Research of Lime-Mediated Sewage Sludge Use as Metallurgy Sintering Ingredients in the Sinter Industry

2012 ◽  
Vol 581-582 ◽  
pp. 888-894
Author(s):  
Yi Xing ◽  
Fan Zhao ◽  
Chen Hong ◽  
Guang Wei Yu ◽  
Cheng Sheng Yue ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Burning Rate ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Utilization Coefficient ◽  
Existing Form ◽  
Quality Indexes

This paper discusses the feasibility of the lime-mediated sewage sludge replace the fuels and flux as metallurgy ingredients, the influence of lime-mediated sewage sludge used in metallurgy sintering process to the sinter performance. The calorific value of the sludge was 4.67MJ/kg. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) showed that the main existing form of Calcium in the lime-mediated sewage sludge is CaCO3 at 550°C, and almost is CaO at 1100°C. This provided the basis to the sludge used as sintering ingredients. Sintering cup experiment results showed that Lime dry sludge have a positive impact on sintering, the sinter quality indexes are improved. When sludge ratio is 3.00%, the vertical sintering burning rate is 21.28mm/min, the yield is 72.62%, the utilization coefficient is 1.455T/m2•h, fuel consumption from 65.65kg/T fall to 59.16kg/T, then concluded that the flux and fuel ratio replaced by lime-mediated sewage sludge were 43.3%, 13.3% respectively.

Development of WC-Fe3Al Composites by Spark Plasma Sintering Process

2016 ◽  
Vol 881 ◽  
pp. 307-312
Author(s):  
Luis Antonio C. Ybarra ◽  
Afonso Chimanski ◽  
Sergio Gama ◽  
Ricardo A.G. da Silva ◽  
Izabel Fernanda Machado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Zinc Stearate ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Al Composite ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Vibration Mill

Tungsten carbide (WC) based composites are usually produced with cobalt, but this binder has the inconvenience of shortage, unstable price and potential carcinogenicity. The objective of this study was to develop WC composite with intermetallic Fe3Al matrix. Powders of WC, iron and aluminum, with composition WC-10 wt% Fe3Al, and 0.5 wt% zinc stearate were milled in a vibration mill for 6 h and sintered in a SPS (spark plasma sintering) furnace at 1150 °C for 8 min under pressure of 30 MPa. Measured density and microstructure analysis showed that the composite had significant densification during the (low-temperature, short time) sintering, and X-ray diffraction analysis showed the formation of intermetallic Fe3Al. Analysis by Vickers indentation resulted in hardness of 11.2 GPa and fracture toughness of 24.6 MPa.m1/2, showing the feasibility of producing dense WC-Fe3Al composite with high mechanical properties using the SPS technique.

scholarly journals Enhanced apatite precipitation on a biopolymer-coated bioactive glass

2015 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Araújo ◽  
M. Miola ◽  
A. Venturello ◽  
G. Baldi ◽  
J. Perez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bioactive Glass ◽  
Body Fluid ◽  
Organic Coating ◽  
Medical Applications ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Ph Measurements ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Scanning Electron

AbstractIn this work, sintered pellets of a silica-based bioactive glass were dip-coated with a biocompatible natural-derived polymer in order to investigate the influence of the organic coating on the glass bioactivity. After the sintering process optimization, uncoated and coated pellets have been characterized by means of scanning electron microscopy with energy dispersive spectroscopy (SEM, EDS), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR) and pH measurements, after the immersion in a simulated body fluid (SBF). An increased apatite forming ability and a better control of the pH during soaking of the samples in SBF were observed in the presence of the biopolymer. This result opens a new insight on the simple fabrication of highly bioactive hybrid inorganic-organic materials for medical applications.

scholarly journals Evaluation of ash related problems during sewage sludge combustion

2019 ◽  
pp. 184-191
Author(s):  
Agnes Serbanescu ◽  
Mona Barbu ◽  
Ionut Cristea ◽  
Gina Catrina ◽  
Georgiana Cernica ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sewage Sludge ◽  
Combustion Process ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Calorific Value ◽  
Waste To Energy ◽  
Mineral Matter ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Analytical Technique ◽  
Acid Ratio ◽  
Sludge Ash

A good function of waste-to-energy installation requires knowledge of the combustion characteristics of the fuel and fusion characteristics of the ash produced in the combustion process. Sewage sludge could be considered as renewable fuel due the high quantity of organics of sufficiently high calorific value. The combustion of sewage sludge can cause operating problems due to high ash content containing mineral compounds. This paper presents the oxide composition of three kinds of sewage sludge ashes and the influence on the slagging and fouling process in combustion. For comparation, two coal samples were selected, a low and a high rank coal. The mineral matter were investigated by the X-ray fluorescence analytical technique using the Rigaku CG X-ray Spectrofluorimeter. The evaluation of slagging and fouling process was performed on the basis of some indices: the basic oxides, the base-to-acid ratio, the slagging index and the fouling index. The conclusion based on experimental studies is that depending on mineral content the sewage sludge ash can cause high to moderate slagging and fouling hazard.

Laser Sintering of Greens Compacts of MoSi2

2006 ◽  
Vol 530-531 ◽  
pp. 364-368
Author(s):  
G. de Vasconcelos ◽  
R. Cesar Maia ◽  
Carlos Alberto Alves Cairo ◽  
R. Riva ◽  
N.A.S. Rodrigues ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Cross Section ◽  
Laser Processing ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Heating Source ◽  
Scanning Electron Microcopy ◽  
Conventional Sintering ◽  
Reduced Time

In this study, the results of the feasibility of sintering green compacts of metallic powder of MoSi2 by a CO2 laser beam as the heating source has been investigated. The main advantage of this technique is to promote a dense material in a reduced time when compared to the conventional sintering process. In order to sintering the MoSi2 powder, green compacts of 6mm of diameter and 1.6mm thickness were produced in a steel die in a uniaxial press at 100MPa and after, isostatic pressed at 350MPa. The micrograph of the samples exposed to the laser radiation performed by scanning electron microcopy (SEM) reveal the efficiency of the sintering process and the X-ray diffraction of the powders confirmed the presence of single phase after and before laser processing. The average microhardness of these compacts reached near to 700 Hv0.2 in the cross section to the laser irradiation, indicating the all sintering of the green compact.

Effect of WC Addition on Phase Formation and Microstructure of TiC-Ni Composites

2008 ◽  
Vol 55-57 ◽  
pp. 353-356
Author(s):  
Nawarat Wora-uaychai ◽  
Nuchthana Poolthong ◽  
Ruangdaj Tongsri
Keyword(s):  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Tungsten Carbide ◽  
Phase Formation ◽  
Liquid Phase Sintering ◽  
Precipitation Process ◽  
Solid Solution Phase ◽  
Binder Phase ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

In this research, titanium carbide-nickel (TiC-Ni) composites, with tungsten carbide addition, were fabricated by using a powder metallurgy technique. The TiC-Ni mixtures containing between 0-15 wt. % tungsten carbide (WC), were compacted and then sintered at 1300°C and 1400°C, respectively. The phase formation and microstructure of the WC-added TiC-Ni composites have been investigated by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy techniques. Mechanical properties of these composites were assessed by an indentation technique. The X-ray diffraction patterns showed no evidence of tungsten rich phases in the sintered WC-added cermets. This indicates that during the sintering process, tungsten carbide particles were dissolved in metallic binder phase (Ni phase) via dissolution/re-precipitation process during liquid phase sintering. The liquid phase formed during sintering process could improve sinterability of TiC-based cermets i.e., it could lower sintering temperatures. The TiC-Ni composites typically exhibited a core-rim structure. The cores consisted of undissolved TiC particles enveloped by rims of (Ti, W)C solid solution phase. Hardness of TiC-Ni composites increased with WC content. Sintering temperature also had a slight effect on hardness values.

Light Burning Condition of Preparing Dolomite Clinker Using Natural Dolomite

2018 ◽  
Vol 281 ◽  
pp. 156-162
Author(s):  
Wang Nian Zhang ◽  
Xi Tang Wang ◽  
Zhou Fu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Burning Temperature ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Temperature Range ◽  
Scanning Electron

The influence of the light burning temperature on the sintering property of nature dolomite has been investigated by two-step sintering process in the temperature range 1500 °C to 1600 °C. The resulting bulk densities and apparent porosities of the sintered dolomite samples were examined, and analyzing the sintered dolomite by scanning electron microscopy and X-ray diffraction were performed. The results showed light burned at 850 °C for 3 h, the main phases of the dolomite with 3-5 grain size were MgO, CaO and little CaCO3, and then fired at 1600 °C,the density of sintering dolomite reached to 3.38 g/cm3, the apparent property was 1.2 %, the size of MgO grain up to 3.75 μm . However when dolomite light burned at 1050 °C for 3 h, the main phases were MgO and CaO, and then fired at 1600 °C,the density of sintering dolomite only was 3.30 g/cm3, the apparent property was 2.3 %, the size of MgO only was 3.05 μm .

Performance of B-Doped SrTiO3/ Ni Sheet for Supercapacitor Material Application

2020 ◽  
Vol 851 ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
Markus Diantoro ◽  
Ahmad Al Ittikhad ◽  
Thathit Suprayogi ◽  
Nasikhudin ◽  
Joko Utomo
Keyword(s):  
Electrode Materials ◽  
Solid State Reaction Method ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Energy Storage Devices ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Storage Devices

The development of energy storage devices encourages the sustainability of research on basic materials of supercapacitor technology. SrTiO3 is one of metal oxide called as titanate alkali metal ATiO3 (A = Ba, Sr, Ca). This material shows an excellent dielectric constant, thus expected to be potential as raw material of supercapacitor. In this work, boron was used as a dopant on the SrTiO3 system to modify its local structure and enhance the electrical properties. Synthesis SrTi1-xBxO3 was carried out using a solid-state reaction method followed by the sintering process in various molar ratio. The microstructure of SrTi1-xBxO3 compound was identified by X-ray Diffraction with Cu-Kα. XRD pattern identified the presence of SrTi1-xBxO3 phase with a slight change in the lattice parameters. I-V measurement confirmed that the electrical conductivity increased gradually up to 16.04 Ω-1cm-1. For investigating their application for electrode materials, CV was employed and it presents that the specific capacitance and energy density of x = 0.08 were 5.488 Fg-1 and 0.110 Jg-1.

Effect of Process on the Dielectric Properties of BaTiO3-Based X9R Ceramics

2014 ◽  
Vol 906 ◽  
pp. 18-24 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bao Lin Zhang ◽  
Bin Bin Zhang ◽  
Ning Ning Wang ◽  
Jing Ming Fei
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Dielectric Properties ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sintered Ceramic ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer

The effect of milling time and sintering process on the dielectric properties of BaTiO3-based X9R ceramics was investigated. The characterization of the raw powders and the sintered ceramic was carried out by X-ray diffraction and scanning electron microscopy. The particle size distribution of the mixed powders was examined by Laser Particle Size Analyzer. The results shown that with the milling time extended, the Cruie Peak was depressed, or even disappeared. Moreover, with the rise of sintering temperature, the dielectric constant of the ceramics increased and the dielectric loss decreased gradually. Eventually, by milling for 11h and sintering at 1090°Cfor 2h, good dielectric properties were obtained, which were ε25°C≥ 2526, εr/εr25°C≤± 12% (–55~200°C), tanδ≤1.12% (25°C).

scholarly journals Influence of the Uniaxial Hot-Pressing Sintering Condition on Bi4Ge3O12 Ceramic Scintillators

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ivus L. O. Matos ◽  
Adriano B. Andrade ◽  
Zélia S. Macedo ◽  
Mário E. G. Valerio
Keyword(s):  
Hot Pressing ◽  
Applied Pressure ◽  
Emission Spectra ◽  
Secondary Phase ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Characteristic Emission ◽  
Hot Pressing Sintering ◽  
Sintering Condition

The production of high-density bismuth germanate (Bi3Ge4O12) ceramic scintillators by uniaxial hot pressing was investigated as a function of different applied pressure conditions. The X-ray diffraction showed that the sintering process was able to eliminate the undesirable secondary phase present in the nonsintered samples. The height changes from samples with higher applied pressure rate and applied pressure duration lead to a better relative density value, >95% for samples sintered under a pressure of 0.14 and 0.18 MPa. The radioluminescence results showed that all samples have the characteristic emission spectra of Bi3Ge4O12 and that the hot-pressed samples have higher radioluminescence emission efficiency.

MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 Glass-Ceramic Prepared by Sol-Gel Method

2010 ◽  
Vol 92 ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qiu Hua Yuan ◽  
Pei Xin Zhang ◽  
Li Gao ◽  
Hai Lin Peng ◽  
Xiang Zhong Ren ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Ceramic ◽  
Crystallization Behavior ◽  
Glass Powder ◽  
Sol Gel ◽  
Glass Ceramics ◽  
Green Body ◽  
Sintering Process ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Sio2 Glass ◽  
X Ray

The crystallization behavior of MgO-Al2O3-SiO2 glass-ceramics by sol-gel technology was investigated by using x-ray diffraction (XRD), differential thermal analysis (DTA), Scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that: (1)α-cordierite phase was precipitated when the green body was calcined at 1050°C, and α-cordierite of high purity and stability could be formed at 1100°C; (2) Adding an appropriate amount of low melting point glass powder into the green body may provide liquid-phase environment during the sintering process, which will help enhance the tightness density of glass-ceramic, and thus improve its flexural strength.

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