Structure and Properties of Cotton Grafted Using Trifluoroethyl Methacrylate via ATRP Method

2013 ◽  
Vol 796 ◽  
pp. 364-369
Author(s):  
Shi Wei Li ◽  
Tie Ling Xing ◽  
Zhan Xiong Li ◽  
Guo Qiang Chen
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Water Repellency ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Surface Contact Angle ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Water Repellence ◽  
Better Than

In this work, cotton was grafted with trifluoroethyl methacrylate (TFEMA) via atom transfer radical polymerization (ATRP) in water aqueous. The appearance of the cotton fabric was characterized with SEM, and SEM of the grafted cotton displayed significant difference from the ungrafted cotton. FT-IR indicated that TFEMA was successfully grafted onto surface of cotton fibers. Surface contact angle test and water repellency rating test showed that the water repellence of the modified cotton fabric were better than the ungrafted cotton fabric. Compared with the ungrafted cotton fabric, the whiteness, air permeability, breaking strength and elongation at break of the grafted cotton fabric decreased slightly. Grafted treatment led to efficient implantation of fluorine atoms on the surface of cotton fabric, this resulted in water repellence without altering the bulk properties of the cotton fabric.

Durability and Aesthetic Properties of Kenaf/Cotton Blend Fabrics

1997 ◽  
Vol 67 (11) ◽  
pp. 803-808 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gita N. Ramaswamy ◽  
Elizabeth P. Easter
Keyword(s):  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Value Added ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
End Use ◽  
Kenaf Fibers ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Thread Count ◽  
Made In

To evaluate the serviceability of a new textile product made of an unconventional fiber blend, it is important to determine if the fabric meets the specific standards required for the intended end-use. The value-added textile products of interest are fabrics made of 50/50 kenaf/cotton in the filling direction and 100% cotton in the warp direction, made in sateen, plain, twill, and oxford weaves. The control fabrics are of 100% cotton in only the plain and sateen weaves. The fabrics are characterized and compared based on ten of the most common fabric properties that affect their performance in everyday use: thread count, thickness, weight, breaking strength and elongation, dimensional stability, wrinkle recovery, abrasion resistance, tear strength, staining and stain release, and pilling resistance. Breaking strength of the experimental fabrics compares well with the control fabrics. Elongation at break is greater in the warp direction (19–35%) than in the filling direction (11–15%), but this difference is not significant. Wrinkle recovery for both fabrics is the same and improves over time. Shrinkage is identical in both fabrics. There is no significant difference in the stiffness of the two fabrics, possibly due to the carding step where kenaf fibers are carded to resemble cotton fibers. Abrasion and pilling resistance are good to excellent. Tear resistance is lower for the experimental fabrics compared with the controls, but it does pass the requirements for both upholstery and apparel fabrics. Kenaf/cotton blends perform the same or better than 100% cotton in their ability to release water-based stains, but the oil stain rates between 3 and 4, indicating a residual stain. Stain resistance can be improved by applying a soil-resistant finish. This study demonstrates that kenaf/cotton blend fabrics meet or exceed the performance requirements for both apparel ( i.e., outer wear items such as barn jackets, hunting vests, overalls, and caps) and upholstery fabrics. Additional advantages of the blend fabrics may be luster, interesting texture, and lightness.

Durable Antibacterial Finish on Cotton Fabrics with PAMAM/Ag+

2011 ◽  
Vol 332-334 ◽  
pp. 77-80 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chuan Jie Zhang ◽  
Hong Yang ◽  
Yun Liu ◽  
Ping Zhu
Keyword(s):  
Cotton Fabric ◽  
Antibacterial Agent ◽  
Antibacterial Property ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Antibacterial Properties ◽  
Pamam Dendrimers ◽  
Cotton Fabrics ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Strength Retention ◽  
Better Than

Cotton fabric with excellent antibacterial properties was obtained by treated with polyamide-amine (PAMAM) dendrimers as a carrier and silver nitrate as an antibacterial agent. The antibacterial cotton fabrics were prepared by the methods of one-bath process and two-bath process. Antibacterial activity of cotton fabrics treated by two different methods was good, but the antibacterial durability of cotton fabric treated with two-bath process was better than that treated with one-bath process. After 50 washing cycles, cotton fabric treated with two-bath process still had good antibacterial property and its inhibitory rate to Gram-positive S. aureus and Gram-negative E. coli was over 99 %. It was found that the breaking strength retention of finished cotton fabrics was 85.83 % and the decrease of cotton fabrics’ whiteness index was about 15 %.

Effect of Preparation Ways on Structure and Properties of Steraric Acid/Na+-Montmorillonite Phase-Change Composite Materials

2012 ◽  
Vol 501 ◽  
pp. 589-592
Author(s):  
Hui Xia Feng ◽  
Han Zheng ◽  
Yi Wang
Keyword(s):  
Phase Change ◽  
The Other ◽  
Fusion Process ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Release Experiment ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Change Material ◽  
Scanning Electron ◽  
Better Than

Two different methods, heat fusion process and solution infusion process had been used to synthesize a kind of phase change material (PCM) for latent heat thermal energy storage (LHTES). The composite was composed by steraric acid (SA) and montmorillonite (MMT). The morphology of the SA/MMT was characterized by scanning electron microscope (SEM) and FT-IR. The thermal performance and stability of the composite was characterized by differential thermal scanners (DSC) and heating store/release experiment. The FT-IR results demonstrated the PCMs and MMT combined by only physical bonds, SEM results showed that SA was intercalated in to MMT, and heat fusion process was contribute to the combination better than the other. The heating store/release experiment indicated that the stability of M-SA/MMT is better than S-SA/MMT.

Effect of Gamma Irradiation Crosslinking on PA6 Fibers

2012 ◽  
Vol 476-478 ◽  
pp. 2280-2283
Author(s):  
Shi Feng Zhu ◽  
Mei Wu Shi ◽  
Guo Liang Dai
Keyword(s):  
Gamma Irradiation ◽  
Melting Temperature ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Absorbed Dose ◽  
Onset Temperature ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Irradiation Dosage

Gamma irradiation crosslinking of nylon6 fibers with and without the presence of triallyl cyanurate(TAC) was studied, XRD、DSC、IR and TG were used to analyze the effects of irradiation crosslinking on structure and properties of PA6 fibers. The melt-drip performance of PA6 fibers was improved after irradiation crosslinking. The breaking strength increased first then decreased as a function of absorbed dose, while elongation at break decreased. The melting temperature and crystallinity decreased with increasing the dose. Besides, the onset temperature of degradation fell slightly and the amount of non-volatile residue at 600oC increased as the irradiation dosage increased.

Effect of Glycerol on Structure and Properties of Silk Fibroin/Pearl Powder Blend Films

2013 ◽  
Vol 796 ◽  
pp. 126-131 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rui Juan Xie ◽  
Meng Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Dissolution Rate ◽  
Silk Fibroin ◽  
Testing Machine ◽  
Amorphous Structure ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Blend Films ◽  
Universal Testing ◽  
Significant Difference

In the present study, glycerol was used as plasticizer to prepare silk fibroin (SF)/pearl powder (PP) blend films. The effects of amount of glycerol on structure and properties of the films were investigated. The surface morphology was observed with scanning electron microscopy. The structure of films was investigated by X-ray diffraction and thermal analysis. The mechanical properties of the films were measured on a universal testing machine, and the dissolution rate of SF was examined by ultraviolet spectroscopy. The results showed that surface of pure SF films was smooth, but the surface of films containingPP was uneven, particles of PP dispersed in the films. The structure of the film without glycerol was mainly amorphous structure. The structure of the SF in the film was mainly silk I and silk II when the proportion of glycerol added was in the range of 10%- 20%, while the main structure of the SF in the films was silk I when the proportion of glycerol was more than 20%. The dissolution rate of SF in films without glycerol is rather great, while the dissolution rate had a significant decrease by adding glycerol. There was no significant difference in dissolution rates of SF which were all below 1.3% when the proportion of glycerol is 10-40%. The films without glycerol had very small elongation at break. The elongation at break of SF films increased with the increased amount of glycerol. Compared to films without glycerol, there was a significant difference when the proportion of glycerol was greater than 10%. The tensile strength of the films dropped significantly with the increase of glycerol, but there was no significant difference when the proportion of glycerol was greater than 30%. Therefore, the advisable addition percentage of glycerol is 20%.

Study on the Surface Modification of Potassium Titanate Whisker

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 2119-2126
Author(s):  
Shan Yun ◽  
Qian Qian Song ◽  
Dan Dan Gao ◽  
Gui Min Qian ◽  
Dong Mei Zhao
Keyword(s):  
Surface Modification ◽  
Contact Angle Measurement ◽  
Angle Measurement ◽  
Al2o3 Nanoparticles ◽  
Potassium Titanate ◽  
Surface Contact Angle ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Liquid Deposition ◽  
Better Than ◽  
Effect Of Surface

The surface of potassium titanate whisker (PTW) was coated with Al2O3 derived from NaAlO2 solution via a liquid deposition method, and coupling agent KH570 was used to treat the surface of Al2O3 coated PTW. Scanning electron microscope (SEM), X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy and surface contact angle measurement were used to characterize the effect of surface modification. The results showed that the surface of PTW was uniformly coated by Al2O3 nanoparticles. After modified by KH570, the modified Al2O3/PTW showed better dispersion in ethanol solvent and the surface of modified Al2O3/PTW became more hydrophobic-lipophilic than that of modified uncoated PTW. It is indicated that the modified Al2O3/PTW could be dispersed much better than the modified uncoated PTW in organic phase.

scholarly journals Synthesis of Highly Selective and Stable Co-Cr/SAPO-34 Catalyst for the Catalytic Dehydration of Ethanol to Ethylene

Catalysts ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (7) ◽  
pp. 785
Author(s):  
Peirong Niu ◽  
Xiao Ren ◽  
Deyuan Xiong ◽  
Shilei Ding ◽  
Yuanlin Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Metal Oxides ◽  
Supported Catalyst ◽  
Space Velocity ◽  
Catalytic Performance ◽  
Metal Catalyst ◽  
Impregnation Method ◽  
Structure And Properties ◽  
Weight Hourly Space Velocity ◽  
Ft Ir ◽  
Better Than

In this study, silicoaluminophosphate (SAPO)-34 and Me (Me = Cr, Co)-modified SAPO-34 were synthesized and used as catalysts to investigate the catalytic performance by means of a probe reaction from ethanol to ethylene. The metal oxides were loaded on the SAPO-34 support via an impregnation method. The synthesized catalysts were characterized using XRD, SEM, EDX, FT-IR, NH3-TPD, BET, and TGA techniques. Compared to SAPO-34, SAPO-34 doped with metal oxides showed the same chabazite (CHA) topology. The structure and properties of the catalyst were further optimized by varying the amount of Me. The experimental results showed that Co-Cr/SAPO-34 exhibited the best catalytic performance when the reaction temperature reached 400 °C at a weight hourly space velocity (WHSV) of 3.5 h−1, for which the single-pass conversion of ethanol was determined as 99.15%, and the selectivity of ethylene was 99.4% at an optimum catalytic performance in the reaction of up to 600 min. In addition, Co-Cr/SAPO-34 exhibited better catalytic activity and anti-coking ability than pure SAPO-34, which was attributed to its enhanced pore structure and moderate acidity. It can also be concluded from the results of this experiment that the performance of the Co-Cr bimetal-supported catalyst is better than that of the Cr mono-metal catalyst.

Study of PVC Plasticized by Octodecyl Acyl Tributyl Citrate

2011 ◽  
Vol 233-235 ◽  
pp. 2778-2784
Author(s):  
Jin Feng Cui ◽  
Jun Hong Guo ◽  
Yong Qiang Ma ◽  
Yan Hua Li ◽  
Cai Xia Qing ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glass Transition ◽  
Transition Temperature ◽  
Glass Transition Temperature ◽  
Low Temperature ◽  
Thermal Behavior ◽  
Breaking Strength ◽  
Elongation At Break ◽  
Temperature Impact ◽  
Two Phases ◽  
Better Than

The PVC composite was prepared by extrusion melt using a new plasticizer octodecyl acyl tributyl citrate and PVC resin. Influence on mechanical and resistance to cold properties of PVC was studied by tensile and low temperature impact tests. The thermal behavior, texture and mechanism of plasticizing of OTBC plastifying PVC were supported by TG, DSC and SEM. The result indicated that the glass transition temperature of plastifying material was about 36°C, breaking strength was 25.3MPa, elongation at break was 250% and, plasicizing efficiency was 0.88, resistance to cold property better than plastifying material of DOP’s, domains between two phases of micro-texture were small and distributed homogeneously when OTBC content in PVC resin was 30%.

Transplantation of coral fragment, Acropora formosa (Scleractinia)

2014 ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Hanny Tioho ◽  
Maykel A.J Karauwan
Keyword(s):  
Fragment Size ◽  
Observation Time ◽  
Minimum Size ◽  
Average Growth Rate ◽  
Average Growth ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Acropora Formosa ◽  
Survival And Growth ◽  
One Way Anova ◽  
Better Than

The minimum size of coral transplants, Acropora formosa, was assessed to support their survival and growth. For this, 150 coral fragments of different sizes (5, 10, 15 cm) were transplanted close to the donor colony. Their survivorship and growth were observed for 12 months. At the end of the observation time, 90% of 15 cm-transplanted coral fragments survived, while the others (10cm and 5 cm) did 86% and 82% respectively. The average growth rate of 5 cm-coral fragments was 0.860 cm/month, while 10 and 15 cm-fragments were 0.984 cm/month and 1.108 cm/month respectively. One-way ANOVA showed that there was significant difference (p<0.05) among the three (5, 10, 15 cm) transplant initial sizes in which the longest fragment size tended to survive longer than the smaller one.  However, the smaller transplants grew better than the bigger one, 10.318 cm/year (206%) for 5 cm-transplant, 11.803 cm/year (118%) for 10 cm-transplant, and 13.299 cm/year (89%) for 15 cm-transplant, respectively. Ukuran minimal fragmen karang Acropora formosa yang ditransplantasi diduga untuk mendukung ketahanan hidup dan pertumbuhannya. Untuk itu, 150 fragmen karang ditransplantasi ke lokasi yang berdekatan dengan koloni induknya.  Ketahanan hidup dan pertumbuhan semua fragmen karang yang ditransplantasi diamati selama 12 bulan.  Pada akhir pengamatan, 90% dari fragmen karang berukuran 15 cm yang ditransplantasi dapat bertahan hidup, sedangkan yang lainnya (ukuran 10 cm dan 5 cm) masing-masing sebesar 86% dan 82%.  Rata-rata laju pertumbuhan fragmen karang dengan ukuran awal 5 cm adalah 0,860 cm/bulan, sedangkan ukuran fragmen 10 dan 15 cm masing-masing adalah 0,984 cm/bulan and 1,108 cm/bulan. ANOVA satu arah menunjukkan adanya perbedaan yang nyata (p<0.05) antara ketiga ukuran fragmen yang berbeda, di mana ukuran fragmen karang yang lebih panjang cenderung mempunyai ketahanan hidup yang lebih baik. Namun demikian, ukuran transplant yang lebih kecil memiliki pertumbuhan lebih baik dibandingkan dengan ukuran yang lebih besar, yakni10,318 cm/tahun (206%) untuk transplant berukuran 5 cm, 11,803 cm/tahun (118%) untuk 10 cm, dan 13,299 cm/tahun (89%) untuk ukuran 15 cm.

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