjected to physicochemical analysis. The results of differential thermal analysis showed that reversible thermal effects are observed in the alloys of the system. In alloys in a 1: 1 ratio, a new intermediate phase is formed with a composition corresponding to the TmAsTe3 compound. The homogeneity area is observed in the concentration range 52.5-47.5. It was found that in the concentration range 98.5-52.5 Tm2Te3 there are two phases - a mixture of β and of the solid solution, and in the concentration range of 47.51 mol% Tm2Te3 phases and α are in equilibrium. ) 66 The eutectic has coordinates of 11.5 mol Tm2Te3 at a temperature of 575 K.

scholarly journals Toxicological Profile of Plasmonic Nanoparticles in Zebrafish Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 22 (12) ◽  
pp. 6372
Author(s):  
Marta d’Amora ◽  
Vittoria Raffa ◽  
Francesco De Angelis ◽  
Francesco Tantussi
Keyword(s):  
Surface Plasmon Resonance ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Surface Plasmon ◽  
Danio Rerio ◽  
Plasmonic Nanoparticles ◽  
Comprehensive Understanding ◽  
Zebrafish Model ◽  
Toxicological Profile ◽  
Materials Used

Plasmonic nanoparticles are increasingly employed in several fields, thanks to their unique, promising properties. In particular, these particles exhibit a surface plasmon resonance combined with outstanding absorption and scattering properties. They are also easy to synthesize and functionalize, making them ideal for nanotechnology applications. However, the physicochemical properties of these nanoparticles can make them potentially toxic, even if their bulk metallic forms are almost inert. In this review, we aim to provide a more comprehensive understanding of the potential adverse effects of plasmonic nanoparticles in zebrafish (Danio rerio) during both development and adulthood, focusing our attention on the most common materials used, i.e., gold and silver.

scholarly journals Computational Analysis for Physicochemical Properties of Compounds in Senna auriculata Leaves Methanolic Extract to have Antidiabetic Potentials and their Molecular Interaction with α-amylase

2021 ◽  
pp. 30-42
Author(s):  
Abdulaziz Bin Dukhyil
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Docking ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Methanolic Extract ◽  
Natural Compounds ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Dynamics Simulation ◽  
Carbohydrate Hydrolysis ◽  
Catalytic Active Site ◽  
Inhibitory Potential

Aims: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is chronic disorder well known for increased glucose level in blood. This disease can be controlled by inhibiting the enzyme (e.g., α-amylase) involve in carbohydrate hydrolysis. Senna auriculata leaves methanolic extract (SALME) have potential antidiabetic properties and it was also found to be safe in preclinical studies. In this study the aim was to explore the molecular interactions of α-amylase and bioactive compounds in SALME and their physicochemical properties. Methodology: Computational approach such as molecular docking and physicochemical analysis prediction was applied to understand the antidiabetic potential of natural compounds present in SALME. Results: The results showed from physicochemical analysis that out of 11 only 7 compounds are having drug like properties which are orally and intestinally better bioavailable. Furthermore, molecular docking analysis explained that three compounds (C3, C4, and C7) have lower binding energy, ΔG (-8, -9.1, -9.5 kcal/mol) and better binding affinity, Ki (7.31 x 105, 4.68 x 106, and 9.2 x 106 M-1, respectively) than the acarbose ΔG (-7.8 kcal/mol) and Ki (6.18 x 105 M-1), a well-known FDA approved medication for DM. The study also explained the binding pattern that the catalytic residue such as Asp197, Glu233 and Asp300 are involved in stabilizing the natural compounds with in the catalytic active site of target enzyme. Conclusions: From the results it has been concluded that these three compounds found in SALME have better inhibitory potential for α-amylase in comparison with acarbose. Further validation of the findings is required through molecular dynamics simulation, ADME-T study, and in-vitro enzyme inhibition by the purified compounds.

Progress in novel ultradeformable vesicular drug carrier in the topical and transdermal treatment of psoriasis

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (12) ◽  
pp. 807-819
Author(s):  
Nirmala Nayak ◽  
Preethi Somanna ◽  
Amit B Patil ◽  
Arun Radhakrishnan
Keyword(s):  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Delivery System ◽  
Drug Concentration ◽  
Drug Carrier ◽  
Autoimmune Condition ◽  
Edge Activator ◽  
Infected Skin

Psoriasis is a chronic autoimmune condition that is described by infected skin patches. Ultradeformable vesicles have been a novel carrier for the treatment of psoriasis in topical and transdermal therapy. The systemic route may induce adverse effects and the drug concentration may not be localized when applied topically to the psoriasis skin due to their physicochemical properties. These limitations can be overcome by a vesicular delivery system such as transferosomes. Research on transferosomes is ongoing. Transferosomes are flexible deformable vesicular structures, which consist of a bilayer softening agent such as an edge activator, which allows it to penetrate deeper dermal layers. This review outlines the use of transferosomes in the treatment of deeply rooted dermal disorders like psoriasis.

Viability of white spot syndrome virus (WSSV) in shrimp pond sediments with reference to physicochemical properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 (5) ◽  
pp. 1369-1382 ◽  
Author(s):  
Satheesh Kumar S ◽  
R. Ananda Bharathi ◽  
J. J. S. Rajan ◽  
V. Chitra ◽  
M. Muralidhar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
White Spot Syndrome Virus ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Shrimp Pond ◽  
Pond Sediments ◽  
White Spot Syndrome

scholarly journals Review of Pharmaceutical Applications of N-Methyl-2-Pyrrolidone

2010 ◽  
Vol 13 (4) ◽  
pp. 524 ◽  
Author(s):  
Abolghasem Jouyban ◽  
Mohammad Amin Abolghasemi Fakhree ◽  
Ali Shayanfar
Keyword(s):  
Side Effects ◽  
Adverse Effects ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Physicochemical Characteristics ◽  
Pharmaceutical Sciences ◽  
Pharmaceutical Applications ◽  
Pharmaceutical Industries

N-Methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP) or Pharmasolve is very strong solubilizing agent and it has important applications in different fields of industry. This review presents NMP physicochemical characteristics, application especially in pharmaceutical sciences, pharmacokinetic and toxicity. Characteristics of NMP such as physicochemical properties, solubilization efficacy, toxicity and adverse effects were compared with other common solvents used in the pharmaceutical industries. This review reveals that NMP is an acceptable pharmaceutical solvent and its efficacy, toxicity, and side effects are comparable with other common solvent.

scholarly journals The Effect of Selected Ripening Agents on the Physico-Chemical Properties and Sulphide/ Sulphate Distribution of Banana (Musa Sapientum) Fruit

2021 ◽  
pp. 10-17
Author(s):  
C. A. Orisa ◽  
C. I. Usoroh
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Calcium Carbide ◽  
Titratable Acidity ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Health Hazards ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Carbide Powder ◽  
Banana Fruit ◽  
Fruit Samples

This study aimed at evaluating the effect of two ripening agents (calcium carbide and kerosene fumes) on the physiochemical properties and sulphide/sulphur distribution of banana fruit. Freshly unripe banana fruit were treated with calcium carbide powder and kerosene fumes and ripened within 48 hrs. Fruit samples were also ripened naturally and served as control. The samples were analyzed for physicochemical properties and sulphur/suphate distribution (outer and inner). The result of physicochemical analysis revealed a significant (p<0.05) decrease in pH (5.43-4.75), total titratable acidity (TTA) (5.03-0.47%), moisture (75.87-67.13%), carbohydrate (11.14-5.09%) and vitamin C (0.27-0.002mg/100g) with an increase in total soluble solids (2.00-19.30oBrix) following ripening process. Amongst the ripened fruits, fruits ripened with calcium carbide had highest TTA (1.63%) and moisture (74.75%). Accelerated ripened banana fruits had low pH>5 and higher TSS than naturally ripened sample. The concentrations of sulphur/sulphide (0.29-1.85mg/kg) were below the limit of 50 mg/kg indicating that the fruits were still safe for consumption against health threats posed by high concentrations of sulphate/sulphide. This study therefore quantified the changes in physicochemical properties of artificially ripened banana fruits and their possible health hazards. The study is very useful particularly in relation to the health hazards associated with chemical treatment for banana ripening. This will be useful to banana fruit sellers as it may help to           optimise the ripening practices which may lead to reduce the safety and health concerns of the consumer.

scholarly journals RESEARCH IN THE FIELD OF GLASS FORMATION IN THE ASS-ERS SYSTEM

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (8(62)) ◽  
pp. 35-38
Author(s):  
DUNIA TALEH HASANOVA
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Transition Region ◽  
Glass Formation ◽  
Eutectic Composition ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Glass Transition Region ◽  
X Ray

In order to determine the region of glass formation between the AsS and ErS compounds, we studied the methods of physicochemical analysis: differential thermal (DTA), X-ray phase (XRD), microstructural (MCA), as well as by measuring microhardness and density. The eutectic composition between the AsS and ErS compounds is 10 mol. % ErS and temperature 280oC. At a cooling rate v = 102 K / min, the glass transition region based on AsS reaches 10 mol. % ErS. Some physicochemical properties of alloys from the region of glass formation have been investigated. The area of homogeneity based on AsS reaches up to 1.5 mol. % ErS.

Impacts of Heavy Metal Enriched Tailings of Magnesite Mine on Surrounding Water Reservoirs

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 521-527
Keyword(s):  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Water Sample ◽  
Rainy Season ◽  
Water Reservoir ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Essential Elements ◽  
Water Reservoirs ◽  
Surrounding Water ◽  
Metal Pollutants ◽  
Water Ecosystem

The prime aim of this study was to assess the physicochemical properties of water reservoirs from magnesite mine surrounding four sites (each direction) on three seasons such as summer, winter, and rainy season. The results attained from the physicochemical analysis states that all the surrounding water reservoir samples have been severely polluted by both essential and non-essential elements. Predominantly the water sample taken from the site I of three seasons has been severely affected by the metal pollutants. The site I water sample unacceptable (mg L-1) physicochemical properties such as turbidity (16.20±1.3; 15.23±1.8; 18.29±1.5), conductivity (2742.30±2.7; 2652.24±2.1; 2785.25±2.1), TDS (2085.13±4.3; 2024.15±2.1; 2113.10±1.2), TSS (712.21±2.1; 692.31±1.12; 711.12±1.5), hardness (765.38±2.4; 738.65±2.1; 781.23±2.9), BOD (208.12±1.7; 201.31±1.2; 212.31±1.5), COD (312.74±0.98; 301.54±1.21; 307.721±1.51), DO (1.12±.39; 1.01±.28; 1.02±0.23), Ca (265.28±1.21; 252.14±1.34; 275.34±1.17), Mg (124.56±1.54; 117.32±1.28; 135.28±1.62), Cl (1248.64±2.69; 1203.17±2.18; 1351.21±1.34), Zn (75.61±1.85; 71.52±1.02; 78.32±1.21), Cd (24.54±0.84; 21.28±0.61; 26.25±0.71), Pb (11.52±0.95; 8.2±0.52; 12.35±0.52), and Cr (3.1±0.054; 2.9±0.063; 3.5±0.21) contents of summer, winter, and the rainy season correspondingly. Among these three seasons, the water sample collected during rainy season possesses more quantity metals than other seasons. These results confirmed that the metal contamination has been spreading from the abandoned magnesite mine tailing. These unacceptable physicochemical properties could cause severe ecological damage to the water ecosystem.

scholarly journals SYNTHESIS AND STUDY OF PHYSICOCHEMICAL PROPERTIES OF CAST IRON WITH FUNCTIONAL PROPERTIES FOR WORKING PART OF BIMETALLIC ROLLING PINS

2021 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 113-119
Author(s):  
R.I. Kerimov ◽  
◽  
I.B. Bakhtiyarly ◽  
S.N. Namazov ◽  
F.T. Guliyev ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cast Iron ◽  
Transition Metals ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Functional Properties ◽  
Physicochemical Analysis ◽  
Molten Iron ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Complex Methods

A new functional cast iron alloyed with transition metals was synthesized for the manufacture of the working part of rolls. Its properties were studied using complex methods of physicochemical analysis (DTA, X-ray, MSA and measurement of hardness and microhardness). It was found that traces of martenicite, cementite, carbon (graphite) and α-ferritin are released in the subsolidus during cooling of molten iron in the studied concentration range (2.7 ÷ 3.5 %wt C. It includes transition metals as an alloying agent increasing resistance of cast iron to twisting, corrosion and destruction during operation.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document