Influence of Processing Oil and Plasticizer on Properties of ENR-25/TPU Simple Blends

2012 ◽  
Vol 626 ◽  
pp. 240-244
Author(s):  
Skulrat Pichaiyut ◽  
Charoen Nakason ◽  
Norbert Vennemann
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Tan Δ ◽  
Thermoplastic Natural Rubber ◽  
Paraffinic Oil

Thermoplastic natural rubber (TPNR) based on blending of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and epoxidized natural rubber with 25 mol % epoxide (ENR-25) was prepared by simple blend technique. Influence of different types of plasticizer and processing oil (i.e., DOP, TDAE oil and Paraffinic oil) with a fixed loading level of 20 phr was investigated. The main aim was to improve elasticity and lowering the hardness of the blends. It was found that an incorporation of processing oil and plasticizer caused decreasing of mixing torque, mixing temperature, and mechanical properties in terms of tensile strength, and hardness. This is attributed to diffusion of oil or plasticizer molecules into ENR and TPU phases. The oil and plasticizer typically acts as lubricant to promote the ease of flow and influence on various properties. It was also found that an incorporation of processing oil and plasticizer caused decreasing of glass transition temperature (Tg) of rubber and TPU phases, tension set value and Tan δ which refer to greater rubber elasticity and tendency to recover to original shape after prolonged extension. Additionally, the blend with DOP exhibited superior mechanical and other related properties than those of the blends with TDAE oil and paraffinic oil, respectively.

scholarly journals Composites from Thermoplastic Natural Rubber Reinforced Rubberwood Sawdust: Effects of Sawdust Size and Content on Thermal, Physical, and Mechanical Properties

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-11 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chatree Homkhiew ◽  
Surasit Rawangwong ◽  
Worapong Boonchouytan ◽  
Wiriya Thongruang ◽  
Thanate Ratanawilai
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
High Density Polyethylene ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Modulus Of Rupture ◽  
Shore Hardness ◽  
Thermoplastic Natural Rubber ◽  
Plastic Content

The aim of this work is to investigate the effects of rubberwood sawdust (RWS) size and content as well as the ratio of natural rubber (NR)/high-density polyethylene (HDPE) blend on properties of RWS reinforced thermoplastic natural rubber (TPNR) composites. The addition of RWS about 30–50 wt% improved the modulus of the rupture and tensile strength of TPNR composites blending with NR/HDPE ratios of 60/40 and 50/50. TPNR composites reinforced with RWS 80 mesh yielded better tensile strength and modulus of rupture than the composites with RWS 40 mesh. The TPNR/RWS composites with larger HDPE content gave higher tensile, flexural, and Shore hardness properties and thermal stability as well as lower water absorption. The TPNR/RWS composites with larger plastic content were therefore suggested for applications requiring high performance of thermal, physical, and mechanical properties.

Microstructures and Mechanical Properties of Melt Spinning Spandex

2014 ◽  
Vol 1048 ◽  
pp. 36-40
Author(s):  
Wei Lai Chen ◽  
Lin Yan Wan ◽  
Hong Qin
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Heat Treatment ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Melt Spinning ◽  
Scanning Electron

Microstructures and mechanical properties of melt spinning spandex were studied in this article.Cross section and longitudinal surface were observed and analyzed by JSM-5610LV scanning electron microscopy. Q2000 DSC differential scanning calorimeter was used to test the glass transition temperature and melting temperature which indicated glass transition temperature is about 44°C and melting temperature is about 200°C. We employed JSM-5610LV scanning electron microscopy to observe adhesion of melt spinning spandex with nylon filament after different time and temperature processing. It concluded that after 150°C90s、160°C60s、160°C90s、170°C30s heat treatment, the adhesive of melt spinning spandex with nylon is good. At the same time,tensile strength and elastic properties of melt spinning spandex which was processed under different time and temperature were tested, tensile strength and elastic recovery of melt spinning spandex after160°C 90s heat treatment is the best.

Effects of Mixing Parameters on Tensile Strength of TPU/NR Blends

2013 ◽  
Vol 291-294 ◽  
pp. 2654-2656
Author(s):  
Nor Azwin Ahad ◽  
Sahrim Hj Ahmad ◽  
Norazwani Muhammad Zain
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Polymer Blends ◽  
Mixing Time ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Mixing Times ◽  
Melt Mixing ◽  
Mixing Parameters ◽  
The Poor

The blends of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) with natural rubber (NR) were prepared via melt mixing technique, at four different blending temperature at range 180°C - 210°C and mixing times of 8, 10, 12, 14 min. The effects of both mixing parameters on tensile strength of the blends were investigated. The blend of 85TPU15NR shows the maximum tensile strength at 180°C and 10 min mixing. The viscosity of the polymer blends will decrease as the temperature increased. The movements of molecules are more worthy because of the poor molecules interaction. The increasing of mixing time will increase the compatibility of the blends and also increase in mechanical properties. Mixing time and mixing temperature are important parameters in acquiring blends having optimum mechanical properties.

The Research of Poly Propylene Carbonate /Nano-SiO2 Composites

2014 ◽  
Vol 904 ◽  
pp. 74-77 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qu Li ◽  
Heng Wu ◽  
Si Yuan Xie ◽  
Jiao Sun ◽  
Xing Hai Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Thermal Stability ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Propylene Carbonate ◽  
Tensile Tests ◽  
Slight Improvement ◽  
Biodegradable Poly ◽  
Poly Propylene

Biodegradable poly (propylene carbonate) (PPC) composite with a slight improvement in the thermal stability and tensile strength was successfully prepared by incorporating a low content of nano-SiO2. Tensile tests demonstrate the better mechanical properties of the composites prepared in this study. The obtained composites increases sharply from 1.57Mpa to 12.04Mpa by incorporating 5wt% nano-SiO2. Furthermore, the composites show approximately 8°C higher glass transition temperature (Tg) than that of neat PPC.The Tdmax of composite with 5wt% of nano-SiO2 was about 40°C higher than that of neat PPC.

Investigation of Thermoplastic Starch/Fiber Blend: Effect of Tapioca Residue on the Mechanical Properties and Surface Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 873 ◽  
pp. 123-127
Author(s):  
Yupawan Thongjun ◽  
Thiti Kaisone ◽  
Pran Hanthanon ◽  
Chanon Wiphanurat ◽  
Sumate Ouipanich ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Polymer Matrix ◽  
Corn Starch ◽  
Thermoplastic Starch ◽  
Compression Molding ◽  
Reinforcing Effect

The aim of this study was to characterize thermoplastic starch containing corn starch and tapioca residues, which were used as reinforcement in a blended matrix. In the process, the composites were prepared with different tapioca residue contents at 20, 30, 40, 50 and 60 % by weight using compression molding at 135 °C for 8 min. Subsequently, their mechanical, thermal and morphology properties were evaluated. The results showed that the reinforcing effect of tapioca residue lead an increase in the stiffness of the samples. Young’s modulus increased with higher tapioca residue content. When the loading of tapioca residue increased tensile strength for 80/20 and 70/30 mixtures from 7.46 to 8.58 MPa. In addition to the highest of tapioca residue could increase tensile strength dramatically. Further, the glass transition temperature tended to decrease with the increased loading of tapioca residue. Moreover, the morphology showed that the increment of tapioca residue content appeared embedded in the polymer matrix.

Physical and Mechanical Properties of Thermoplastic Natural Rubber (TPNR) Nanocomposites

2012 ◽  
Vol 576 ◽  
pp. 394-397 ◽  
Author(s):  
Noor Azlina Hassan ◽  
Hassan Norita ◽  
Sahrim Haji Ahmad ◽  
Rozaidi Rasid ◽  
Hazleen Anuar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Maleic Anhydride ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Physical And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Melt Blending ◽  
Mixing Parameters ◽  
Blending Method ◽  
Thermoplastic Natural Rubber ◽  
Internal Mixer

Thermoplastic natural rubber (TPNR) nanocomposites were prepared by melt blending method with the optimum mixing parameters (140oC, 100 rpm, 12 min) using internal mixer (Haake 600 P). The aim of this work is to study the effects of organo-montmorillonite (OMMT) on the physical and mechanical properties of TPNR with and without coupling agent (maleic anhydride grafted polyethylene, MA-PE). Significant improvement in tensile strength and modulus of TPNR nanocomposites were obtained with the presence of MA-PE.

Influence of Blend Proportions on Properties of ENR-25/TPU Simple Blends

2013 ◽  
Vol 844 ◽  
pp. 93-96
Author(s):  
Skulrat Pichaiyut ◽  
Charoen Nakason ◽  
Ekwipoo Kalkornsurapranee ◽  
Norbert Vennemann ◽  
Claudia Kummerlöwe
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Thermoplastic Polyurethane ◽  
Polymer Melt ◽  
Continuous Phase ◽  
Morphological Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Soft Segments ◽  
Lower Elongation ◽  
Thermoplastic Natural Rubber

Thermoplastic natural rubber (TPNR) based on blending of thermoplastic polyurethane (TPU) and epoxidized natural rubber with 25 mol % epoxide (ENR-25) was prepared by simple blend technique. Influence of various blend proportions was investigated. It was found that an incorporation of rubber caused decreasing of mechanical properties in terms of tensile strength, elongation at break and hardness. This is attributed to incorporation of rubber phase may cause chain restriction of the soft segments in TPU and hence lower elongation at break and tensile strength. It was also found that the tension set value decreased with increasing proportion of natural rubber which indicates greater elasticity or tendency to recover to the original shape after prolonged deformation. Additionally, shear stress and shear viscosity of the blends increased with increasing rubber proportions due to higher viscosity of the ENR-25 component which leads to higher force to compress the polymer melt flowing through a capillary channel. Morphological properties of the simple blend with various blend proportions exhibited formation of co-continuous phase structure was observed where larger rubber formation are observed in the blend with higher content of ENR-25 phase.

scholarly journals The Mechanical Properties of PVC Nanofiber Mats Obtained by Electrospinning

Fibers ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 2
Author(s):  
Quoc Pham Le ◽  
Mayya V. Uspenskaya ◽  
Roman O. Olekhnovich ◽  
Mikhail A. Baranov
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Thermogravimetric Analysis ◽  
Thermal Degradation ◽  
Young’S Modulus ◽  
Young's Modulus ◽  
Nanofiber Mats

This paper investigates the mechanical properties of oriented polyvinyl chloride (PVC) nanofiber mats, which, were obtained by electrospinning a PVC solution. PVC was dissolved in a solvent mixture of tetrahydrofuran/dimethylformamide. Electrospinning parameters used in our work were, voltage 20 kV; flow rate 0.5 mL/h; the distance between the syringe tip and collector was 15 cm. The rotating speed of the drum collector was varied from 500 to 2500 rpm with a range of 500 rpm. Nanofiber mats were characterized by scanning electron microscope, thermogravimetric analysis, differential scanning calorimetry methods. The mechanical properties of PVC nanofiber mats, such as tensile strength, Young’s modulus, thermal degradation, and glass transition temperature were also analyzed. It was shown that, by increasing the collector’s rotation speed from 0 (flat plate collector) to 2500 rpm (drum collector), the average diameter of PVC nanofibers decreased from 313 ± 52 to 229 ± 47 nm. At the same time, it was observed that the mechanical properties of the resulting nanofiber mats were improved: tensile strength increased from 2.2 ± 0.2 MPa to 9.1 ± 0.3 MPa, Young’s modulus from 53 ± 14 to 308 ± 19 MPa. Thermogravimetric analysis measurements showed that there was no difference in the process of thermal degradation of nanofiber mats and PVC powders. On the other hand, the glass transition temperature of nanofiber mats and powders did show different values, such values were 77.5 °C and 83.2 °C, respectively.

scholarly journals Determination of Thermo-Mechanical Properties of Recycled Polyurethane From Glycolysis Polyol

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 75-87
Author(s):  
James Njuguna ◽  
Peter Muchiri ◽  
Nancy Karuri ◽  
Fredrick Madaraka Mwema ◽  
Michael T. Herzog ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Glass Transition ◽  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Hardness Test ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Glass Transition Temperatures ◽  
D Values

This study aimed to determine the possible changes in thermo-mechanical properties between recycled polyurethane with benchmark polyurethane. The glycolysis polyol was used as a raw material for recycled polyurethane production. The glass transition temperature of the recycled polyurethane was determined using DSC. Tensile strength, elastic modulus, toughness, and hardness test of the recycled polyurethane were conducted at 24°C, 40°C, and 60°C. The glass transition temperatures for the recycled and the benchmark polyurethane occurred at 43°C and 50.4°C, respectively. Tensile strength for recycled polyurethane was lower than that of benchmark polyurethane by 29-43%. Recycled polyurethane recorded lower toughness than petroleum-based pure polyurethane by 13-16%. However, recycled polyurethane recorded high shored D values than the benchmark polyurethane by 9-29%. This study reveals that recycled polyol could be used as feedstock for polyurethane production with applications tailored to its mechanical properties.

Effect of N-Phenyl-p-Phenylenediamine Modified Vegetable Oils on Properties of ENR/PP Thermoplastic Vulcanizates: A Comparative Study

2013 ◽  
Vol 844 ◽  
pp. 162-165 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chesidi Hayichelaeh ◽  
Watcharawoot Wangwon ◽  
Charoen Nakason ◽  
Anoma Thitithammawong
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Natural Rubber ◽  
Vegetable Oils ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Complex Viscosity ◽  
Dynamic Mechanical Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Thermoplastic Vulcanizates ◽  
Tan Δ

This research focuses on feasibility study of using n-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine modified vegetable oils as processing oil in the blend formulation of epoxidized natural rubber (ENR) /polypropylene (PP) thermoplastic vulcanizates (TPVs). Effect of n-phenyl-p-phenylene-diamine modified vegetable oils on tensile and dynamic mechanical properties of the ENR/PP TPVs was investigated. For a comparison purpose, vegetable oils, epoxidized vegetable oils, and white oil were selected and also used in our experiment. Results show that all types of oils used in this study did not give the TPVs with significantly different values of tensile strength. The TPVs with petrochemical based white oil obviously provided the best elongation at break and tension set. However, by using n-phenyl-p-phenylenediamine modified palm oil (pA-m-EPO) the ENR/PP TPVs showed superior elastomeric properties (higher storage modulus together with lower tension set, tan δ and complex viscosity) than those of other TPVs. This means that the pA-m-EPO performed good compatibility with the TPV and had good distribution in the ENR molecules.

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