Improvement of Hydrophobicity of Urea Modified Tapioca Starch Film with Lignin for Slow Release Fertilizer

2012 ◽  
Vol 626 ◽  
pp. 350-354 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarwono Ariyanti ◽  
Zakaria Man ◽  
Mohammad Azmi Bustam
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
High Potential ◽  
Tapioca Starch ◽  
Chemically Modified ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Urea Release ◽  
Modified Tapioca Starch

Tapioca starch was chemically modified with urea in the presence of borate as crosslinker and catalyst. Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and viscosity were performed to measure qualitatively the reactivity of the mixture. To improve the hydrophobicity, 10% of lignin (10%L) was then added into the starch-urea-borate (SUB) system. The incorporation of lignin leads to lower water uptake film. It was found that lignin retards the urea release and the SUB10%L film is stable and stayed intact for one month after immersing in water which shows high potential as a biopolymer for slow release fertilizer.

Lignin Loading Effect on Biodegradability and Nitrogen Release Properties of Urea Modified Tapioca Starch in Wet Soil

2013 ◽  
Vol 594-595 ◽  
pp. 798-802
Author(s):  
Zahid Majeed ◽  
Nur Kamila Ramli ◽  
Nurlidia Binti Mansor ◽  
Zakaria Man
Keyword(s):  
Slow Release ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Soil Conditions ◽  
Nitrogen Release ◽  
Tapioca Starch ◽  
Loading Effect ◽  
Soil Microbial ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Modified Tapioca Starch

Plant based biopolymers are abundantly and easily available naturally biodegradable raw materials to prepare slow release nitrogen technologies. To test the lignin loading effect on biodegradability of the slow release fertilizer (SRF) and nitrogen release applications, a pot experiment under real soil conditions was conducted. Lignin at different loading percentages 5%, 10%, 15% and 20% were mixed with urea-modified tapioca starch acting as slow release fertilizer (SRF). Increasing the percentage of lignin to starch reduced the weight loss with improved nitrogen slow release properties in wet soil. Soil microbial biomass was negatively correlated with increase of lignin percentages. Lignin is a low cost biopolymer and can be used to improve starch biodegradation and its slow release nitrogen properties.

Iron/NPK agrochemical formulation from superabsorbent nanocomposite based on maize bran and montmorillonite with functions of water uptake and slow-release fertilizer

2018 ◽  
Vol 42 (16) ◽  
pp. 13899-13914 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hamed Gharekhani ◽  
Ali Olad ◽  
Farshad Hosseinzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Water Uptake ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Nutritional Disorder ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Maize Bran ◽  
Hydrogel Nanocomposite

Slow-release character of hydrogel nanocomposite makes it efficient in amending Fe nutritional disorder, fertilizer loss, and crops growth and yield.

Fourier transform-infrared studies of thin H2SO4/H2O films: Formation, water uptake, and solid-liquid phase changes

1993 ◽  
Vol 98 (D11) ◽  
pp. 20473 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ann M. Middlebrook ◽  
Laura T. Iraci ◽  
Laurie S. McNeill ◽  
Birgit G. Koehler ◽  
Margaret A. Wilson ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Liquid Phase ◽  
Water Uptake ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Phase Changes ◽  
Formation Water ◽  
Infrared Studies ◽  
Solid Liquid

Starch Based Soil Conditioner and Slow Release System

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 877-880
Author(s):  
Zakaria Man ◽  
Ariyanti Sarwono ◽  
Mohammad Azmi Bustam ◽  
Khairun Azizi Azizli
Keyword(s):  
Sandy Soil ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Modified Starch ◽  
Tapioca Starch ◽  
Soil Conditioner ◽  
Release System ◽  
Slow Release Fertilizer ◽  
Swelling Capacity ◽  
Slow Release System

Tapioca starch film modified with urea and borate was prepared and studied for possible application as soil conditioner and slow release fertilizer. To reduce the hydrophilicity and reinforce the film, lignin was added into the starch-urea-borate system. The presence of lignin reduces the swelling capacity. The lignin modified film remains intact and shows good reswelling capability in water. The water retention of soil was improved by addition of film in sandy soil. The release of entrapped urea in soil was also studied. This study shows that the lignin modified starch film can act as soil conditioner as well as slow release system.

scholarly journals Degradable Slow-Release Fertilizer Composite Prepared by Ex Situ Mixing of Inverse Vulcanized Copolymer with Urea

Agronomy ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 65
Author(s):  
Ali Shaan Manzoor Ghumman ◽  
Rashid Shamsuddin ◽  
Mohamed Mahmoud Nasef ◽  
Carmelo Maucieri ◽  
Obaid Ur Rehman ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Scanning Electron Microscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform ◽  
Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy ◽  
Slow Release ◽  
Fourier Transform Infrared ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
Distilled Water ◽  
Scanning Electron

To improve the crop yield and nitrogen uptake efficacy, a novel slow-release urea composite fertilizer (SUCF) was developed using inverse vulcanized copolymer with better biodegradation and nutrient release longevity. Copolymers were synthesized via inverse vulcanization of jatropha oil, and their properties were evaluated using thermogravimetric analysis (TGA), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), powdered-X-ray diffractometry (p-XRD), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). SUCFs were developed by ex situ mixing of inverse vulcanized copolymer with urea powder using mechanical mixer, and their properties were evaluated using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). FTIR spectra of developed fertilizer possesses the urea characteristics peaks along with the undisturbed peaks representing copolymer, confirming the mechanical mixing and that no reaction took place. SEM images of the SUCFs compared with images of copolymer revealed the appearance of new isolated particles with different morphology; EDX mapping showed that these particles represent the urea added to the copolymer. Nitrogen release longevity of developed fertilizers was evaluated in both soil and distilled water. The leaching test revealed that only 70% of the total nitrogen of SUCF prepared from 50 wt% sulfur copolymer was released after 16 days of incubation in distilled water, whereas it released only 35% nitrogen after 20 days in soil. The biodegradability of all copolymers developed was investigated by burying in soil and it revealed their biodegradable nature as weight loss was observed, which increased with the increase of incubation period.

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