Effect of Different Vacuum Pressure on the Tensile Properties of Sugar Palm Frond Fibre Reinforced Polyester Composites

2013 ◽  
Vol 701 ◽  
pp. 23-27
Author(s):  
S.A. Syed Azuan ◽  
M.M. Saufi ◽  
M.G. Azniah ◽  
J.M. Juraidi
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fibre Volume Fraction ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Vacuum Pressure ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Polyester Composites ◽  
The One ◽  
Palm Frond

Sugar palm frond fibre has a potential to be as reinforcement in natural fibres reinforced polyester composites. This paper investigates the tensile properties of sugar palm frond fibre reinforced polyester composites. The sugar palm frond fibres were mixed with polyester composites at the 5 % fibre volume fraction with three different vacuum pressure of 5, 10 and 15 psi. The composites panels were fabricated using a vacuum bagging techniques. The tensile test was carried out in accordance to ASTM D638 respectively. The results showed that the vacuum pressure at 15 psi gave maximum value for tensile strength and tensile modulus. The results indicate that by increasing the vacuum pressure, it created a better bonding between fibre and the matrix. Minitab software was used to perform the one-way ANOVA analysis to measure the significant. From the analysis, there is a significant effect of vacuum pressure on the tensile properties.

scholarly journals Fabrication and Characterization of Unidirectional Silk Fibre Composites

2011 ◽  
Vol 471-472 ◽  
pp. 20-25 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mansur Ahmed ◽  
Md. Saiful Islam ◽  
Qumrul Ahsan ◽  
Md Mainul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Flexural Modulus ◽  
Fibre Volume Fraction ◽  
Initial Study ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Silk Fibre ◽  
Specific Strength ◽  
Pull Out ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Strength And Stiffness

Natural fibres offer a number of benefits as reinforcement for synthetic polymers since they have high specific strength and stiffness, high impact strength, biodegradability etc. The aim of this study is to fabricate and determine the performance of unidirectional silk fibre reinforced polymer composites. In the present initial study, alkali treated silk fibres were incorporated as reinforcing agent, while a mixture of 20% maleic anhydride grafted polypropylene (MAPP) and commercial grade polypropylene (PP) was used as matrix element. The unidirectional composites were fabricated by using hot compression machine under specific pressure, temperature and varying fibre loading. Tensile, flexural, impact and hardness tests were carried out by varying silk fibre volume fraction. Composites containing 45% fibre volume fraction had higher tensile and flexural strength, Young’s modulus and flexural modulus compared to other fabricated composites including those with untreated silk fibres. SEM micrographs were taken to examine composite fracture surface and interfacial adhesion between silk fibre and the matrix. These micrographs suggested less fibre pull out and better interfacial bonding for 40% fibre reinforced composites.

Imperata cylindrica / Sacred Grass Long Fibre Reinforced Polyester Composites – An Experimental Determination of Properties

2014 ◽  
Vol 612 ◽  
pp. 131-137 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nadendla Srinivasababu ◽  
J. Suresh Kumar ◽  
K. Vijaya Kumar Reddy
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fibre Volume Fraction ◽  
Splitting Method ◽  
Dielectric Strength ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Imperata Cylindrica ◽  
Polyester Matrix ◽  
Maximum Volume Fraction ◽  
Polyester Composites

In the present work a new natural fibre i.e. sacred grass botanically called Imperata Cylindrica is introduced and it belongs to vedic grass family. The fibre is extracted by splitting method and is reinforced into the polyester matrix by hand lay-up technique for the fabrication of tensile, flexural, impact, dielectric test specimens as per ASTM procedures. Highest values of tensile strength (50.96 MPa), modulus (990.86 MPa) are observed for sacred grass fibre reinforced polyester composites at maximum volume fraction of chemically treated fibre. At 14.75 %, 35.89 % sacred grass fibre volume fraction the composites exhibited flexural strength, modulus of 43.19 MPa, 4.81 GPa respectively. Impact strength of 92.53 kJ/m2 is obtained for the composites reinforced with 34.73 % volume fraction of sacred grass fibres. The dielectric strength of the composites varies from 10 to 6.66 kV/mm for composites reinforced with fibres from minimum (6.26 %) to maximum (32.25 %) fibre content.

The effects of interfacial debonding on the elastoplastic response of unidirectional silicon carbide—titanium composites

2010 ◽  
Vol 224 (2) ◽  
pp. 259-269 ◽  
Author(s):  
M J Mahmoodi ◽  
M M Aghdam ◽  
M Shakeri
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Yield Criterion ◽  
Fibre Volume Fraction ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Interfacial Debonding ◽  
Successive Approximation Method ◽  
Interface Damage ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Von Mises

A three-dimensional micromechanics-based analytical model is presented to investigate the effects of initiation and propagation of interface damage on the elastoplastic behaviour of unidirectional SiC—Ti metal matrix composites (MMCs) subjected to off-axis loading. Temperature-dependent properties are considered for the matrix. Manufacturing process thermal residual stress (RS) is also included in the model. The selected representative volume element consists of r× c unit cells in which a quarter of the fibre is surrounded by matrix sub-cells. The constant compliance interface model is used to model interfacial debonding and the successive approximation method together with von Mises yield criterion is used to obtain elastoplastic behaviour. Dominance mode of damage including fibre fracture, interfacial debonding, and matrix yielding and ultimate tensile strength of the SiC—Ti MMC are predicted for various loading directions. The effects of thermal RS and fibre volume fraction on the stress—strain response of the SiC—Ti MMC are studied. Results revealed that for more realistic predictions, both interface damage and thermal RS effects should be considered in the analysis. The contribution of interfacial debonding and thermal RS in the overall behaviour of the material is also investigated. Comparison between results of the presented model shows very good agreement with the finite-element micromechanical analysis and experiment for various off-axis angles.

scholarly journals Characterisation of Artocarpus Heterophyllus Fibre Reinforced Composite

2018 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 304-309
Author(s):  
Hoo Tien Nicholas Kuan
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fibre Volume Fraction ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Natural Fibre ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Artocarpus Heterophyllus ◽  
Paper Making ◽  
Sport Equipment ◽  
Fibre Reinforced Polymer ◽  
Press Method

Natural fibre reinforced polymer composite (NFRPC) has successfully replaced other synthetic fibre for applications in automobile, sport equipment, furniture, electrical appliances, etc. Artocarpus heterophyllus or jackfruit are mass produced in most South East Asia, but most of the parts other than the fruit would go to waste. In this study, Artocarpus heterophyllus fibre reinforced high density polyethylene (HDPE) composite was fabricated and tested for its mechanical properties, such as tensile and hardness properties. Artocarpus heterophyllus fibres were made into sheets using traditional paper making process, before being laminated with HDPE films using hot press method. Different volume fraction of fibre laminates were produced: 10%, 13%, 17% and 21%. The study shows that composite with 10%, 13% and 17% fibre volume fraction exhibits better tensile strength and hardness value than neat HDPE, while composites with 13%, 17% and 21% fibre volume fraction exhibit higher tensile modulus than neat HDPE. The optimum fibre content for the Artocarpus heterophyllus composite is 17%.

Fabrication and tensile testing of 3D printed continuous wire polymer composites

2018 ◽  
Vol 24 (7) ◽  
pp. 1131-1141 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yehia Ibrahim ◽  
Garrett W. Melenka ◽  
Roger Kempers
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Properties ◽  
Polymer Composites ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Tensile Modulus ◽  
Analytical Prediction ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Continuous Wire ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
3D Printed ◽  
American Society

Purpose This paper aims to evaluate and predict the tensile properties of additively manufactured continuous wire polymer composites (CWPCs). Design/methodology/approach An open-source 3D printer was modified to print CWPCs where metal wires act as a reinforcement within a polymer matrix. The influence of different wire materials and diameters on the tensile modulus and ultimate tensile strength was studied. Different polymer matrixes were used to investigate the effect of the matrix on CWPCs’ tensile properties. The behaviour of samples was predicted analytically using the rule of mixture micromechanical approach and investigated experimentally using an American society for testing and materials standard tensile test. Findings Experimental results showed improvement in the elastic modulus and ultimate strength of CWPCs compared with non-reinforced specimens. Deviation between the experimental data and the analytical prediction was found to be dependent on the matrix type, wire volume fraction and wire material. Originality/value This paper introduces novel continuous metal wire-reinforced 3D printed composites. The continuous wire inside the print can be used as a strain gauge which can give an early alert for material failure. Applications for CWPCs include 3D-printed pressure and temperature sensors which measure the change in the wire’s electrical resistance and 3D-printed heaters which would work by supplying current through continuous wires.

Influence of Compressive Pressure, Vacuum Pressure, and Holding Temperature Applied during Autoclave Curing on the Microstructure of Unidirectional CFRP Composites

2008 ◽  
Vol 41-42 ◽  
pp. 323-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sudarisman ◽  
Ian J. Davies
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fibre Volume Fraction ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Vacuum Pressure ◽  
Void Content ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Cfrp Composites ◽  
Autoclave Curing ◽  
Compressive Pressure ◽  
Holding Temperature

The microstructure (i.e., fibre volume fraction, void content, and fibre misalignment) of unidirectional carbon fibre-reinforced polymer (CFRP) composites was optimised by controlling several parameters during manufacture, namely: (i) compressive pressure (0.25~1.25 MPa, in steps of 0.25 MPa), (ii) vacuum pressure (−0.15, −0.20, −0.30, −0.45, and −0.65 MPa), and (iii) holding temperature (100~140 oC, in steps of 10 oC), applied during autoclave curing with the holding time being 30 minutes for all specimens. Optical micrographs captured from cross-sectional, through-the thickness areas, and in-plane areas of the resulting composites were evaluated and analysed in order to describe their microstructural characteristics.

The Strength of Fibres in All-Ceramic Composites

1986 ◽  
Vol 78 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kevin Kendall ◽  
N. Mcn. Alford ◽  
J. D. Birchall
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fibre Volume Fraction ◽  
Ceramic Composites ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Matrix Cracking ◽  
Fibre Strength ◽  
All Ceramic ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Fibre Matrix

ABSTRACTWhen considering the strength of a fibre reinforced ceramic composite, it is often assumed that the fibres retain their full strength of several GPa after cracking of the weaker matrix. The strength of the composite after matrix cracking is then calculated by the rule of mixtures as the product of fibre volume fraction and fibre strength. This paper demonstrates that such a calculation is not consistent with the principles of fracture mechanics for an isolated fibre embedded in an elastic matrix of the same elastic modulus, because the strength of the fibre is much reduced by the stress concentration arising from the matrix crack. Experimental measurements of the strength of a glass fibre embedded in a brittle matrix support the theory. The case of a fibre in a matrix of different elastic modulus is also considered, together with the proDlem of cracking along the fibre-matrix interface.

scholarly journals Review on Manufacture of Military Composite Helmet

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yazhen Liang ◽  
Xiaogang Chen ◽  
Constantinos Soutis
Keyword(s):  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Fibre Volume Fraction ◽  
Structural Heterogeneity ◽  
Processing Parameters ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Two Dimensions ◽  
Three Dimensions ◽  
Protective Function ◽  
The Matrix ◽  
Manufacturing Technologies

AbstractDespite of the fact that more and more accessory devices are integrated to functionalize a ballistic helmet system, its core ballistic protective function needs to be improved with weight reduction was and still is the main course in engineering design. The two major generic classes of synthetic fibres for ballistic composites are Ultra High Molecular Weight Polyethylene (UHMWPE) fibre (0.97 g/cm3) and aramid fibre (1.44 g/cm3). In the area of military helmets, these fibres are constructed into different topologies, draping/forming into double-curvature geometric shape in multiple plies, serving as reinforcement for composite shell. The preforming ways influence the subsequent impregnation / solidification and curing step in manufacture, in terms of the fibre orientation and fibre volume fraction. The inherent structural heterogeneity thus leads to scatter in permeability and composite thickness, and have further impact in generating process-induced defects. During the processing, the fibre continuity without wrinkles, together with voids-free are determinative factors to a quality final part. The aim of this paper is to review the manufacturing technologies characterised by thermo-mechanical forming and Liquid Composite Moulding (LCM), relating their processing parameters respectively to the properties of reinforcements in one dimension (1D), two dimensions (2D) and three dimensions (3D), along with that of the matrix in dry or wet phase, interdependency of them are sought.

scholarly journals DAYA SERAP AIR DAN KANDUNGAN SERAT (FIBER CONTENT) KOMPOSIT POLIESTER TIDAK JENUH (UNSATURATED POLYESTER) BERPENGISI SERAT TANDAN KOSONG SAWIT DAN SELULOSA

2013 ◽  
Vol 2 (3) ◽  
pp. 17-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Michael ◽  
Elmer Surya ◽  
Halimatuddahliana
Keyword(s):  
Water Absorption ◽  
Palm Oil ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Unsaturated Polyester ◽  
Fibre Volume Fraction ◽  
Fibre Volume ◽  
Cellulose Content ◽  
Content Increase ◽  
Empty Fruit Bunch ◽  
The Matrix

This study was aimed to investigate the effect of empty fruit bunch palm oil and cellulose content as filler in water absorption and fibre volume fraction of the unsaturated polyester composites. The composites were made by hand-lay up method by mixing unsaturated polyester with the composition of each fillers (empty fruit bunch palm oil and cellulose) of 5,10,15,20 wt%. The parameter which was carried on the prepared samples was water absorption for each sample every 24 hours until the composites have constant absorption. It was found that the addition of fillers to the matrix caused the water absorption of composites increased at each of composition of fillers (empty fruit bunch palm oil and cellulose) and the fibre volume fraction increased as the filler content increase.

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