Research on Design of High-Efficiency Fire Turbopump Supplying Water from Low-Level Water Resources

2013 ◽  
Vol 694-697 ◽  
pp. 652-658 ◽  
Author(s):  
Li Jing Wang ◽  
Ye Yuan ◽  
Lin Xue
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Pressure Field ◽  
Fire Service ◽  
Fire Control ◽  
Conversion Model ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Match Model ◽  
Pump Head

According to requirements of fire service, turbopump is used to supply water from low-level water resources. The efficiency of agricultural irrigation turbopump is too low to provide sufficient water to fire control, so a fire turbopump is designed in this paper. It is common to design a turbopump by empirical methods, but this causes turbopump not to operate at best efficiency point. Therefore, three design concepts of new turbopump model, existing hydraulic match model and turbopump conversion model are discussed. Their theories and application conditions are also listed. After design of fire turbopump by new turbopump model, numerical simulation is conducted to analyze the pressure field to predict operating status. The open rig experiment is also presented to confirm its performance characteristics. The pump head and flow rate of the designed turbopump meets the requirements of fire ground and it is proved that the efficiency of fire turbopump is much higher than irrigation turbopump, which indicates the new turbopump model is an effective strategy to design turbopump.

Runoff Forecast and Analysis of the Probability of Dry and Wet Transition in the Hanjiang River Basin

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Haoyu Jin ◽  
Xiaohong Chen ◽  
Ruida Zhong
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
River Basin ◽  
Transition Probability ◽  
Conversion Model ◽  
Drought And Flood ◽  
Runoff Prediction ◽  
Runoff Forecast ◽  
Hanjiang River ◽  
Basin Area ◽  
Regional Water

Abstract Runoff prediction has an important guiding role in the planning and management of regional water resources, flood prevention and drought resistance, and can effectively predict the risk of changes in regional water resources. This study used 12 runoff prediction methods to predict the runoff of four hydrological stations in the Hanjiang River Basin (HRB). Through the MCMC method, the HRB runoff probability conversion model from low to high (high to low) is constructed. The study found that the runoff of the HRB had a decreasing trend. In the mid-1980s, the runoff had a significant decreasing trend. The smoother the runoff changes, the easier it is to make accurate prediction. On the whole, the QS-MFM, MFM, MA-MFM, CES and DNN methods have strong generalization ability and can more accurately predict the runoff of the HRB. The Logistic model can accurately simulate the change of runoff status in the HRB. Among them, the HLT station has the fastest conversion rate of drought and flood, and the flow that generates floods is 6 times that of drought. The smaller the basin area, the larger the gap between drought and flood discharge. Overall, this research provides important technical support for the prediction of change in water resources and the transition probability from drought to flood in the HRB.

Study on High Efficiency Technology of Industrial Circulating Water in Yellow River Estuary Area

2015 ◽  
Vol 737 ◽  
pp. 719-722
Author(s):  
Xiao Feng Yang ◽  
Bao Xiang Zhang ◽  
Yu Zhi Shi ◽  
Ming Yuan Fan ◽  
Hai Jiao Liu
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Brackish Water ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Yellow River ◽  
Supply And Demand ◽  
Water Discharge ◽  
River Estuary ◽  
Yellow River Estuary ◽  
Recycled Water ◽  
Circulating Water

Most of the water in yellow river estuary mixed with irrigation and leaching water, saline and brackish water, recycled water discharge into the sea without reuse except part for agriculture irrigation and aquaculture, a small part for recycling. In order to improve the efficiency and benefits of water resources utilization, this paper proposes a new way to study industrial water recycling method of the mixed water including irrigation and leaching water, saline and brackish water, recycled water. The research could have an important realistic significance to ease the contradiction between supply and demand of water resources, reduce reliance on the Yellow River and improve regional eco-environment.

Use of a Shielded Low Resolution Gamma Spectrometer for Segregation of Free Release and Low Level Waste

2007 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. G. Wilkins ◽  
E. Alvarez ◽  
J. Cocks ◽  
L. Davison ◽  
A. Mattinson
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Specific Activity ◽  
Performance Testing ◽  
Low Resolution ◽  
Measurement Sensitivity ◽  
Radiation Background ◽  
Low Level ◽  
Monitoring Process ◽  
Waste Repository ◽  
The Uk

In the UK, low level radioactive waste (LLW) is sent to the national Low Level Waste Repository (LLWR) at Drigg in Cumbria. Strict rules limit the specific activity of waste that is sent to the LLW Repository and waste producers and consignors have to demonstrate that the waste they send to the repository meets its conditions for acceptance. However, the limited capacity of the Low Level Waste Repository means that it is just as important for waste consigners to ensure that inactive ‘free release’ or ‘exempt’ waste is not inadvertently sent to the repository. Incorrect segregation of waste in a decommissioning activity can mean that large amounts of the waste produced is below the exemption limit and could therefore be disposed of in conventional landfill. Sellafield Ltd. is using a pair of Canberra WM2750 Clearance Monitors to assay 100 litre packages of soft waste produced in some of their decommissioning activities at Sellafield. The WM2750 uses low resolution gamma spectrometry (LRGS) to determine the radionuclide content of packages or drums of LLW up to a maximum of 140 litre capacity. It uses a lead shielded measurement chamber to reduce the local radiation background along with high efficiency sodium iodide (NaI) detectors in order to obtain the measurement sensitivity required to be able to distinguish between LLW and exempt waste in a measurement time of less than 1 minute per package. This paper describes the waste monitoring process and the design of the clearance monitor — in particular how it was calibrated and the performance testing that was carried out to ensure that waste items identified by the monitors as being exempt waste are suitable for disposal to a conventional landfill site.

New Design Concepts for the Tribological Contact of Cylinder Block and Valve Plate

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stefan Geffroy ◽  
Stephan Wegner ◽  
Stefan Gels ◽  
Hubertus Murrenhoff ◽  
Katharina Schmitz
Keyword(s):  
High Pressure ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
High Reliability ◽  
Valve Plate ◽  
Cylinder Block ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Additional Pressure ◽  
Simulation Results ◽  
Axial Piston ◽  
Tribological Contact

Abstract Axial piston machines are the most widely used type of hydraulic displacement machines and are characterized by their high reliability and efficiency. However, in order to ensure the high efficiency, the tribological contacts have to be precisely optimized. One of the three essential contacts in axial piston machines is the contact of valve plate and cylinder block, which is the subject of this paper. In a previous research project, a simulation model was built up specifically for the tribological contact of valve plate and cylinder block. A test rig was developed and installed for the validation of the simulation results. Both, the experimental and the simulation results show that the cylinder block tilts to the high-pressure side. It holds this preferred position nearly constantly for the different load situations over one revolution with four or five pistons pressurized with high pressure at the same time. The tilting increases the danger of solid body contact in the area of minimum gap height. In addition, it leads to temperature hot spots. Both effects necessitate the use of coatings as alternatives to the commonly used leaded alloys. This paper presents new design concepts for the optimization of the tribological contact of valve plate and cylinder block. Additional pressure pockets in the valve plate’s high-pressure kidney generate a torque and thus reduce the tilt angle of the cylinder block. By implementing additional pressure pockets at the cylinder block an imbalance results, which prevents a constant preferred position. Both concepts have the aim to reduce the heat concentration and improving the overall behavior of the tribological contact. The development and comparison of these concepts are based on a numerical analysis.

scholarly journals US Geological Survey, Water Resources Division, Radiocarbon Measurements I

Radiocarbon ◽  
1975 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 135-148 ◽  
Author(s):  
F J Pearson ◽  
Martha Bodden
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Ground Water ◽  
Geological Survey ◽  
Low Level ◽  
The Us

The Water Resources Division of the US Geological Survey has operated a low-level tritium laboratory since the late 1950's. In 1970, 14C-measuring facilities were added to that laboratory to provide analyses of ground water and other carbonates, primarily for research and field projects of the Division.

Nano-Catalysis Process for Treatment of Industrial Wastewater

2020 ◽  
pp. 229-251
Author(s):  
Manoj Kumar Karnena ◽  
Madhavi Konni ◽  
Vara Saritha
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Resources ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Collective Knowledge ◽  
Inorganic Pollutants ◽  
Treatment Processes ◽  
Treatment Technologies ◽  
Water And Wastewater ◽  
Growing Economy ◽  
Nano Catalysts

The rapid increase in population and urbanization leads to the scarcity of water resources in the present era. Therefore, effective wastewater treatment is a prerequisite for a growing economy. Development and implementing the advanced treatment technologies of wastewater with high efficiency and low capital is difficult. In the recent advancements among various treatment processes, nanomaterial science has been attracting the attention of researchers. However, limited collective knowledge is available in this context. The chapter reviews the potential of nano catalysis's process, mechanism, and current drawbacks in treatment technologies. It explains the different nano catalysts that are widely utilized for the treatment and removal of organic and inorganic pollutants in water and wastewater and discusses the nano-based photocatalytic, nano-based electrocatalysis, nano-based Fenton catalysis and their efficiency in various removal of pollutants from wastewater.

Fire Service Summary Report: Study of the Effectiveness of Fire Service Positive Pressure Ventilation During Fire Attack in Single Family Homes Incorporating Modern Construction Practices

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Robin Zevotek ◽  
◽  
Steve Kerber
Keyword(s):  
Positive Pressure Ventilation ◽  
Fire Behavior ◽  
Fire Service ◽  
Scientific Data ◽  
Full Scale ◽  
Fuel Load ◽  
Positive Pressure ◽  
Research Report ◽  
Single Family ◽  
Fire Control

There is a continued tragic loss of firefighter and civilian lives, as shown by fire statistics. One significant contributing factor is the lack of understanding of fire behavior in residential structures resulting from the use of ventilation as a firefighter practice on the fire ground. The changing dynamics of residential fires as a result of the changes in home construction materials, contents, size and geometry over the past 30 years compounds our lack of understanding of the effects of ventilation on fire behavior. Positive Pressure Ventilation (PPV) fans were introduced as a technology to increase firefighter safety by controlling the ventilation. However, adequate scientific data is not available for PPV to be used without increasing the risk to firefighters. This fire research report details the experimental data from cold flow experiments, fuel load characterization experiments and full scale fire experiments. During the project it was identified that the positive pressure attack (PPA) and positive pressure ventilation (PPV) were often used interchangeably. For the purpose of this report they have been defined as PPA for when the fan is utilized prior to fire control and PPV for when the fan is used post fire control. The information from the full scale tests was reviewed with assistance from our technical panel of fire service experts to develop tactical considerations for the use of PPV fans in residential single family structures.

Influence of the Casing Width and the Impeller Position on Centrifugal Fan Performance: A CFD-Based Study on Cause and Effect

2014 ◽  
Author(s):  
S. Schönwald ◽  
F. Kameier ◽  
M. Böhle
Keyword(s):  
High Efficiency ◽  
Low Noise ◽  
Width Ratio ◽  
Centrifugal Fan ◽  
Noise Emission ◽  
Cfd Simulations ◽  
Fan Performance ◽  
Design Concepts ◽  
Impeller Outlet ◽  
Overall Efficiency

A high-efficiency centrifugal fan with low noise emission is used to investigate the influence of the casing width on the flow performance. Common design concepts use a width ratio of casing to impeller outlet from 2.5 up to 3. This range of the width ratio results in a large casing depth, which is not the best approach with regard to the overall dimension and the material costs for large industrial machines. Furthermore, centrifugal fan designs with a width ratio above 3 are disadvantageous because of their lower overall efficiency. In addition to an optimized casing depth, the position of the impeller in the casing also influences the performance. Using the results of several CFD simulations, we show that by creating a very small gap between the impeller rear plate and the casing wall, smaller energy losses and higher–performance can be achieved.

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