Spatial Distribution and Contribution Segregation of Hg and Cd in the Soils in the Chemical Industry Park and its Surrounding Areas

2012 ◽  
Vol 610-613 ◽  
pp. 3797-3802
Author(s):  
Chun Feng Lu ◽  
Sheng Lu Zhou ◽  
Shao Hua Wu
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Chemical Industry ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Contribution Rate ◽  
The North ◽  
Spatial Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
The Impact

This paper determined Hg and Cd contents through collecting the surface soil samples in Nanjing Liuhe Chemical Industry Park and its surrounding areas, analyzed the spatial distribution characteristics of Hg and Cd in the study area by means of ordinary Kriging, and carried out quantitative analysis for the impact of chemical industry park on the accumulation of soil heavy metals through introducing contribution rate. The results show that the chemical industry park is one of the important causes of the accumulation of Hg and Cd in the surrounding soils. In space, the closer the site is to the industrial park, the higher the accumulative content is. Wind direction has a significant effect on the diffusion of Hg, affected most greatly on the northwest, which is located downwind, with a contribution rate of 85.47%, while wind direction has no significant effect on the diffusion of Cd, affected most greatly on the north, with a contribution rate of 29.37%.

scholarly journals Spatial Distribution of DDT and Its Metabolites in Soils from Indoor Residual Spraying in Tshilamusi Village, Limpopo

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wilson Gitari ◽  
Tonderai Makoni ◽  
Vernon Somerset ◽  
Omotola Babajide
Keyword(s):  
South Africa ◽  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Strong Correlation ◽  
Surface Soil ◽  
Indoor Residual Spraying ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Environmental Matrices ◽  
Strict Adherence ◽  
Vhembe District ◽  
Concentration Levels

The continued application of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in indoor residual spraying has posed significant threat to human health in Northern part of South Africa, despite its ban. In this study, we investigated the occurrence and spatial distribution of DDTs and its metabolites in surface soil (30 samples) collected in and around the spray homesteads; demarcated into three concentric zones A, B, C in Tshilamusi Vhembe district, South Africa. DDTs were the most abundant of all the OCPs chemicals found in soil samples. The concentrations of DDT range from 12.19 to 65.69 µg/kg, with the highest occurring at zone A which is the zone of application. DDTs and all its metabolites considered in this study were found in appreciable concentrations in soil of Zones B and C, far from spray sites. The results showed a strong correlation between distance and concentration levels of DDTs and its metabolites. However, there is a need for proper monitoring of OCPs chemicals in other environmental matrices as well as relevant agencies enforcing strict adherence to regulations on consumption of OCPs.

scholarly journals Evaluating Performance of Utilizing Onshore Wind Turbines Specifically the Farm Turbines in Kuwait

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 31-48
Author(s):  
Mohammed Salem Alsubai'e ◽  
Saad Abdullah Alshatti
Keyword(s):  
Renewable Energy ◽  
Wind Speed ◽  
Wind Turbines ◽  
Wind Direction ◽  
Onshore Wind ◽  
North East ◽  
The North ◽  
Proportional Relation ◽  
Proper Design ◽  
The Impact

Renewable energy is considered one of the most important and clean sources; since it does not produce any type of emission or pollution. In Kuwait, the energy of wind is existing in three main locations, which are; Ras Jal Aliyah, Bubian in addition to Subiyah, where the characteristics of wind have been evaluated in this paper based on the data generated from the meteorological measurements at 10m height. Also, different studies have been performed in this paper in order to analyze the impact of height on the parameters of wind energy, wind density, in addition to wind speed. Jal Aliyah location has been studied in this paper and the results showed that there is a proportional relation between the wind speed and power, where the maximum power is potential if the speed is equal to 29.1 m/s, and the maximum averaged flux of wind power is equal to 725.54 W/m2. Where both Bubidan Island and Ras Subiyah showed the wind direction in the North-East quadrant with speed is greater than 10 m/s. But, the higher polarized distribution of Jal Aliyah was in the north direction. Based on the obtained results, it can be concluded that this paper provides and suggests a proper design of the wind turbines for designers.

scholarly journals Simulation of impact of organic and nutrient pollutants from Nghi Son economic zone on Thanh Hoa coastal waters, North Centre Vietnam

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-36
Author(s):  
Hai Nguyen Minh ◽  
Vinh Vu Duy
Keyword(s):  
Coastal Waters ◽  
Current Status ◽  
North Central ◽  
Waste Discharge ◽  
The North ◽  
Pollutant Concentrations ◽  
Numeric Modeling ◽  
Economic Zone ◽  
Surrounding Areas ◽  
The Impact

Nghi Son is an economic zone oriented to developing heavy industry and petrochemicals and has potential to become the most substantial economic zone in the North Central region. The zone is also one of the potential waste sources polluting Thanh Hoa coastal waters. Numeric modeling using Delft3D software package with different scenarios: Current status scenario, controlled discharge scenario, and incident scenario was developed to simulate states of some pollutants of organics and nutrients from the zone to Thanh Hoa coastal waters in different periods. The simulation results show that under controlled discharge (increasing pollutant concentration with the control of waste discharge), the concentration of pollutants was increasing and high around discharging points. In contrast, in incident case from the zone, pollutant concentrations increase markedly both in the magnitude and in the impact range to surrounding areas. When an accident happens, the influence scale will be expanded significantly, especially in the rainy season.

Air—sea C0 2 transfer and the carbon budget of the North Atlantic

1995 ◽  
Vol 348 (1324) ◽  
pp. 211-219 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Carbon Budget ◽  
Dissolved Inorganic Carbon ◽  
Model Simulation ◽  
Bering Strait ◽  
Carbon Export ◽  
The North ◽  
The Pacific ◽  
Ocean Carbon ◽  
The Impact

A model simulation of the global carbon cycle demonstrates that the biological and solubility pumps are of comparable importance in determining the spatial distribution of annual mean air-sea fluxes in the Atlantic. The model also confirms that the impact of the (steady state) biological pump on the magnitude and spatial distribution of anthropogenic CO 2 uptake is minimal. An Atlantic Ocean carbon budget developed from analysis of the model combined with observations suggests that the air-sea flux of carbon is inadequate to supply the postulated large dissolved inorganic carbon export from the Atlantic. Other sources of carbon are required, such as an input from the Pacific via the Bering Strait and Arctic, river inflow, or an import of dissolved organic carbon.

scholarly journals Spatial Analysis of Curb-Park Violations and Their Relationship with Points of Interest: A Case Study of Tehran, Iran

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Javad Koohpayma ◽  
Amir Tahooni ◽  
Mohammad reza Jelokhni ◽  
Jamal Jokar Arsanjani
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Spatial Analysis ◽  
Direct Relationship ◽  
Heavy Traffic ◽  
Traffic Load ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Urban Planner ◽  
The North ◽  
Car Park ◽  
The Impact

Car parking is a challenging part of urban transportation and the traffic violations around it cause many problems for citizens. In recent years, due to the fast growth and development of urbanization, temporary and unauthorized stopping of cars along the streets, especially in large cities, has led to an increased traffic, urban disorders, dangers for citizens, and violation of rules. Studies have shown that there is a direct relationship between vehicle parking violations and urban places. GIScience capabilities and tools play an important role in analysing the spatial distribution of these violations. In this study, we investigated the spatial distribution of vehicle violations in a region of Tehran, Iran that is suffering from a heavy traffic load and heavily polluted air. Although two dissimilar urban segregations exist in the north and south of the study area, our analysis indicates a similar pattern of car parking violations. In both of the areas, about 70% of all curb parks are legal, while the remaining are illegal. Also, spatial analysis reveals a direct relationship between some POIs and the occurrence of car park violations so that the density of legal curb parks is high near some POIs, and less near some others and vice versa. For example, the number of vehicle park violation around the hospitals is more than the average of the study area. However, the number of park violations around the universities is less than the average. Our findings reveal that co-location of certain POIs, for instance a hotel and a supermarket will lead to an increase in the number of park violations. In other words, there is a strong correlation between the type of POIs and curb-parks violations. Our results also show that POIs have an impact radius that leads to violations occurring in that area. For example, the area of the impact of a hospital on the creation of car park violations was estimated at 125 meters. Our presented approach along with the discussed findings along with conclusions can be useful to a large range of stakeholders including urban planner, traffic police departments, local municipalities, law enforcement agencies, and environmentalists to have a better perspective of infrastructure planning.

scholarly journals Weekend settlements: The case of Sicevacka gorge

2010 ◽  
Vol 90 (2) ◽  
pp. 209-223
Author(s):  
Marija Martinovic ◽  
Ivan Ratkaj ◽  
Mikica Sibinovic
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Statistical Data ◽  
Field Research ◽  
Population Development ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Rural Settlements ◽  
Spatial Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Continuous Population ◽  
The 1960S ◽  
The Impact

In this paper we present an analysis of the impact of an intensive process of building rest and recreation houses and the establishment of settlements in the Sicevacka gorge, Serbia, from the 1960s to the beginning of the 20th, century. The analysis is based on field research conducted in 2001/2002nd, as well as official statistical data. In this paper, settlements are defined by their spatial distribution, characteristics of the local position within the existing territory (Atari), and basic trends in development and advanced geospatial changes. Special attention is devoted to the consideration of how the density of temporary settlements (weekend) has impacted the permanent (continuous) population as well as the territorial and population development of existing rural settlements. .

scholarly journals The Impact of Typhoon Danas (2013) on the Torrential Rainfall Associated with Typhoon Fitow (2013) in East China

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongxiong Xu ◽  
Bo Du
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Wrf Model ◽  
Extreme Rainfall ◽  
Rainfall Event ◽  
Zhejiang Province ◽  
Sensitivity Experiment ◽  
The North ◽  
Torrential Rainfall ◽  
Unusual Amount ◽  
The Impact

When typhoon Danas (2013) was located at northeast of Taiwan during 6–8 October 2013, a torrential rainfall brought by typhoon Fitow (2013) occurred over the east of China. Observations show that the rainband of Fitow, which may be impacted by Danas, caused the rainfall over north of Zhejiang. The Advanced Research version of the Weather Research and Forecast (ARW-WRF) model was used to investigate the possible effects of typhoon Danas (2013) on this rainfall event. Results show that the model captured reasonably well the spatial distribution and evolution of the rainband of Fitow. The results of a sensitivity experiment removing Danas vortex, which is conducted to determine its impact on the extreme rainfall, show that extra moist associated with Danas plays an important role in the maintenance and enhancement of the north rainband of Fitow, which resulted in torrential rainfall over the north of Zhejiang. This study may explain the unusual amount of rainfall over the north of Zhejiang province caused by interaction between the rainband of typhoon Fitow and extra moisture brought by typhoon Danas.

scholarly journals The Influence of Tillage on Dispersal of Tilletia indica Teliospores from a Concentrated Point Source

Plant Disease ◽  
2008 ◽  
Vol 92 (3) ◽  
pp. 351-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
T. W. Allen ◽  
F. Workneh ◽  
K. C. Steddom ◽  
G. L. Peterson ◽  
C. M. Rush
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Point Source ◽  
Soil Sample ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Tilletia Indica ◽  
Total Distance ◽  
Parallel Lines ◽  
Centrifugation Technique ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Soil Area

A study was conducted to determine the impact of tillage on dispersal of Tilletia indica teliospores from a concentrated point source in Arizona. The infested source was created using a 300-ml teliospore suspension, containing approximately 9.0 × 104 teliospores/ml, sprayed onto a 1-by-3-m soil area. Approximately 400 g of soil was collected before tillage treatments, representing the teliospore baseline, and after each of five disk passes, to an approximate depth of 20 cm, through the infestation source (n = 597). Soil samples were collected along three parallel lines extending from the infested area at increments of 1, 3, or 10 m to a total distance of 10, 30, and 50 m, respectively. Teliospores were recovered from soil samples by a combined size-selective sieving sucrose-centrifugation technique. Immediately following teliospore infestation, an average of 3.6 × 103 teliospores per 25 g of soil sample were recovered from the infestation area. Two different trends in recoverable teliospores occurred at 0- to 10-m sampling distances following five plow passes: either a decrease in the number of teliospores recovered, represented at points 0, 1, and 2 m, or an increase in recoverable teliospores found at points 3 to 10 m. The study was repeated twice for a total of three experiments, and teliospores were recovered to a maximum distance of 24 m. However, the numbers recovered from distances beyond 10 m were sporadic. Based on data from this research, we conclude that teliospores are not distributed in large quantities to great distances by tillage and, therefore, tillage cannot account for the spatial distribution of teliospores in many infested wheat fields.

scholarly journals Coincidence Analysis of the Cropland Distribution of Multi-Sets of Global Land Cover Products

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 (3) ◽  
pp. 707
Author(s):  
Chengpeng Zhang ◽  
Yu Ye ◽  
Xiuqi Fang ◽  
Hansunbai Li ◽  
Xue Zheng
Keyword(s):  
Spatial Distribution ◽  
Land Cover ◽  
Terrestrial Ecosystems ◽  
Classification Systems ◽  
Global Land Cover ◽  
Spatial Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Global Land ◽  
Change Impact ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Land Use And Cover

Modern global cropland products have been widely used to assess the impact of land use and cover change (LUCC) on carbon budgets, climate change, terrestrial ecosystems, etc. However, each product has its own uncertainty, and inconsistencies exist among different products. Understanding the reliability of these datasets is essential for knowing the uncertainties that exist in the study of global change impact forced by cropland reclamation. In this paper, we propose a set of coincidence assessments to identify where reliable cropland distribution is by overlaying ten widely used global land cover/cropland datasets around 2000 AD. A quantitative assessment for different spatial units is also performed. We further discuss the spatial distribution characteristics of different coincidence degrees and explain the reasons. The results show that the high-coincidence proportion is only 40.5% around the world, and the moderate-coincidence and low-coincidence proportion is 18.4% and 41.1%, respectively. The coincidence degrees among different continents and countries have large discrepancies. The coincidence is relatively higher in Europe, South Asia and North America, while it is very poor in Latin America and Africa. The spatial distribution of high and moderate coincidence roughly corresponds to the regions with suitable agricultural conditions and intensive reclamation. In addition to the random factors such as the product’s quality and the year it represented, the low coincidence is mainly caused by the inconsistent land cover classification systems and the recognition capability of cropland pixels with low fractions in different products.

scholarly journals Developing a database for Cs-137 radioactivity concentration and assessing residual levels in surface soils of Quang Ninh, Hai Phong, and Lang Son provinces

2021 ◽  
Vol 63 (3) ◽  
pp. 92-96
Author(s):  
An Trung Nguyen ◽  
◽  
Thi Cam Ha Nguyen ◽  
Tien Thinh Lai ◽  
Hoang Giang Nguyen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Surface Soil ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Nuclear Accident ◽  
Fukushima Nuclear Accident ◽  
Radioactivity Concentration ◽  
Surface Soils ◽  
Residual Level ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Quang Ninh

The radioactivity concentration of Cs-137 was determined in 826 soil samples collected from Hai Phong, Quang Ninh, and Lang Son. The residual levels of Cs-137 have also been assessed and compared with previous publications to obtain a trend in Cs-137 in the surface soil. The actual measured average of the residual level of Cs-137 in the soil samples collected in this study was 236±146 Bq/m2, while the value calculated using the publishedexperimental formula was 407±77 Bq/m2. The impact of Cs-137 deposition from the Fukushima nuclear accident (2011) in this area is confirmed to be negligible.

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