Synthesis of ZnO Complex Structures at Different Molar Ratio of Zn (NO3)2 and KOH by Precipitation Method

2012 ◽  
Vol 576 ◽  
pp. 330-333
Author(s):  
N.Y. Zayana ◽  
M. Rusop
Keyword(s):  
Field Emission ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Complex Structures ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Good Crystallinity ◽  
Direct Band ◽  
Xrd Patterns

ZnO as a semiconductor with wide direct band gap (3.37 eV) and high exciton binding energy of 60 meV. It has attracted in several applications such as solar cells, field emission, sensor, etc. In this study, different ZnO complex structures were prepared by precipitation method at different molar ratio. Zinc nitrate as zinc source, potassium hydroxide as precipitating agent and sodium dodecly sulphate as surfactant were used to synthesis the ZnO. The effect of different molar ratio on the morphology and size of final product have been investigated. The final products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) with Cu Kα radiation, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) with an attached energy dispersive x-ray spectroscopy (EDS) and photoluminescence spectrofluorophotometer (PL). From XRD patterns, all synthesized ZnO shows good crystallinity. Different morphologies of synthesized ZnO were obtained from FESEM including flower composed flakes, flower composed radial rods and single straight rods while the EDS result demonstrates elements Zn and O obtained in the product. A very strong UV emission at ~390 nm observed in PL spectra indicated that the ZnO are of high crystal quality.

Simplistic Synthesis and Enhanced Photocatalytic Performance of Spherical ZnO Nanoparticles Prepared from Arabinose Solution

2019 ◽  
Vol 74 (10) ◽  
pp. 937-944 ◽  
Author(s):  
Babiker Y. Abdulkhair ◽  
Mutaz E. Salih ◽  
Nuha Y. Elamin ◽  
A. MA. Fatima ◽  
A. Modwi
Keyword(s):  
Zno Nanoparticles ◽  
Photocatalytic Performance ◽  
Hexagonal Wurtzite Structure ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
Wurtzite Structure ◽  
Sugar Solution ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Pollutant Degradation ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Good Crystallinity

AbstractStrenuous efforts have been employed to prepare zinc oxide (ZnO) with eco-friendly methods; however, few studies have reported the fabrication of ZnO using a sustainable procedure. In this study, spherical ZnO nanoparticles were successfully fabricated for photocatalysis applications using a simple and eco-friendly method using an arabinose sugar solution. The ZnO nanoparticles with a wurtzite structure were obtained by combining zinc nitrate and arabinose in water, followed by heating, evaporation, and calcinations at different annealing temperatures. The annealed ZnO photocatalysts were characterised via X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray (EDX), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), and thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). The findings revealed a hexagonal wurtzite structure and good crystallinity with crystallite size increasing from 18 to 31 nm by means of an increase in the annealing temperature. The photocatalytic performance was examined to determine the degradation of mix dye waste. The spherical ZnO nanoparticles showed mix pollutant degradation of 84 % in 25 min at 400 °C.

Controlled Synthesis of Different Morphologies of SrWO4 Crystals via a Surfactant-Assisted Hydrothermal Precipitation Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 785-786 ◽  
pp. 449-454
Author(s):  
Yan Zhao ◽  
Chun Yan Wu ◽  
Dan Qin ◽  
Xin Lai ◽  
Si Wu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ph Value ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Infrared Spectrometer ◽  
Luminescent Spectra ◽  
Hydrothermal Precipitation ◽  
Surfactant Assisted

SrWO4 octahedrons, flowers, bundles, ellipsoids and dendrites had been successfully synthesized via surfactant-assisted method. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), photo-luminescent spectra techniques (PL) and fourier transrform infrared spectrometer (FTIR). By through various comparison experiments, it can be found that some related experimental parameters including the reagent concentration, [Sr2+]/[WO42-] molar ratio (R), aging temperature and the pH value had great influences on morphology of the products.

The Effect of Stabiliser’s Molarity to the Growth of ZnO Nanorods

2011 ◽  
Vol 312-315 ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zuraida Khusaimi ◽  
Mohamad Hafiz Mamat ◽  
Mohd Zainizan Sahdan ◽  
Norbani Abdullah ◽  
Mohamad Rusop
Keyword(s):  
Sol Gel ◽  
Zno Nanorods ◽  
Structural Features ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Nitrate Hexahydrate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Wet Chemical ◽  
Gel Preparation

A wet chemical approach, originating from sol-gel preparation, was adopted with the intention to develop a low-temperature benign method of preparation. ZnO nanorods are successfully grown in an aqueous medium. The precursor, zinc nitrate hexahydrate (Zn(NO3)2.6H2O), is stabilized by hexamethylene tetraamine (HMTA). The effect of changing the molarity of HMTA to the structural orientation of ZnO nanorods is investigated. X-ray diffraction of the synthesized ZnO shows hexagonal zincite structure. The structural features of the nanocrystalline ZnO were studied by SEM. Structural features, surface morphology and differences in lattice orientation are seemingly influenced by varying the Zn2+: HMTA molar ratio. The formation of ZnO nanorods with blunt and sharp tips is found to be significantly affected by this ratio.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterization of Hydroxyapatite from Duck Eggshell by Wet Precipitation Process

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 8-11
Author(s):  
Yelmida Azis ◽  
Cory Dian Alfarisi ◽  
Komalasari Komalasari ◽  
Khairat Khairat ◽  
Yusnimar Sahan
Keyword(s):  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Stable Form ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Precipitated Calcium Carbonate ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Inorganic Mineral

Hydroxyapatite (HAp, Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) is the most stable form of calcium phosphate and widely used in various medical applications, mainly in orthopedics and dentistry due to its close similarities with the inorganic mineral component of bone and teeth. This study aims to synthesize hydroxyapatite from duck eggshell using the precipitation method. The duck eggshell was calcined, hydrated (slaking) and underwent carbonation to form Precipitated Calcium Carbonate (PCC).  Afterwards, (NH4)2HPO4 was added to produce HAp by varying the molar ratio of Ca/P by 1.67, 1.77 and 1.87 and stirring speed by 200, 250, 300rpm under basic condition (pH 10 – 11). The best results were obtained at a molar ratio of 1.77 with 200rpm stirring speed. Furthermore, the X-ray Diffraction (XRD) analysis showed that its crystals were hexagonal with sizes of 23.062nm, in the absence of other crystalline phases. Therefore, the hydroxyapatite was obtained in the agglomerates form with a specific surface area of ??55.929m2/g.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Flower-Like Cu2ZnSnS4Nanoflakes via a Microwave-Assisted Solvothermal Route

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fei Long ◽  
Shuyi Mo ◽  
Yan Zeng ◽  
Shangsen Chi ◽  
Zhengguang Zou
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Raman Scattering ◽  
Zinc Acetate Dihydrate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
One Pot ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Direct Band ◽  
Xrd Patterns ◽  
Average Size

Flower-like Cu2ZnSnS4(CZTS) nanoflakes were synthesized by a facile and fast one-pot solution reaction using copper(II) acetate monohydrate, zinc acetate dihydrate, tin(IV) chloride pentahydrate, and thiourea as starting materials. The as-synthesized samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), Raman scattering analysis, field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM) equipped with an energy dispersion X-ray spectrometer (EDS), transmission electron microscopy (TEM), and UV-Vis absorption spectra. The XRD patterns shown that the as-synthesized particles were kesterite CZTS and Raman scattering analysis and EDS confirmed that kesterite CZTS was the only phase of product. The results of FESEM and TEM show that the as-synthesized particles were flower-like morphology with the average size of 1~2 μm which are composed of 50 nm thick nanoflakes. UV-Vis absorption spectrum revealed CZTS nanoflakes with a direct band gap of 1.52 eV.

Optical Properties of Zn-Doped CeO2 Nanoparticles as a Function of Zn Content

2014 ◽  
Vol 896 ◽  
pp. 108-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Iis Nurhasanah ◽  
Heri Sutanto ◽  
Ririn Futikhaningtyas
Keyword(s):  
Visible Region ◽  
Ultra Violet ◽  
Fluorite Structure ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Vis Spectroscopy ◽  
Zn Content ◽  
Uv Absorbers

CeO2 and Zn-doped CeO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by simple precipitation method in water/isopropanol mixed solvent from cerium nitrate and zinc nitrate with various mole ratios. The precipitates were then calcined at 300°C for 4 hours and characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD) and uv-vis spectroscopy. Characterization by x-ray diffraction shows that high crystallinity of cubic fluorite structure of CeO2 with crystallite size in the range 6 12 nm depending on Zn content. CeO2 nanoparticles exhibits tranparent in the visible region and strong absorbance in the ultra-violet region. It was also found that significant effect of Zn content on transmittance and optical band gap. In addition, Zn substitution into Ce suppressing photocatalytic activity of pure CeO2 nanoparticle under sunlight irradiation. These results suggest that Zn-doped CeO2 nanoparticle is more prommising for safer optical UV-absorbers.

A study of the electrochemical synthesis of ZnO thin films

1997 ◽  
Vol 75 (11) ◽  
pp. 1439-1444 ◽  
Author(s):  
Z.H. Gu ◽  
T.Z. Fahidy ◽  
R. Hornsey ◽  
A. Nathan
Keyword(s):  
Zinc Oxide ◽  
Nitrate Solution ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Zinc Nitrate Solution ◽  
Principal Characteristics ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Oxide Cathode ◽  
Diffraction Patterns ◽  
Xrd Patterns

The principal characteristics of the cathode deposition of zinc oxide from slightly acidified aqueous zinc nitrate solution at 65 °C were studied via potentiodynamic electrolysis, potentiostatic electrolysis, and X-ray diffraction patterns. The results indicate the reliability of a low-temperature electrolytic path of synthesis, and avenues of further exploration. Keywords: zinc oxide, cathode deposition, XRD patterns, FBM theory.

Enhancing the photocatalytic degradation of selected chlorophenols using Ag/zno nanocomposites

MRS Advances ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (36) ◽  
pp. 2129-2136
Author(s):  
Kate Kotlhao ◽  
Fanyana M. Mtunzi ◽  
Vusumzi Pakade ◽  
Neelan Laloo ◽  
Ikechukwu P. Ejidike ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Scanning Transmission Electron Microscopy ◽  
Silver Content ◽  
Zinc Nitrate ◽  
Nitrate Hexahydrate ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Water Contaminants ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Scanning Transmission ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Chlorophenols are among the priority listed water contaminants due to their estrogenic, mutagenic or carcinogenic health effects. The Ag/ZnO nanocomposites (NCs) were synthesized, characterized and tested for photacatalytic degradation of chlorophenols in water. The synthesis was done using zinc nitrate hexahydrate (ZnNO3. 6H2O) precursor and sodium hydroxide (NaOH). Silver nitrate (AgNO3) was added to ZnO and reduced with sodium brohydride to produce the silver nanoparticles (NPs) within the ZnO structure. The silver content was varied from 1, 3 and 5wt% for optimisation. The nanocomposites were characterised using ultraviolet - visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), photolumniscence (PL), x-ray diffraction (XRD), and scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM). The nanocomposites were tested for their photocatalytic properties on 2- chlorophenol (CP), 2- chlorophenol (CP) and 2,4- dichlorophenol (DCP) in water. The UV-Vis results showed that, as the amount of silver was increased a gradual slight red shift was observed. The XRD patterns for Ag/ZnO exhibited peaks that were characteristic of the hexagonal wurzite structure and peaks characteristic for Ag appeared at 38.24o, 44.37o, 64.67oand 77.58ocorresponding to (111), (200), (220) and (311) reflection planes. STEM results showed the presence of Ag in ZnO with ZnO appearing as rods shapes. The EDX elemental analysis confirmed the presence of Ag in the Ag/ZnO nanocomposites with no contaminants peaks. On testing the nanocomposites for phohotocatalytic degradation of chlorophenols, addition of Ag to ZnO improved degradation of the chlorophenols compared to the pristine ZnO.

Evolution of Microstructures and Properties of the AlxCrCuFeNi2 High-Entropy Alloys

2013 ◽  
Vol 745-746 ◽  
pp. 706-714 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Guo Ma ◽  
Zhao Di Chen ◽  
Yong Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Phase Transformation ◽  
Cast Alloy ◽  
Alloy System ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
High Entropy Alloys ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Entropy ◽  
Heat Treated ◽  
Xrd Patterns

The microstructure and Vickers hardness of the AlxCrCuFeNi2(x=0.5, 1.0, and 2.0 in molar ratio) high-entropy alloys with as-cast and heat-treated states were investigated. X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns suggested that for the Al0.5 alloy annealed at 900,an incomplete phase transformation from FCC to BCC occurred, while for the Al2.0 alloy as heated at 500 and 700, a converse phase transformation from BCC to FCC was obtained. Compared with the as-cast dendrites, after heat treatment, the microstructure of the alloys was obviously coarsened or spheroidized or homogenized, whereas the resultant hardness has almost not decreased even at high heating temperatures, which indicated the probability of ordering for this alloy system and thus effectively compensating the stress and structural relaxations. The Al2.0 alloy reached the maximum hardness value of 610 HV by annealing at 1100, which might be ascribed to the worm-like nanoprecipitations and the enhanced fraction of B2-ordered precipitations. By cold rolling, the Al0.5 alloy is able to reach the yield strength of 1055 MPa and the fracture strength of 1179 MPa, which was a significant improvement in comparison with the as-cast alloy.

Near-Infrared Downconversion in LuPO4: Tm3+, Yb3+ Phosphors

2016 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 3511-3516 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Li ◽  
Yongjie Wang ◽  
Jun Shen ◽  
Wenxuan Chang ◽  
Tianting Jin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tetragonal Phase ◽  
Diffuse Reflectance ◽  
Near Infrared ◽  
Luminescent Properties ◽  
Precipitation Method ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Good Crystallinity ◽  
Nir Emission ◽  
Co Precipitation

Tm3+ and Yb3+ codoped LuPO4 phosphors were synthesized by the reverse-strike co-precipitation method. The obtained LuPO4:Tm3+, Yb3+ phosphors were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), diffuse reflectance spectra, photoluminescence (PL) spectra, and decay lifetime to understand the observed near-infrared downconversion (DC) phenomena. The XRD results show that all the prepared phosphors can be readily indexed to the pure tetragonal phase of LuPO4 and exhibit good crystallinity. The experimental results showed that the strong visible emission around 649 nm from Tm3+(1G4 → 3F4) and near-infrared (NIR) emission around 1003 nm from Yb3+(2F5/2 → 2F7/2) of LuPO4:Tm3+, Yb3+ phosphors were observed under 468 nm excitation, respectively. The Yb3+ concentration dependence of luminescent properties and lifetimes of both the visible and NIR emissions have also been investigated. The quenching concentration of Yb3+ ions approaches 30 mol%. The DC mechanism is also discussed in detail.

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