Smelting Cleaness Control of Supercritical Rotor Steel 30Cr2Ni4MoV

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 199-204
Author(s):  
Teng Chang Lin ◽  
Rong Zhu ◽  
Wei Xing ◽  
Xin Zhou ◽  
Wen Juan Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Melting Point ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Smelting Process ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Rotor Steel ◽  
Steel Cleanliness ◽  
Nitrogen Contents

The cleanness of 30Cr2Ni4MoV steel was researched by chemical analysis, SEM and electrolytic experiment. The results show that the large-sized inclusions in the casting is the direct reason for the product to scrap. It found that there is a increase trend of large-sized inclusions and oxygen content from VD to pouring process with a cleanness detection of smelting process. It have achieved a good effect by adopting some measures to improve steel cleanliness which includes controlling the carbon content of EAF tapping reasonablly, low melting point controlling of inclusions, extending soft blow time and optimizing the flow field of tundish. The quantity of inclusions has reduced from 38.8 per square millimeter to 16.0 per square millimeter. The oxygen content has reduced from 58 × 10-6 to 32 × 10-6, and the nitrogen contents has reduced from 85 × 10-6 to 70 × 10-6 after process improvment.

ALGOMA AR225

Alloy Digest ◽  
2003 ◽  
Vol 52 (12) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Steel ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Brinell Hardness ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Heat Treating ◽  
Rolled Plate ◽  
High Carbon ◽  
High Carbon Content

Abstract Algoma AR225 is a carbon steel developed primarily to supply a low-cost material for high-abrasion applications. It is furnished in the form of as-rolled plate with a relatively high carbon content (0.35-0.45%). AR-225 is sold on the basis of chemical analysis only; the number 225 signifies the approximate Brinell hardness. On thicknesses one-half inch and over, this Brinell value may be lower than 225 because of higher finishing temperatures. This datasheet provides information on composition, physical properties, hardness, and elasticity. It also includes information on forming, heat treating, machining, and joining. Filing Code: CS-138. Producer or source: Algoma Steel Corporation Ltd.

Effect of Dissolved Oxygen Content on Gelling Strength of Chromium Gel in Block Hai 1

2014 ◽  
Vol 1008-1009 ◽  
pp. 243-246
Author(s):  
Peng Fei Yuan ◽  
Guang Sheng Cao ◽  
Xiao Ma ◽  
Xiao Ping Wang ◽  
Xin Tian
Keyword(s):  
Dissolved Oxygen ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Profile Control ◽  
Liaohe Oilfield ◽  
Weak Gel ◽  
Main Factors ◽  
Implementation Effect ◽  
Gelling Time

Jinma company of Liaohe oilfield has carried out weak gel flooding in-depth in block Hai1 and achieved good effect. But in the process of profile and flooding, problems of gelation fluctuating and gelling rate declining seriously affected the implementation effect of the profile control and flooding project. It is researched that one of main factors affecting gelling effect of profile and flooding system is the dissolved oxygen. Aiming at this problem, this paper studies critical value affecting gelling in combination with the actual situation of polymer displacement in block Hai 1. The experimental results show that, content of dissolved oxygen affects both gelling strength and gelling time of weak gel in the way that when dissolved oxygen content is between 0mg/L and 3mg/L, low gelling strength and long gelling time are obtained, while in the range of 4mg/L-10mg/L, gelling effect is good. Two critical values are respective 1.5mg/L and 7mg/L.

Multiple Vortex Body Vortex Numerical Simulation

2011 ◽  
Vol 328-330 ◽  
pp. 1755-1758
Author(s):  
Han Xiao Liu ◽  
Zhong Liu ◽  
Huai Liang Li ◽  
Xin Xin Feng ◽  
Zhen Zhong Xing
Keyword(s):  
Numerical Simulation ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Turbulence Intensity ◽  
Continuity Equation ◽  
Momentum Equation ◽  
Turbulent Intensity ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Train Of Thought

In this paper, the continuity equation, momentum equation and the k-ε turbulence equation were introduced to simulate the flow field of the multiple vortex bodies in different spacing cases. Found that each vortex body had good effect in producing vortex, and the greater flow field spacing, the smaller the highest velocity; the turbulence intensity is increasing gradually from the former vortex body to the next one, and there may be a best spacing between the vortex bodies which makes the best turbulent intensity. All of these theories provide a train of thought for the turbulent coalescence mechanism.

scholarly journals Physico-chemical Analysis of beeswax procured from Mumbai market, Western Ghats (Natural Habitat)

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (05) ◽  
pp. 186-190
Author(s):  
Shrutika Suresh Naik ◽  
Sheela Pargunde
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Western Ghats ◽  
Natural Habitat ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Fatty Acid Esters ◽  
Plant Oil ◽  
Physico Chemical ◽  
Market Sample

Beeswax is the substance that is obtained from the structure of a honey comb. The bees secrete wax to build the honey combs to store honey. It has rich hydrophobic property, the beeswax is in fact present within cosmetics and body products. Also, beeswax is used in food industry. Beeswax is a complex mixture of hydrocarbons, free fatty acid, esters of fatty acid. Beeswax plays an important role in Ayurvedic medicine, the traditional medicine name with Madhushistha (Beewax). The Madhushistha is used for the care of wound from abrasion or even from burns with topical application. Some references in Ayurvedic granth highlight the use of Madhushistha in combination with other herbal and mineral mixture, like Sikta Taila, Mruddaharshringa, Jatyadi Taila, etc. Beeswax is mainly of two types, natural beeswax and processed beeswax. Natural beeswax is clarified further heating in water with petroleum waxes. Because of high demand and shortage in market, adulteration of beeswax with cheaper materials are common like animal fat, plant oil and petroleum spirits (Paraffin wax). Hence authenticity of beeswax is major concern and that can be determined by using physico-chemical parameters such as- organoleptic test, solubility, Melting point, Spacific gravity, Refractive index, Acid value, Ester value, Saponification value, volatile matter. With this justification the present study is expected to determine the quality status of four different beeswax samples procured from Mumbai market, western ghats (Natural habitat). The physico-chemical analysis revealed that volatile matter is detected in market sample (2) whereas market sample (1) shows higher melting point as compare to beeswax collected from the Natural habitat. Market sample (1,2) of beeswax shows slight adulteration hence natural habitat samples (1,2) of beeswax should be used in medicine preparation.

scholarly journals Effect of Acid Slag Treatment on the Inclusions in GCr15 Bearing Steel

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2019) ◽  
pp. 760-766
Author(s):  
Yang Liu ◽  
Jing Li ◽  
Jinpeng Ge ◽  
Dingli Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Melting Point ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Bearing Steel ◽  
Refining Slag ◽  
Slag Treatment ◽  
Gcr15 Bearing Steel ◽  
Inclusions In Steel

AbstractBy laboratory slag/steel reaction equilibrim experiments, the viriation of oxygen content, inclusion compositions and inclusion sizes were studied. The effect of acid slag treatment on the transition mechanisms of D-type inclusions and the precipitation of TiN inclusions in GCr15 bearing steel were explored. The obtained results showed that the dominant inclusions in steel were plastic and smaller Al2O3-SiO2-MnO. The melting point were lower than 1400°C treated by the acid refining slag of 35.1%CaO-15%Al2O3-43.9%SiO2-6%MgO and there was no TiN found. The evolution of MgO·Al2O3 inclusions is: MgO·Al2O3→ MgO·Al2O3·SiO2·MnO→ Al2O3·SiO2·MnO. Mg and Al from MgO·Al2O3 inclusions were displaced by [Si] and [Mn] in steel liquid , and formation of plastic Al2O3-SiO2-MnO inclusions finally, whose compositions distribution were uniform. Mg and Si, Mn were complementary in inclusions as to the spatial distribution.

scholarly journals Radiocarbon Dating of Iron: A Northern Contribution

Radiocarbon ◽  
2009 ◽  
Vol 51 (2) ◽  
pp. 873-881 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Oinonen ◽  
G Haggren ◽  
A Kaskela ◽  
M Lavento ◽  
V Palonen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Reference Material ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Accelerator Mass Spectrometry ◽  
Radiocarbon Dating ◽  
Age Determination ◽  
Smelting Process ◽  
Iron Smelting ◽  
Elemental Analyses

The iron dating project Aikarauta has been launched in Finland. This paper presents the results of the preliminary investigations. The ability for radiocarbon measurement by accelerator mass spectrometry (AMS) of iron in Finland has been demonstrated by using coal-produced iron as reference material. An elemental analyzer has been harnessed to measure the carbon content of small iron samples. In addition, we have hypothesized that a fingerprint of the limestone usage in the smelting process is the high Ca content of iron and slag. This has been examined by performing an iron smelting experiment with limestone as flux, by making elemental analyses of ingredients and the resulting slag and iron, and by a 14C analysis of the produced iron. It is possible that limestone dilutes the 14C contents of the produced iron, making its age determination challenging.

Influence of Oxygen and Boron on Defect Production in Irradiated Silicon

1987 ◽  
Vol 104 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. J. Drevinsky ◽  
C. E. Caefer ◽  
S. P. Tobin ◽  
J. C. Mikkelsen ◽  
L. C. Kimerling
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Content ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Boron Concentration ◽  
Electron Trap ◽  
Hole Trap ◽  
Defect Production ◽  
Interstitial Defects ◽  
Defect Reactions ◽  
P Type ◽  
Initial Results

ABSTRACTIntroduction rates of dominant defects have been determined for electron-irradiated, p-type silicon as a function of oxygen and boron concentration. Samples included those with oxygen content ranging from 8 × 1015 to 7 × 1017 cm−3. Initial results are described for samples with measured carbon content varying from 2 × 1015 to 6 × 1016 cm−3. Competing defect reactions involving the interstitial defects, Bi and Ci, and oxygen, boron, and carbon are observed. The identities of an electron trap (Bi-Oi) and a hole trap (Bi-Bs) have been clarified.

The Bencubbin meteorite: further details, including microscopic character of host material and two chondrite enclaves

1968 ◽  
Vol 36 (281) ◽  
pp. 726-739 ◽  
Author(s):  
G. J. H. McCall
Keyword(s):  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Carbon Content ◽  
Smithsonian Institution ◽  
Host Material ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Nickel Iron ◽  
Mesh Work ◽  
Enstatite Chondrite ◽  
Textural Modification

SummaryThe Bencubbin meteorite and some of its enclaves have been studied in thin section under transmitted light: supporting X-ray diffraction and chemical data have been supplied by the Smithsonian Institution, Washington. These results show the host material to consist of clinoenstatite and a little olivine (both nearly pure magnesian varieties) set in an opaque (cryptocrystalline ?) base, which is, in turn, enclosed in a mesh-work of nickel-iron, of composition equivalent to a hexa-hedrite. Two enclaves are revealed as: an atypical olivine-hypersthene chondrite (in the mode, the olivine is Fa19, and pigeonite takes the place of orthopyroxene, but the chemical analysis is typical except for a small but appreciable carbon content); and an enstatite chondrite displaying crudely formed chondrules (chemically typical, with a small but appreciable carbon content).The chondrite enclaves are not recrystallized: though Lovering has referred to the first as ‘thermally metamorphosed’, and both are dark coloured, there seems to be little evidence of the effect of the metallic host, which must surely have been molten, on the chondrite enclaves, which seem to have been able to survive in this environment without mineralogical or textural modification.Lovering has stressed the importance of this meteorite in its bearing on meteorite provenance and genesis, and the further implications of this present study are discussed briefly.

Effects of Oxygen Content on the Properties of Ultra-High-Temperature Resistant Si-Al-C Fibers

2008 ◽  
Vol 368-372 ◽  
pp. 1774-1777 ◽  
Author(s):  
Da Fang Zhao ◽  
Xiao Dong Li ◽  
Hao Wang ◽  
Chun Man Zheng ◽  
Hai Zhe Wang
Keyword(s):  
High Temperature ◽  
Chemical Composition ◽  
Chemical Analysis ◽  
Oxygen Content ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
C Fibers ◽  
Co Gas ◽  
Ultra High Temperature

Ultra-high-temperature resistant Si-Al-C fibers derived from polyaluminocarbosilane were prepared by the procedures of melt-spinning, air curing and heated at 1800°C. It was found that oxygen content in the cured fibers has great influences on the chemical composition of the Si-Al-C fibers and its crystalline behavior during sintering. When oxygen content of cured fibers was too high, crystallite grains in the fiber would grow up. Oxygen evolvement in the fiber during the preparation was studied in detail by chemical analysis. It was found that oxygen is liberated mainly as CO gas from 1300°C to1600°C.

Experimental and Numerical Investigation on the Aerodynamic Performance of a Compressor Cascade Using Blended Blade and End Wall

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jiabin Li ◽  
Lucheng Ji ◽  
Weilin Yi
Keyword(s):  
Wind Tunnel ◽  
Flow Field ◽  
Turbulence Model ◽  
Numerical Study ◽  
Incidence Angle ◽  
Good Effect ◽  
Compressor Cascade ◽  
Corner Separation ◽  
Sst Turbulence Model ◽  
End Wall

Nowadays, the corner separation, occurring near the corner region formed by the suction surface of blade and end wall, has been an important limitation for the increasing of the aerodynamic loading in the compressor. The previous numerical studies indicate that the Blended Blade and End Wall (BBEW) technology is useful in delaying, or reducing, or even eliminating the corner separation. To further validate the concept, this paper presents combined experimental and numerical investigations on a BBEW cascade and its prototype. Firstly, the NACA65 linear compressor cascade with the turning angle 42 degrees was designed and tested in a low-speed wind tunnel. Then, the cascade with blended blade and end wall design was made and tested in the same wind tunnel. The experimental results show that the design of blended blade and end wall can improve the performance of the cascade when the incidence angle was positive or at the design point, and the total pressure loss coefficient was reduced by 7%–8%. The performance improvement mainly located from 10%–25% span heights. Secondly, based on the experimental data, the numerical study made by our internal code Turbo-CFD shows the difference of the simulation precision of the results, obtained from four different turbulence model after the mesh independence test. The four turbulence model is Spalart-Allmaras model, standard k-ε model, standard k-ω model, and shear stress transport k-ω model. For this case, the SST turbulence model has better performance compared with others. Thirdly, based on the results which were calculated with the turbulence model SST, the effect of the blended blade and end wall design was discussed. The numerical study shows that the design with the blended blade and end wall can have a good effect on the corner flow of the cascade. The strong three-dimensional corner separation, caused by the accumulation of the flow happening at the trail of the suction side was avoided, and the flow losses of the prototype cascade were reduced. Above all, the experiment shows that the design with blended blade and end wall can improve the performance of the cascade. Compared with the experiment data, the SST turbulence model shows the best results of the flow field. Based on the numerical results, the details of the flow field and the effect of the blended blade and end wall design on the corner separation are discussed and analyzed.

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