Contrastive Experimental of the Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction and Oscillation Extraction of Lead from Soil Using EDTA

Optimum Extraction

Ultrasonic-assisted extraction of lead from red soil using EDTA was investigated, the experimental result was compared with that of oscillation extraction to evaluate the performance of ultrasonic-assisted extraction. The optimum extraction conditions were 0.006 mol/L of EDTA, 0.006 mol/L of EDTA and 90 min of ultrasonic-assisted extraction or 240 min of oscillation extraction. Under the optimum extraction conditions, the extraction rate of 76.33% and 74.30% was obtained for ultrasonic-assisted extraction and oscillation extraction, respectively. The ultrasonic-assisted extraction could shorter the extraction time with a improved extraction rate effectively.

Optimizing the ultrasonic-assisted extraction of antioxidants from Ulva lactuca algal biomass using factorial design

Biomass Conversion and Biorefinery ◽

10.1007/s13399-021-01516-8 ◽

2021 ◽

Author(s):

Sayed Rashad ◽

Ghadir El-Chaghaby ◽

Eder C. Lima ◽

Glaydson Simoes dos reis

Keyword(s):

Factorial Design ◽

Algal Biomass ◽

Ulva Lactuca ◽

Extraction Technique ◽

Extraction Solvent ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Study Results ◽

Ultrasonic Assisted ◽

Optimum Extraction

AbstractUltrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) is increasingly emerging as a highly effective extraction technique. This extraction technique is affected by several experimental factors. The present work aimed to optimize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction of antioxidants from Ulva lactuca (sea lettuce), widespread macroalgae growing along the Mediterranean coast. In this respect, a full-factorial design (23) was employed to assess the effect of three different factors at two levels and their interactions on the extraction of antioxidants from sea lettuce algal biomass. The studied factors were extraction solvent, time of extraction, and temperature. The two levels chosen for extraction solvent were 100% ethanol and 50% ethanol, for the sonication time (1 h and 3 h) and temperature (25 °C and 40 °C). All experiments were done using an ultrasonic bath, and the biomass to solvent ratio was kept at 1:5. Total antioxidant capacity and quercetin concentration were set as the two responses for optimum output. The results showed that the temperature and solvent were the dominating factors that significantly affect the extraction process. The optimum extraction parameters were extraction time of 1 h, 50% ethanol, and temperature of 25 °C. Under these conditions, the maximum value for TAA was calculated as 2166.51 mg of ascorbic acid equivalent per gram (mg/g of AAE), and quercetin showed a maximum calculated value of 42.5 mg/g with combined desirability of 0.91 for the two responses. The present study results indicate that U. lactuca can be used as a source of antioxidants and phenolic compounds that can be applied in food and medicine at optimum extraction conditions. Graphical abstract

Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Polysaccharides from Ottelia acuminata (Gagnep.) Dandy Using RSM

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.396-398.292 ◽

2011 ◽

Vol 396-398 ◽

pp. 292-296

Author(s):

Ai Shi Zhu

Keyword(s):

Processing Parameters ◽

Extraction Time ◽

Extraction Temperature ◽

Independent Variables ◽

Solid Ratio ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Ultrasonic Technology ◽

Ultrasonic Assisted ◽

Experimental Yield ◽

Ultrasonic technology was applied to polysaccharides extraction from Ottelia acuminata (Gagnep.) Dandy and Response Surface Methodology (RSM) was used to optimize the effects of processing parameters on polysaccharides yields. Three independent variables such as liquid-solid ratio (ml/g, X1), extraction temperature (°C, X2) and extraction time (hour, X3) were investigated respectively. The statistical analysis indicated that the three variables and the quadratic of X1 and X3 had significant effects on the yields and followed by the significant interaction effects between the variables of X1 and X3, X2 and X3 (p<0.05). A mathematical model with high determination coefficient was gained. The optimal extraction conditions of polysaccharides were determined as follows: liquid-solid ratio 43 ml/g, extraction temperature 90 °C and extraction time 3.45 hours. Under these conditions, the experimental yield of polysaccharides was 107.44 mg/g, which was agreed closely with the predicted value 108.71 mg/g.

ULTRASONIC-ASSISTED EXTRACTION OF OIL FROM CALOPHYLLUM INOPHYLLUM SEEDS: OPTIMIZATION OF PROCESS PARAMETERS

Jurnal Teknologi ◽

10.11113/jt.v78.4946 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 78 (10) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Faiznur Mohd Fuad ◽

Mashitah Mat Don

Keyword(s):

Solvent Extraction ◽

Extraction Time ◽

Ultrasonic Power ◽

Extraction Temperature ◽

Calophyllum Inophyllum ◽

Power Extraction ◽

Optimization Of Process Parameters ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Ultrasonic Assisted ◽

Calophyllum inophyllum (C. inophyllum) is a plant known as “Penaga Laut” in Malaysia. Its seeds contain valuable oil that serve as a potential alternative sources for vegetable oil. In this study, C. inophyllum seeds oil was extracted using an ultrasonic-assisted extraction (UAE) technique. The optimization of extraction parameters namely different types of solvent, extraction time, ultrasonic power, extraction temperature and liquid to solid (L/S) ratio were performed using one-factor-at-a-time (OFAT) method. The optimum extraction conditions obtained were n-hexane as a solvent, extraction time 20 min, ultrasonic power 210 W, extraction temperature 40°C and L/S ratio 20 ml/g, with an oil yield 55.44 ± 0.53 %.

Antioxidant Activity of Extract from Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Durian Peels

Journal of Applied Food Technology ◽

10.17728/jaft.3309 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Bambang Kunarto ◽

Ely Yuniarti Sani

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Activity ◽

Total Phenolics ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Extraction Time ◽

Total Flavonoids ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Ultrasonic Assisted ◽

Total Flavonoids Content ◽

Phenolics Content ◽

The increase in durian production results in the accumulation of durian peel waste. The bioactive component of durian peel has the potential to be used as an antioxidant. Thus, there is a need to carry out an extraction process to obtain bioactive compounds from durian peel. However, conventional extraction methods cause damage to phenolic compounds due to oxidation, hydrolysis and ionization reactions during the extraction process. Therefore, durian peel extraction was carried out using ultrasonic assisted extraction method (UAE) in this study. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of varying ratios of durian peel to ethanol solvents and extraction time on the yield, total phenolics content, total flavonoids content and antioxidant activity. The results of the research data were analyzed using a two-factor completely randomized design, which included variations of the ratio of durian peel to ethanol solvents and extraction time The Duncan’s New Multiple Range Test (DNMRT) was carried out as a follow up test to determine the differences in each treatment at a significance level of 0.05. The results showed that the best treatment for peel extraction using ultrasonic assisted extraction was a 1: 9 ratio of durian peel to ethanol at an extraction time of 20 minutes. The extraction of durian peel under this condition gave the highest yield of 12.77 ± 0.16%, antioxidant activity (IC50) of 38.33 ± 0.12 ppm, total phenolic content of 63.30 ± 0.08 mgGAE / g and total flavonoids content of 47.53 ± 0.48 mgQE / g. In addition, total phenolics content and total flavonoid content showed a strong correlation to the antioxidant activity of durian peel extract.

Optimization of Extraction Conditions of Bioactive Compounds by Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction from Artichoke Wastes

Acta Chimica Slovenica ◽

10.17344/acsi.2021.6679 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 68 (3) ◽

pp. 658-666

Author(s):

Izzet Turker ◽

Hilal Isleroglu

Keyword(s):

Antioxidant Capacity ◽

Bioactive Compounds ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Extraction Yield ◽

Extraction Time ◽

Total Phenolic ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Ultrasonic Assisted ◽

Extraction Processes ◽

In this study, bioactive compounds were extracted by ultrasonic-assisted extraction and classical extraction processes using distilled water as solvent from artichoke leaves which are considered as agricultural wastes. Antioxidant capacity, total phenolic and total flavonoid content values of the obtained bioactive extracts were determined, and extraction yields and times were evaluated to compare the extraction processes. Also, the optimum extraction conditions of ultrasonic-assisted extraction (extraction time and ultrasonic power) which provide the highest extraction yield were determined using D-optimal design by ‘desirability’ function approach. According to the results, bioactive extracts having high antioxidant capacity were obtained at shorter times and higher extraction yields were achieved by ultrasonic-assisted extraction process than classical extraction. The highest extraction yield was estimated as 98.46% with an application of 20.05 minutes of extraction time and 65.02% of ultrasonic amplitude for the ultrasonic-assisted extraction process.

Response surface optimization of ultrasonic assisted extraction of flavonoids from Brucea javanica

MATEC Web of Conferences ◽

10.1051/matecconf/201823804005 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 238 ◽

pp. 04005

Author(s):

Aiping Fei ◽

Junyu Jiang ◽

Yong Wang ◽

Zhigang Fang ◽

Yingxue Teng ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Response Surface ◽

Extraction Process ◽

Process Conditions ◽

Brucea Javanica ◽

Response Surface Optimization ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Ultrasonic Assisted ◽

Surface Optimization ◽

Optimum Extraction

This text was mainly studied the response surface optimization of ultrasonic assisted extraction of flavonoids from Brucea javanica. The optimum extraction process conditions were obtained by color reaction to prove the presence of flavonoids and by response surface simulation and quantification, the optimum condition was: ethanol concentration was 90%, the ratio of liquid to solid was 10:1, and the extraction time was 2h, the total extraction rate was the largest, up to about 1.43%.

Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Flavonoids from Moringa oleifera Leaves Using Response Surface Methodology

Asian Journal of Research in Chemistry ◽

10.52711/0974-4150.2021.00062 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 363-367

Author(s):

Abdelhakim Benarima ◽

Mohamed Nasreddine Raache ◽

Moulay Rachid Kouadri ◽

Yassine Belaiche ◽

Salah Eddine Laouini

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Moringa Oleifera ◽

Extraction Time ◽

Extraction Temperature ◽

Solid Ratio ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Ultrasonic Assisted ◽

Moringa Oleifera Leaves ◽

Moringa oleifera is considered one of the most useful plants in the world because it's rich in bioactive substances, which employing on modern medical treatment, also can be used for many fields: pharmaceutical, food and cosmetics purposes. In this study, the response surface methodology (RSM) based on a Box–Behnken design (BBD) was employed to optimize the extraction time (X1: 20–60 min), extraction temperature (X2: 15–45 °C) and solvent-solid ratio (X3: 5–7 ml/g), to obtain a high crude of flavonoids yield from Moringa oleifera Leaves by ultrasonic-assisted extraction technique (UAE). The optimum conditions were an extraction time 23 (min), extraction temperature 44 (°C) and solvent-solid ratio 5.05 (ml/g). Under these conditions, the experimental yield was 72.65 (mg ER/g), well matched with the predicted yield 74.34 (mg ER/g) with the coefficients of determination (R2= 0.9861), thus indicating the suitability of response surface methodology in optimizing the ultrasound-assisted extraction of flavonoids from Moringa oleifera Leaves.

Optimization for the Process of Chlorophyll a Extraction by Orthogonal Method

Advanced Materials Research ◽

10.4028/www.scientific.net/amr.1051.423 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 1051 ◽

pp. 423-427

Author(s):

Jun Sen Wu ◽

Chen Chen Liu ◽

Bing Li ◽

Xiu Zhi Wan

Keyword(s):

Chlorophyll A ◽

Orthogonal Experiment ◽

Ultrasonic Power ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Ultrasonic Time ◽

Ultrasonic Assisted ◽

Extraction Agent ◽

Optimum Extraction ◽

Single Factor Experiment

The 90% acetone as extraction agent used in order to obtain the ultrasonic assisted extraction conditions of chlorophyll a. The ultrasonic power, ultrasonic time, centrifugation time and rotational speed as the four study factors and the chlorophyll a concentration as the target, here, the L9(34) orthogonal table of orthogonal experiment design are used in order to determine the optimum extraction contractions, basing on the single factor experiment. The experimental results shows the algae containing water can get better extraction effect, after ultrasonic 30 minutes in 225W and 6000r/min speed centrifugal 9 minutes and then mixing, repeat ultrasound centrifugation steps.

Valorisation of Sea Buckthorn Pomace by Optimization of Ultrasonic-Assisted Extraction of Soluble Dietary Fibre Using Response Surface Methodology

Foods ◽

10.3390/foods10061330 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 10 (6) ◽

pp. 1330

Author(s):

Shehzad Hussain ◽

Minaxi Sharma ◽

Rajeev Bhat

Keyword(s):

Response Surface Methodology ◽

Response Surface ◽

Dietary Fibre ◽

Sea Buckthorn ◽

Extraction Time ◽

Hydration Properties ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Soluble Dietary Fibre ◽

Ultrasonic Assisted ◽

Sea buckthorn pomace is a valuable industrial waste/by-product obtained after juice production that contains bioactive, health-promoting dietary fibres. This pomace finds usage as animal feed or simply discarded, owed to the lack of appropriate handling or processing facilities. The present study was aimed to evaluate the effects of green extraction technologies such as ultrasonic-assisted extraction on the yield of soluble dietary fibre (SDF) from sea buckthorn pomace. Response surface methodology (RSM) coupled with Box–Behnken design (BBD) was applied for optimization of SDF yield. The effects of sonication temperature (60–80 °C), sonication power (100–130 W) and extraction time (30–60 min) on the yield of SDF were also investigated. Furthermore, colour measurement and hydration properties of sea buckthorn pomace powder (STP) and dietary fibre fractions (SDF and insoluble dietary fibre, IDF) were also investigated. From the RSM results, the optimal sonication temperature (67.83 °C), sonication power (105.52 W) and extraction time (51.18 min) were identified. Based on this, the modified optimum conditions were standardised (sonication temperature of 70 °C, sonication power of 105 W and extraction time of 50 min.). Accordingly, the yield of SDF obtained was 16.08 ± 0.18%, which was close to the predicted value (15.66%). Sonication temperature showed significant effects at p ≤ 0.01, while sonication power and extraction time showed significant effects at p ≤ 0.05 on the yield of SDF. The result on colour attributes of STP, SDF and IDF differed (L* (STP: 54.71 ± 0.72, IDF: 72.64 ± 0.21 and SDF: 54.53 ± 0.31), a* (STP: 52.35 ± 1.04, IDF: 32.85 ± 0.79 and SDF: 43.54 ± 0.03), b* (STP: 79.28 ± 0.62, IDF: 82.47 ± 0.19 and SDF: 71.33 ± 0.50), and ∆E* (STP: 79.93 ± 0.50, IDF: 74.18 ± 0.30 and SDF: 68.40 ± 0.39)). Higher values of hydration properties such as the water holding, swelling and oil holding capacities were found in SDF (7.25 ± 0.10 g g−1, 7.24 ± 0.05 mL g−1 and 1.49 ± 0.02 g g−1), followed by IDF (6.30 ± 0.02, 5.75 ± 0.07 and 1.25 ± 0.03) and STP (4.17 ± 0.04, 3.48 ± 0.06 and 0.89 ± 0.03), respectively. Based on our results, response surface methodology is recommended to be adopted to optimize the ultrasonic-assisted extraction to obtain maximum yield of SDF from sea buckthorn pomace. These results can be of practical usage while designing future functional food formulations using sea buckthorn pomace.

Ultrasonic Assisted Extraction and Gas Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectroscopy (GC-MS/MS) Analysis of Extracts from Four Cassia Species

Journal of Science and Mathematics Letters ◽

10.37134/jsml.vol8.2.1.2020 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 8 (2) ◽

pp. 1-7

Author(s):

Saidu Jibril ◽

Hasnah Mohd Sirat ◽

Maikudi Musa Idris ◽

Aminu Mohammad ◽

Kamal Ja’afar Muhammad

Keyword(s):

High Sensitivity ◽

Extraction Time ◽

Extraction Temperature ◽

Assisted Extraction ◽

Ultrasonic Assisted ◽

Tandem Mass Spectroscopy ◽

Ethnomedicinal Uses ◽

Sample Ratio ◽

Rate Of Extraction

Ultrasonic assisted extraction (UAE) process increases the rate of extraction, the yield of extracted components and reduces extraction time. The high sensitivity of GC-MS/MS provides reliable identification of phytoconstituents present in a plant extract. This research is to develop an easy and effective method for the extraction and analysis of phytochemicals in C. singueana, C. sieberiana, C. tora and C. occidentalis using UAE and GC-MS/MS techniques. The crude extracts obtained from the four Cassia species under UAE conditions of 50 mins extraction time, 50 oC extraction temperature and 20 mL/g solvent to sample ratio were analyzed using GC-MS/MS. Thirty-four compounds were identified by comparison of their mass spectra with those in the National Institute of Standards and Technology library, requiring at least 80% similarity. These compounds comprise fatty acids, fatty alcohol, carboxylic acid, long-chain alkanes, diterpenes, triterpenes, sterols and anthraquinones. n-Hexadecanoic acid and phytol were identified in all the Cassia species while anthraquinone was detected only from the methanol extracts of C. tora and C. occidentalis. The bioactivities reported in the literature for these compounds corroborate with the phytoconstituents identified in these plants and support the ethnomedicinal uses of these Cassia species.