Production of Herbal Nanopowders: Effect of Milling Time

2013 ◽  
Vol 686 ◽  
pp. 3-7
Author(s):  
M.Z. Borhan ◽  
A. Norhidayah ◽  
R. Ahmad ◽  
Mohamad Rusop ◽  
Saifollah Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Correlation Spectroscopy ◽  
Asiatic Acid ◽  
Top Down ◽  
Therapeutic Properties ◽  
Scanning Electron

Several clinical studies have proved the triterpenes in this herb have therapeutic properties and posses significant to health such as antitumor and wound healing. Centella asiatica nanopowders (CANPs) have been produced via top down approach using Planetary Ball Mill (PBM) at 0.5, 4 and 8 hours of milling in optimized condition. CANPs have been characterized using Photo Correlation Spectroscopy (PCS), Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscope (FESEM) and High Performance Liquid Chromatography (HPLC). As a result significant reduction on size was observed as increased a milling time by comparing their z-Average (nm) and the morphology of CANPs exist in the agglomerated form. The HPLC results showed significant increase in concentration of asiatic acid by comparing the concentration of asiatic acid in extract of CANPs and coarse powders whereby the asiaticoside completely disappeared after milling. Thus, nanoherbal can be said as improving the extraction ratio of asiatic acid compared to the coarse powders due to the smaller particle size and larger surface area and the disappearance of asiaticoside still not completely understood.

Different Cr Contents in Nanostructured Fe-Ni-Cr Alloys Prepared by Mechanical Alloying

2012 ◽  
Vol 531-532 ◽  
pp. 437-441 ◽  
Author(s):  
Qi He ◽  
Tao Liu ◽  
Jian Liang Xie
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Ball Milling ◽  
Lattice Distortion ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Nanocrystalline Powders ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Ball Milling Time ◽  
Scanning Electron

Fe-Ni-Cr alloy powders with the different components were prepared by Mechanical Alloying (MA). The phase structure, grain size, micro-strain and lattice distortion were determined with X-ray diffraction. The morphology and particle size of the powders were observed and analyzed using a field emission scanning electron microscopy. The results showed that the Fe-Ni-Cr nanocrystalline powders could be obtained by MA. The ball milling time could be reduced with increasing amount of Cr, resulting the formation of Fe-Ni-Cr powders. With the increasing amount of Cr, the speed of Ni diffusion to Fe lattice approaching saturation became more rapid. The particle size got smaller as the ball milling went further; the extent of micro-strain and distortion of lattice intensified; the solid solubility of Ni and Cr in Fe was increased. Finally the super-saturated solid solution of Fe was obtained.

Impact of Nanopowders on Exraction Yield of Centella asiatica

2013 ◽  
Vol 667 ◽  
pp. 246-250 ◽  
Author(s):  
M.Z. Borhan ◽  
R. Ahmad ◽  
Mohamad Rusop ◽  
Saifollah Abdullah
Keyword(s):  
Ball Mill ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Planetary Ball Mill ◽  
Asiatic Acid ◽  
Bioactive Constituents ◽  
Original Powder ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Particle Sizer

Centella asiatica (C. Asiatica) is a traditional herb that has been used in raditional medicine especially in Asia region. Recently the pharmalogical study of Asiatic acid (AA) which is one of bioactive constituents in C. Asiatica has been studied and revealed that this compound has a potential to be use in medicine area. The objective of this paper is to produce nanoparticles C. Asiatica by Planetary Ball Mill (PBM) and determined the effect of nanonization on extraction yield of asiatic acid. The particles were analyzed using particle sizer to determine size of particle produce and the morphology was evaluated through FESEM. As a result, the mean particles size of nanopowders was 501.10 nm and the extraction of asiatic acid using nanopowders showed 82.09 % higher than original powder.

Study on Ball Milling of TiH2 and Application in Energetic Materials

2014 ◽  
Vol 599-601 ◽  
pp. 107-110
Author(s):  
Bing Xue ◽  
Hong Hao Ma ◽  
Zhao Wu Shen ◽  
Yong Yu ◽  
Li Jie Ren
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Energetic Materials ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Particle Distribution ◽  
High Explosives ◽  
Initial Stage ◽  
Time Scanning ◽  
Detonation Speed ◽  
Mill Process ◽  
Scanning Electron

Particle distribution of titanium hydride (TiH2) during the ball mill process was studied by milling it with different time. Scanning electron microscope (SEM) pictures showed that particle size decreased quickly at the initial stage, and homogeneous, super fine TiH2 powder was obtained after 4 h mill. Application of TiH2 in energetic materials was investigated by preparation of TiH2/RDX composite explosive and measuring the detonation speed. Results showed that detonation speed of TiH2/RDX explosive was depended on the content and particle size of TiH2. TiH2 is a potential additive in high explosives (HE).

scholarly journals Influence of liberation of sulphide minerals on flotation of sedimentary copper ore

2017 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 01025
Author(s):  
Alicja Bakalarz ◽  
Magdalena Duchnowska ◽  
Andrzej Luszczkiewicz
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Mineral Processing ◽  
Copper Ore ◽  
Sulphide Minerals ◽  
Mineral Liberation ◽  
Mineral Production

Ore liberation is one of the most important parameter in mineral processing, especially in flotation. To separate the valuable components from gangue minerals, it is necessary to liberate one from others. It is achieve primarily through crushing and grinding. These stages are one of the most expensive of mineral production. It is important to determine the adequate mineral liberation which would result in huge savings in the overall cost of flotation plant. The aim of the paper was the analysis of the influence of milling time on the laboratory flotation of the copper ore from stratiform Polish deposit. Three different milling time of copper ore in laboratory ball mill was applied. The flotation results were presented as the recovery-recovery and grade-recovery upgrading curves. The liberation of sulphides and the particle size of sulphides in flotation product were analysed and compared.

The Effect of Milling Time on Physical Properties, Magnetic Properties and Microstructure of Bonded Magnet BaFe12O19

2020 ◽  
Vol 855 ◽  
pp. 34-39
Author(s):  
Suprapedi ◽  
Muljadi ◽  
Priyo Sardjono ◽  
Ramlan Ramlan
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Physical Properties ◽  
Bulk Density ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Mixed Powder ◽  
Bonded Magnet

A bonded permanent magnet of Barium hexa Ferrite has been made using powder BaFe12O19 (commercial ferrite) and a polymer of bakelite powder as binder. The composition of bakelite was varried 5% wt. The preparation of sample was begun with mass weighing for each material, then mixed together using ball mill for 1, 6 and 12 hours and using aquades as milling media. The mixed powder is dried in an oven at 110 °C for 4 hours, then the particle size distribution was measured. After that, the dried sample powder was pressed to form a pellet at pressure 40 MPa and temperature about 160 °C for 20 minutes. The characterization of sample pellet was done such as measurement of bulk density, hardness , magnetic properties using VSM and anylisis of microstructure using SEM. The results of the characterization show that the density and magnetic properties tend to increase with increasing of milling time, where the highest density, hardness and highest magnetic properties are achieved at sample with milling time for 12 hours. The value of magnetic properties at this condition are flux magnetic of 530 Gauss, remenance of 3100 Gauss, coercivity of 1,10 kOe.

Effect of Grinding Methods on the Performance of Ground Fly Ash

2011 ◽  
Vol 477 ◽  
pp. 10-15
Author(s):  
Zhong Yuan Lu ◽  
Xun Xu ◽  
Jun Li
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Fly Ash ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Average Particle Size ◽  
Average Particle ◽  
Uniformity Coefficient ◽  
Mortar Strength ◽  
Particle Size Analyzer ◽  
Vibration Mill ◽  
Scanning Electron

In this study, coarse fly ash was ground with laboratory ball mill, vibration mill and jet mill respectively. The powder characteristic of ground fly ash was tested by laser particle size analyzer and scanning electron microscope. And the performance of cement containing different ground fly ash was also studied. It was observed that the characteristic value of fly ash ground by ball mill, vibration mill and jet mill was 13.543 μm, 13.403 μm and 17.344 μm, respectively, when average particle size was about 25μm. And the uniformity coefficient of fly ash ground by ball mill, vibration mill, and jet mill was 1.26, 1.24 and 1.38, respectively. Specially, the mortar strength was increased when 10 to 20 percent of ground fly ash was added. And the highest fluidity of mortar was obtained when 30 percent of fly ash ground by jet mill was added.

Microwave Sintering and Electric Properties of ZnO Varistor Ceramics

2013 ◽  
Vol 833 ◽  
pp. 75-79 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xin Xin He ◽  
Guo You Gan ◽  
Ji Kang Yan ◽  
Jing Hong Du ◽  
Jia Ming Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
Microwave Sintering ◽  
Electric Properties ◽  
Planetary Ball Mill ◽  
Zno Varistor ◽  
C Doping ◽  
Zno Powder

The ZnO varistor ceramics were fabricated through microwave sintering at 800~1150°C using ZnO powder doped and undoped TiO2 prepared by planetary ball mill. And the effects of milling time, sintering temperature and doping on microwave sintering technique have been studied. The result shows that the powder is more homogeneously and with smaller particle size with the increasing of milling time, therefore the electric properties is improved. However the particle size and the electric properties tend towards stability after 20h milling time. The density and electric properties increase with the increasing of sintering temperature, but decrease sharply at 1100°C, so the best sintering temperature is 1100°C. Doping TiO2 improves the electric properties of ZnO, however the electric properties decrease with more than 2.5% doping.

scholarly journals Impact of Attrition Ball-Mill on Characteristics and Biochemical Methane Potential of Food Waste

Energies ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (8) ◽  
pp. 2085
Author(s):  
Yang Mo Gu ◽  
Seon Young Park ◽  
Ji Yeon Park ◽  
Byoung-In Sang ◽  
Byoung Seong Jeon ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Anaerobic Digestion ◽  
Food Waste ◽  
Methane Production ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Volatile Fatty Acids ◽  
Milling Time ◽  
Biochemical Methane Potential ◽  
Methane Potential ◽  
The Impact

The impact of attrition ball-mill pretreatment on food waste particle size, soluble chemical oxygen demand (SCOD), biochemical methane potential, and microbial community during anaerobic digestion was investigated based on milling speed and time. The uniformity of particle size improved with increasing milling speed and time. The SCOD of the pretreated samples increased to 4%, 7%, and 17% at the speeds of 150, 225, and 300 rpm, respectively, compared to the control. Milling time did not significantly change the SCOD. The cumulative methane productions of 430, 440, and 490 mL/g-VS were observed at the speeds of 150, 225, and 300 rpm, respectively, while the untreated sample exhibited the cumulative methane production of 390 mL/g-VS. Extended milling time did not improve methane production much. When the milling times of 10, 20, and 30 min were applied with the milling speed fixed at 300 rpm, the methane productions of 490, 510, and 500 mL/g-VS were observed respectively. Ball-mill pretreatment also increased the total volatile fatty acids. During the anaerobic digestion (AD) of ball-mill treated food waste, acetoclastic methanogens predominated, with a relative abundance of 48–49%. Interestingly, hydrogenotrophic methanogens were 1.6 times higher in the pretreated samples than those in the control. These results showed the potential of attrition ball milling as a food waste pretreatment for improving methane production.

Profiling of triterpenoid saponin content variation in different chemotypic accessions of Centella asiatica L.

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (2) ◽  
pp. 176-179 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jyoti Singh ◽  
Rajender Singh Sangwan ◽  
Sanjeev Gupta ◽  
Sangeeta Saxena ◽  
Neelam S. Sangwan
Keyword(s):  
High Performance ◽  
Total Content ◽  
Centella Asiatica ◽  
Triterpenoid Saponin ◽  
Asiatic Acid ◽  
Worldwide Distribution ◽  
Medicinal Value ◽  
Saponin Content ◽  
Core Set ◽  
Medicinal Properties

Centella asiatica (L.) Urban is an important herbaceous medicinal plant with a worldwide distribution. The herb possesses a medicinal value and is used extensively in traditional systems of medicine. The medicinal properties of the herb are attributed to the presence of characteristic triterpenoids and their saponins in the leaves. The major triterpenoids are asiaticoside, madecassoside and their aglycones asiatic acid and madecassic acid, respectively, among others. The present study reports a remarkable qualitative and quantitative variability in secondary metabolites in different accessions of C. asiatica L. as determined by high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) analysis. The accessions analyzed in this study can be considered as the core set of discrete chemotypes of C. asiatica. Considerable and contrasting biochemical variations were observed in the terpenoid profiles of the chemotypes. From the basic and applied phytochemical utility, this chemotypic variability in the total content of triterpenoids is important and interesting.

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