Research on Preparation Technology Parameters of Two Organically Modified Bentonites

2012 ◽  
Vol 573-574 ◽  
pp. 283-287
Author(s):  
Xiao Feng Wang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Laboratory Simulation ◽  
Pig Manure ◽  
Simulation Methods ◽  
Organic Substances ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Preparation Technology ◽  
Organically Modified

This paper adopts the laboratory simulation methods and makes explorations on the best modification parameters of Bentonite affected by two kinds of organic substances, pig manure degradable solution and HDTMA. The best preparation technology condition for pig manure degradable solution modification Bentonite is W pig manure: WBentonite=3:1 (mass ratio). PH is 9. The reaction temperature is 40°C and the reaction time is 4h. The best preparation technology condition for HDTMA modification Bentonite is WHDTMA: WBentonite =1:2 (mass ratio). PH is 7. The reaction temperature is 90°C and the reaction time is 2.5h.

scholarly journals Extraction of alumina from alumina rich coal gangue by a hydro-chemical process

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 192132 ◽  
Author(s):  
Quancheng Yang ◽  
Fan Zhang ◽  
Xingjian Deng ◽  
Hongchen Guo ◽  
Chao Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Chemical Process ◽  
Energy Dispersive Spectrometer ◽  
Coal Gangue ◽  
Added Value ◽  
High Alumina ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Vast quantities of gangue from coal mining and processing have accumulated over the years and caused significant economic and environmental problems in China. For high added-value utilization of alumina rich coal gangue (ARCG), a mild hydro-chemical process was investigated to extract alumina. The influences of NaOH concentration, mass ratio of alkali to gangue, reaction temperature and reaction time were systematically studied. An alumina extraction rate of 94.68% was achieved at the condition of NaOH concentration 47.5%, alkali to gangue ratio of 6, reaction temperature of 260°C and reaction time of 120 min. The obtained leaching residues were characterized through X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and energy-dispersive spectrometer. Research confirmed that kaolinite the main alumina-bearing phase of ARCG can be decomposed and transformed to Na 8 Al 6 Si 6 O 24 (OH) 2 (H 2 O) 2 and Ca 2 Al 2 SiO 6 (OH) 2 at relatively low temperature and short reaction time. Additionally, Na 8 Al 6 Si 6 O 24 (OH) 2 (H 2 O) 2 and Ca 2 Al 2 SiO 6 (OH) 2 are unstable and will transform to alumina-free phase NaCaHSiO 4 under the optimal conditions, which is the major reason for high alumina extraction rates.

Study on Liquefaction of Corncob in Polyhydric Alcohols

2011 ◽  
Vol 183-185 ◽  
pp. 1110-1113
Author(s):  
Yuan Bo Huang ◽  
Yun Wu Zheng ◽  
Hao Feng ◽  
Zhi Feng Zheng ◽  
Ying Zi Jiang
Keyword(s):  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Hydroxyl Number ◽  
Catalyst Amount ◽  
Peg 400 ◽  
Polyhydric Alcohols ◽  
Liquid Products

The liquefaction of corncob in polyhydric alcohols was investigated by using sulfuric acid as a catalyst. Results showed that the best liquefaction could be obtained with residue percent of 4.5% under the conditions with the corncob/polyhydric alcohols mass ratio of 1/5, reaction temperature of 150°C, reaction time of 60 min, catalyst amount of 3% (based on the weight of corncob), PEG 400/glycerin mass ratio of 7/3 in the polyhydric alcohols, respectively. The liquefied liquid products had acid number of 18.9 mg KOH/g and hydroxyl number of 616.3mg KOH/g, respectively.

scholarly journals Investigating the zinc ion adsorption capacity of a chitosan/β-cyclodextrin complex in wastewater

2020 ◽  
Vol 143 ◽  
pp. 02006
Author(s):  
Jiaxin Liu ◽  
Siqi Wang ◽  
Xiuqing Ding ◽  
Jingyi Fu ◽  
Jun Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Zinc Ion ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Industrial Waste Water ◽  
Cyclodextrin Complex ◽  
Experimental Conditions ◽  
Polyethylene Glycol 400 ◽  
Adsorption Rates

To decrease the amount of Zn2+ in industrial waste water, in this study, β-cyclodextrin (β-CD) was first modified and then used to obtain a β-cyclodextrin polymer (β-CDP). The effects of reaction temperature and reaction time of β-CD with citric acid (CA), polyethylene glycol 400 (PEG-400), and disodium hydrogen phosphate (NaH2PO4) on the amount of β-CDP produced were investigated. The results showed that at a reaction temperature of 145 °C and a reaction time of 4.5 h, 6.58 g of β-CDP was produced. Then, chitosan (CTS) was crosslinked with β-CDP using glutaraldehyde to prepare a chitosan/β-cyclodextrin (CTS/β-CDP) complex. The mass ratio of CTS to β-CDP, reaction temperature, reaction time, and amount of added glutaraldehyde were used as the main variables to examine the Zn2+ adsorption rate and adsorption capacity of the composites prepared in this study. The optimum experimental conditions were as follows: a mass ratio of 3:10, a reaction temperature of 80 °C, a reaction time of 90 min, and 2 mL of glutaraldehyde. Under these optimal conditions, the adsorption amount and adsorption rates of Zn2+ using CTS/β-CDP complex were respectively 97.70 mg·g-1 and 78.92%.

Study on a High-Temperature Delayed Cross-Linked Acid

2012 ◽  
Vol 624 ◽  
pp. 252-255 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiao Zhao ◽  
Qi Song ◽  
Hai Lin ◽  
Yan Ling Wang ◽  
Zeng Bao Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Lactic Acid ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Zirconium Oxychloride ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Acid System ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Reaction Conditions

A retarded zirconium cross-linking agent ECA-1 was prepared by using zirconium oxychloride, lactic acid， xylitol, and so on, then we got a high-temperature delayed cross-linking acid with cross-linking agent ECA-1 added to EVA-180 gelling acid, cross-linked acid performance and its influencing factors were discussed in details, such as reaction conditions of crosslinker, concentrations of crosslinker and thickener, and so on. The results showed that the obtained cross-linked acid had good temperature-tolerate and shear-tolerate properties when the mass ratio of zirconium oxychloride, lactic acid and xylitol is 1:1.25:0.0208 , the reaction temperature is 50~55°C, the reaction time is 4 hours, the delayed cross-linking time of acid system can be adjusted by changing the dosage of crosslinker and thickener.

The Preparation of Magnesium Hydroxide Whiskers

2017 ◽  
Vol 726 ◽  
pp. 350-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qing Li Ren ◽  
Qiang Luo
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Magnesium Hydroxide ◽  
Hydrothermal Conditions ◽  
Preparation Technology

The magnesium hydroxide whiskers,its length being about 30μm and its diameter being about 3μm, was prepared by hydrothermal conditions. The effect of preparation technology, which includes the reaction temperature and reaction time, was discussed according to the results of XRD, TEM, and SEM. Moreover, the mechanism of the preparation of magnesium hydroxide whiskers was studied.

Research of Catalytic Oxidation Synthesis of Cyclopentene to Glutaraldehyde

2011 ◽  
Vol 391-392 ◽  
pp. 1149-1152
Author(s):  
Qi Dong Yan ◽  
Jun Xu ◽  
Feng Xu
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Catalytic Oxidation ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Influence Factors ◽  
Synthesis Process ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Tertiary Butanol ◽  
Catalyst Dosage ◽  
Main Influence ◽  
Oxidation Synthesis

The paper has studied the process of using H2O2 as oxidant and tungsten acid as catalyst, catalytic oxidation synthesis process of cyclopentene to glutaraldehyde and explored the main influence factors of the reaction, including the reaction time, reaction temperature, catalyst dosage and solvent. Furthermore, the quantitative analysis and qualitative analysis of the product was characterized by gas chromatography. The optimum synthetic condition was as follows: tertiary butanol as solvent, tungsten acid: boron anhydride(mass ratio)=1:1, 30%H2O2 as oxidant, the reaction temperature 35°C, the reaction time 4h, the yield of glutaraldehyde yield was 46%.

Research on Synthesis Regularity of Epoxysuccinic Acid

2013 ◽  
Vol 316-317 ◽  
pp. 942-945
Author(s):  
Qing He Gao ◽  
Yi Can Wang ◽  
Zhi Feng Hou ◽  
Hui Juan Qian ◽  
Yuan Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydrogen Peroxide ◽  
Reaction Time ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Synthesis System ◽  
Reaction Conditions ◽  
Sodium Hydrate

The yield of epoxysuccinic acid was obtained by determining the content of unreacted maleic anhydride and tartaric acid as a by-product in synthesis system. This method could calculate the yield of epoxysuccinic acid precisely and overcome the disadvantage of obtaining inpure product by recrystallization method. Epoxysuccinic Acid was synthesized using maleic anhydride as raw material, hydrogen peroxide as oxidizer and tungstate as catalyst. The effects of reaction temperature, reaction time, ratio of materials, dosage of oxidizer and catalyst on epoxidation and hydrolysis reaction was investigated. The results showed that the yield of epoxysuccinic acid was 88% when the reaction conditions were as follows: reaction temperature 65°C, reaction time 1.5h, catalyst dosage 3%(based on mass of maleic anhydride), molar ratio of sodium hydrate to maleic anhydride 2:1, mass ratio of hydrogen peroxide to maleic anhydride 1:1.

scholarly journals Optimized preparation of quassinoids rich Eurycoma longifolia Jack, TAF2-phospholipid complex and its effects on oral bioavailability

2021 ◽  
Vol 15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wu-Yan Guo ◽  
Shu-Yan Wang ◽  
Jian Ren ◽  
Bo Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Oral Bioavailability ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Relative Bioavailability ◽  
Preparation Condition ◽  
Phospholipid Complex ◽  
Preparation Technology ◽  
Eurycoma Longifolia ◽  
Eurycoma Longifolia Jack

Eurycoma longifolia Jack is a plant of the genus Eurycoma in Simaroubaceae. Eurycomanone is one of the main quassinoids of E. longifolia. Unfortunately, these quassinoids exhibit low bioavailability . In the present study, a phospholipid complex (TAF2-PC) was prepared to improve the oral bioavailability of TAF2 (Tongkat Ali Fraction 2). The complexation rate of eurycomanone and phospholipid was used as the index of success in the phospholipid complexes. The effects of reaction solvent, reaction temperature, drug concentration, drug-lipid ratio and reaction time on thecomplexation rate were investigated. Response Surface-Box-Behnken Design Method was performed to optimize the preparation technology and the pharmacokinetics of phospholipid complex of TAF2 were studied in rats. Our results showed that the optimum preparation condition of TAF2-phospholipid complex were as follows: reaction solvent, anhydrous ethanol; reaction time, 1 h; the ratio of TAF2 to phospholipid, 2.28; reaction temperature, 40.85 ℃; TAF2 concentration, 32.66 mg/ml; and complexation rate, 95.04 ± 0.4% (n=3).The results of pharmacokinetic study showed that the relative bioavailability was increased to 209.20% in the TAF2-phospholipid complex-treated rats.Thus,this phospholipid-complex-technique shows potential for enhancing oral bioavailability of poorly absorbed quassinoid-rich E. longifolia extract, TAF2.

Preparation of High Oil-Absorbing Materials by Using Modified Microcrystalline Cellulose

2011 ◽  
Vol 308-310 ◽  
pp. 780-784
Author(s):  
Feng Zhi Tan ◽  
Ya Feng Cao ◽  
Da Zhi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Microcrystalline Cellulose ◽  
Base Material ◽  
Cross Linking ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Absorbing Materials ◽  
Optimized Conditions

Abstract. In this paper, high oil-absorbing resin is prepared, using microcrystalline cellulose as base material, and acrylate as grafting monomer. Effect of mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose/monomer, the amount of cross-linking agent, initiator dosage, reaction temperature, and reaction time on oil-absorbing properties of the products is investigated. The optimized conditions are as followed: reaction time 6 hours, reaction temperature 70 °C, mass ratio of microcrystalline cellulose to monomer 1:1.5. The oil absorbing ratio of the product prepared under these conditions is up to 12.9 g/g for toluene, and 14.6 g/g for kerosene oil.

scholarly journals Preparation of Biodiesel through Transesterification of Animal Oil and AlcoholUnder the Catalysis of SO42-/ TiO2

2009 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-195 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiu-Yan Pang ◽  
Ting-Ting You
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Optimum Condition ◽  
Reaction Temperature ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Orthogonal Experiment ◽  
Hydrolysis Product ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Activation Temperature ◽  
Effective Catalyst

Biodiesel was obtained through transesterification of animal oil and ethanol under the catalysis of SO42-/ TiO2We have inspected the activation of SO42-/ TiO2prepared under different dipping vitriol concentration，baking activation temperature. The optimum conditions to prepare SO42-/ TiO2are; dipping vitriol concentration of TiCl4 hydrolysis product is 1.5 mol / L, baking activation temperature for this catalyst takes 500°C. It can guarantee the catalyst has a smaller size and a higher load of vitriol. With animal oil as raw materials, ethanol as transesterifying agent and SO42-/ TiO2as catalyst, the influence of reaction time, mass ratio of ethanol to oil and the dosage of catalyst were investigated. Optimum condition to obtain biodiesel was studied through orthogonal experiment, and it is listed as follow: mass ratio of ethanol to oil is 1.5:1.0, dosage of catalyst is 30 g SO42-/ TiO2versusper 100 g animal oil, and reaction time is 8.0 h when reaction temperature is controlled as 80°C. The yield of biodiesel is 0.796 g/g under the above condition. SO42-/ TiO2can be used as an effective catalyst during transesterification of animal oil and ethanol, and it can be reused

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