Microstructure and Property Evolution of Cu90Zr10 Alloy in the Process of Mechanical Alloying

2013 ◽  
Vol 750-752 ◽  
pp. 667-670
Author(s):  
C.J. Li ◽  
L. Teng ◽  
J. Tan ◽  
Q. Yuan ◽  
J.J. Tang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Alloy Powder ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Energy Ball

Cu90Zr10 alloy powder was prepared by high-energy ball milling. The microstructure and property evolution of this alloy powder during mechanical alloying (MA) were investigated by using X-ray diffraction and optical microscopy (OM). The alloy powder with an average grain size of 10 - 40 nm was obtained, and the grain size was found to decrease gradually with increasing milling time. The microhardness reached a maximum value (about 295 Hv) after 30 h milling. The internal microstrain and the microhardness of the samples increased due to the grain refinement and solid solution during milling, and 10at.% Zr could be brought into Cu lattice by solid solution during MA. At last, the mechanisms of strengthening were discussed.

Effect of Nitridation Magnetic Properties of Nanocrystalline Fe-Co Alloy Powders

2010 ◽  
Vol 654-656 ◽  
pp. 1106-1109
Author(s):  
Ya Qiong He ◽  
Chang Hui Mao ◽  
Jian Yang
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Magnetic Properties ◽  
Alloy Powder ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Powder Mixtures ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Transmission Electron ◽  
Nitridation Temperature ◽  
Microstructure And Magnetic Properties

Nanocrystalline Fe-Co alloy powders, which were prepared by high-energy mechanical milling, were nitrided under the mixing gas of NH3/H2 in the temperature range from 380°C to 510°C. X-ray diffraction (XRD) was used to analyze the grain size and reaction during the processing. The magnetic properties of the nitrided powders were measured by Vibrating Sample Magnetometer (VSM). The results show that with the appearance of Fe4N phase after nitride treatment, and the grain-size of FeCo phase decreases with the increase of nitridation temperature between 380°C to 450°C.The saturation magnetization of nitrided alloy powder treated at 480°C is about 18% higher than that of the initial Fe-Co alloy powder, accompanied by the reduction of the coercivity. Transmission electron microscope (TEM) was used, attempting to further analyze the effect of Fe4N phase on microstructure and magnetic properties of the powder mixtures.

Effect of Composition on the Morphology and Hardness of Nanostructured Cu Based Composite and Alloy Powders/Granules Produced by High Energy Mechanical Milling

2007 ◽  
Vol 29-30 ◽  
pp. 143-146 ◽  
Author(s):  
Aamir Mukhtar ◽  
De Liang Zhang ◽  
C. Kong ◽  
P. R. Munroe
Keyword(s):  
Grain Size ◽  
Mechanical Milling ◽  
Alloy Powder ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Al2o3 Nanoparticles ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Fine Powders ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Powder Particles

Cu-(2.5 or 5.0vol.%)Al2O3 nanocomposite balls and granules and Cu-(2.5vol.% or 5.0vol.%)Pb alloy powder were prepared by high energy mechanical milling (HEMM) of mixtures of Cu and either Al2O3 or Pb powders. It was observed that with the increase of the content of Al2O3 nanoparticles from 2.5vol.% to 5vol.% in the powder mixture, the product of HEMM changed from hollow balls into granules and the average grain size and microhardness changed from approximately 130nm and 185HV to 100nm and 224HV, respectively. On the other hand, HEMM of Cu–(2.5 or 5.0vol.%) Pb powder mixtures under the same milling conditions failed to consolidate the powder in-situ. Instead, it led to formation of nanostructured fine powders with an average grain size of less than 50nm. Energy dispersive X-ray mapping showed homogenous distribution of Pb in the powder particles in Cu–5vol.%Pb alloy powder produced after 12 hours of milling. With the increase of the Pb content from 2.5 to 5.0 vol.%, the average microhardness of the Cu-Pb alloy powder particles increases from 270 to 285 HV. The mechanisms of the effects are briefly discussed.

Influence of Annealing Time on Microstructure of Ni-W Alloys

2013 ◽  
Vol 747-748 ◽  
pp. 613-618
Author(s):  
Qiao Zhang ◽  
Shu Hua Liang ◽  
Chen Zhang ◽  
Jun Tao Zou
Keyword(s):  
Electron Microscopy ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Grain Boundaries ◽  
Annealing Time ◽  
Single Phase ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Scanning Electron

The as-cast Ni-W alloys with 15wt%W, 25wt%W and 30wt%W were annealed in hydrogen at 1100. The effect of the annealing time on the microstructure of Ni-W alloys was studied, and the phase constituents and microstructure of annealed Ni-W alloys were characterized by the X-ray diffraction (XRD) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The results showed that no any phase changed for Ni-15%W, Ni-25%W and Ni-30%W alloys annealed for 60 min, 90 min and 150 min, which were still consisted of single-phase Ni (W) solid solution. However, microstructure had a significant change after annealing. With increase of annealing time, the microstructure of Ni-15%W alloy became more uniform after annealing for 90 min, and the average grain size was 95μm, whereas the grain size of Ni-15%W alloy increased significantly after annealing for 150 min. For Ni-25%W and Ni-30%W, there was no obvious change on the grain size with increase of annealing time, and the amount of oxides at grain boundaries gradually reduced. After annealing for 150 min, the impurities at grain boundaries almost disappeared. Subsequently, the annealing at 1100 for 150 min was beneficial for the desired microstructure of Ni-25%W and Ni-30%W alloys.

Synthesis of Nanocrystalline Fe25Al57.5Ni17.5 by Mechanical Alloying

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 1318-1321
Author(s):  
Qi Zhi Cao ◽  
Jing Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Analysis ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Differential Thermal Analysis ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray

Nanostructured Fe25Al57.5Ni17.5intermetallics was prepared directly by mechanical alloying (MA) in a high-energy planetary ball-mill. The phase transformations and structural changes occurring in the studied material during mechanical alloying were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Thermal behavior of the milled powders was examined by differential thermal analysis (DTA). Disordered Al(Fe,Ni) solid solution was formed at the early stage. After 50 h of milling, Al(Fe,Ni) solid solution transformed into Al3Ni2，AlFe3，AlFe0.23Ni0.77 phase. The power annealed at temperature 500 results in forming of intermetallics AlFe3 and FeNi3 after 5h milling. The nanocrystalline intermetallic compound was obtained after 500h milling.

HAp/TiO2 nanocomposites: Influence of TiO2 on microstructure and mechanical properties

2019 ◽  
Vol 54 (6) ◽  
pp. 765-772 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ajay Kumar Vemulapalli ◽  
Rama Murty Raju Penmetsa ◽  
Ramanaiah Nallu ◽  
Rajesh Siriyala
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Fracture Toughness ◽  
Grain Size ◽  
Flexural Strength ◽  
Bone Growth ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Microstructure And Mechanical Properties ◽  
Energy Ball

Hydroxyapatite is a very attractive material for artificial implants and human tissue restorations because they accelerate bone growth around the implant. The hydroxyapatite nanocomposites (HAp/TiO2) were produced by using high energy ball milling. X-ray diffraction studies revealed the formation of HAp and TiO2 composites. Cubic-like crystals with boundary morphologies were observed; it was also found that the grain size gradually increased with the increase in TiO2 content. It was found that the mechanical properties (hardness, Young's modulus, fracture toughness, flexural strength, and compression strength)of the composites significantly improved with the addition of TiO2, which was sintered at 1200℃. These properties were then also correlated with the microstructure of the composites. This paper investigates the effect of titania (TiO2 = 0, 5, 10, 15, 20, and 25 wt%) addition on the microstructure and mechanical properties of hydroxyapatite (Ca10(PO4)6(OH)2) nanocomposites.

How Fe60Co40 and Fe72Al28 Nano-Alloys Produced by Mechanical Alloying Behave when Exposed to Microwaves

2008 ◽  
Vol 584-586 ◽  
pp. 977-981 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fadhela Otmane ◽  
S. Bergheul ◽  
Z. Hamlati ◽  
M. Azzaz
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Reflection Loss ◽  
Frequency Range ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Morphological Studies ◽  
X Band ◽  
Average Grain Size ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Fe60Co40 and Fe72Al28 nano-alloys were synthesized from elemental powders via highenergy mechanical alloying. The prepared samples were characterized using X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and X-band waveguide to measure the reflection loss in a frequency range of 9-10 GHz. The XRD patterns show that disordered Fe60Co40 solid solution with a bodycentred cubic structure is formed for milling times longer than 12 h, and after 4h milling, the solid solution Fe72Al28 has been largely formed. Morphological studies indicate an average grain size of 10 to 15 nm. The microwave- absorbing characteristic reveal good performance for Fe60Co40 compared to Fe72Al28, the maximum reflection loss is about -12 dB for the absorber.

Structural Evolution of Mechanically Alloyed Nanocrystalline Fe25Al50Ni25 Intermetallics

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 1476-1479
Author(s):  
Qi Zhi Cao ◽  
Jing Zhang ◽  
Jian Ying Li
Keyword(s):  
Solid Solution ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Structural Changes ◽  
Structural Evolution ◽  
High Energy ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Mechanically Alloyed ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Unknown Phase

Nanostructured Fe25Al50Ni25intermetallics was prepared directly by mechanical alloying (MA) in a high-energy planetary ball-mill. The phase transformations and structural changes occurring in the studied material during mechanical alloying were investigated by X-ray diffraction (XRD). Thermal behavior of the milled powders was examined by differential thermal analysis (DTA). Disordered Al(Fe,Ni) solid solution was formed After 50 h of milling. Al(Fe,Ni) solid solution milled for 100h transformed into FeNi,FeNi3 and AlNi3 phase. The power annealed at temperature 500 results in forming of intermetallics AlFe0.23Ni0.77, Al1.1Ni0.9 , AlNi and two unknown phase after 5h milling. The nanocrystalline metallic compound was obtained after 100h milling.

Microstructural Evolution of Cr-Ta Powder in the Process of Mechanical Alloying

2015 ◽  
Vol 1094 ◽  
pp. 300-304
Author(s):  
Jing Yao ◽  
Shi Qiang Lu ◽  
Xuan Xiao
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Ball Mill ◽  
Supersaturated Solid Solution ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Mass Ratio ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
High Energy Ball Mill ◽  
The Hours ◽  
Energy Ball

High energy ball mill tests under the condition of the ball material mass ratio 13:1 and the rotate speed 400 r/min have been employed to investigate the process of mechanical alloying (MA) of Ta and Cr powder mixed in the mole ratio of 1:2.The microstructure evolution process and phase composition were explained useing scanning electron microscope (SEM) and X-ray diffraction (XRD). The results show that, the milled 20h powder existed in Ta (Cr) supersaturated solid solution and amorphous after 40h. Although the hours were spent on ball milling reached to 50h, Laves phase TaCr2had not been made during the process.

scholarly journals Structure and Deformation Behavior of Ti-SiC Composites Made by Mechanical Alloying and Spark Plasma Sintering

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1276 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dariusz Garbiec ◽  
Volf Leshchynsky ◽  
Alberto Colella ◽  
Paolo Matteazzi ◽  
Piotr Siwak
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Indentation Size Effect ◽  
Sintering Temperature ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Indentation Size ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Energy Ball

Combining high energy ball milling and spark plasma sintering is one of the most promising technologies in materials science. The mechanical alloying process enables the production of nanostructured composite powders that can be successfully spark plasma sintered in a very short time, while preserving the nanostructure and enhancing the mechanical properties of the composite. Composites with MAX phases are among the most promising materials. In this study, Ti/SiC composite powder was produced by high energy ball milling and then consolidated by spark plasma sintering. During both processes, Ti3SiC2, TiC and Ti5Si3 phases were formed. Scanning electron microscopy, energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy and X-ray diffraction study showed that the phase composition of the spark plasma sintered composites consists mainly of Ti3SiC2 and a mixture of TiC and Ti5Si3 phases which have a different indentation size effect. The influence of the sintering temperature on the Ti-SiC composite structure and properties is defined. The effect of the Ti3SiC2 MAX phase grain growth was found at a sintering temperature of 1400–1450 °C. The indentation size effect at the nanoscale for Ti3SiC2, TiC+Ti5Si3 and SiC-Ti phases is analyzed on the basis of the strain gradient plasticity theory and the equation constants were defined.

Elaboration, Structure and Mössbauer Spectroscopy of Nanostructured Fe100−xSix Powders Elaborated by Mechanical Alloying

SPIN ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 07 (02) ◽  
pp. 1750002 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Hemmous ◽  
A. Guittoum
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Solid Solution ◽  
Mechanical Alloying ◽  
Hyperfine Magnetic Field ◽  
Lattice Parameter ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
The Mean ◽  
Xrd Studies

We have studied the effect of the silicon concentration on the structural and hyperfine properties of nanostructured Fe[Formula: see text]Six powders ([Formula: see text], 20, 25 and 30[Formula: see text]at.%) prepared by mechanical alloying. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) studies indicated that after 72[Formula: see text]h of milling, the solid solution bcc-[Formula: see text]-Fe(Si) is formed. The grain sizes, [Formula: see text]D[Formula: see text] (nm), decreases with increasing Si concentration and reaches a minimum value of 11[Formula: see text]nm. We have found that the lattice parameter decreases with increasing Si concentration. The changes in values are attributed to the substitutional dissolution of Si in Fe matrix. From the adjustment of Mössbauer spectra, we have shown that the mean hyperfine magnetic field, [Formula: see text]H[Formula: see text] (T), decreases with increasing Si concentration. The substitutional dependence of [Formula: see text]H[Formula: see text] (T) can be attributed to the effect of p electrons Si influencing electrons d of Fe.

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