Effect of Variation of Temperature on the Transesterification of Jatropha Seed Oil Using Homogeneous Catalyst

2013 ◽  
Vol 824 ◽  
pp. 473-476
Author(s):  
E.T. Akhihiero ◽  
T.O.K. Audu ◽  
E.O. Aluyor
Keyword(s):  
Chromatographic Analysis ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Batch Reactor ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Homogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Different Temperatures ◽  
Percentage Conversion ◽  
Conversion Temperature

Transesterification is a chemical reaction which produces biodiesel from vegetable oils or animal fats.Transesterification of Jatropha seed oil and methanol with sodium hydroxide as a catalyst was carried out in an improvised batch reactor at different temperatures ranging from 32 65 degrees Celsius for 120minutes each. Molar ratio of methanol to oil used is 8:1.Aliquots of the reaction mixture were withdrawn at every 15 minutes interval of time from the time reaction starts for Gas Chromatographic analysis to determine percentage fatty acid methyl ester formed. The optimum percentage conversion, temperature and reaction time were found to be 99.9%, 65°C and 75minutes respectively. The fuel properties measured according to standard methods, were found to conform to International standard.

Mango (Magnifera indica) seed oil grown in Dilla town as potential raw material for biodiesel production using NaOH- a homogeneous catalyst

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chem Int
Keyword(s):  
Diesel Engine ◽  
Physicochemical Properties ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Pollution Prevention ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Homogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Minimal Amount

Biodiesel produced by transesterification process from vegetable oils or animal fats is viewed as a promising renewable energy source. Now a day’s diminishing of petroleum reserves in the ground and increasing environmental pollution prevention and regulations have made searching for renewable oxygenated energy sources from biomasses. Biodiesel is non-toxic, renewable, biodegradable, environmentally benign, energy efficient and diesel substituent fuel used in diesel engine which contributes minimal amount of global warming gases such as CO, CO2, SO2, NOX, unburned hydrocarbons, and particulate matters. The chemical composition of the biodiesel was examined by help of GC-MS and five fatty acid methyl esters such as methyl palmitate, methyl stearate, methyl oleate, methyl linoleate and methyl linoleneate were identified. The variables that affect the amount of biodiesel such as methanol/oil molar ratio, mass weight of catalyst and temperature were studied. In addition to this the physicochemical properties of the biodiesel such as (density, kinematic viscosity, iodine value high heating value, flash point, acidic value, saponification value, carbon residue, peroxide value and ester content) were determined and its corresponding values were 87 Kg/m3, 5.63 Mm2/s, 39.56 g I/100g oil, 42.22 MJ/Kg, 132oC, 0.12 mgKOH/g, 209.72 mgKOH/g, 0.04%wt, 12.63 meq/kg, and 92.67 wt% respectively. The results of the present study showed that all physicochemical properties lie within the ASTM and EN biodiesel standards. Therefore, mango seed oil methyl ester could be used as an alternative to diesel engine.

Identification of Methyl Ester Content from Waste Cooking Oil Using Gas Chromatographic Method

2014 ◽  
Vol 660 ◽  
pp. 297-300
Author(s):  
Nor Hazwani Abdullah ◽  
Sulaiman Hassan
Keyword(s):  
Gas Chromatography ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Ionization Detector ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Ester Content ◽  
Flame Ionization ◽  
Acid Methyl

Waste cooking oil has always been an environment problem in food factories and one method of effect disposing this oil without effecting the environment is to convert it to fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) using small scale pilot plant. The conversion of waste cooking oil with sodium hydroxide as a catalyst in conversional process at 22kHz speed. The reaction of time, molar ratio, speed, catalyst and amount of catalyst will be effect in FAME quality. The quality of biodiesel define is total ester content using gas chromatography. Gas chromatography analysis is a one of technique for identification and quantitation of compounds in a biodiesel sample. From biodiesel sample can identification of contaminants and fatty acid methyl ester. In this research biodiesel sample were analyses using a gas chromatography-flame ionization detector ( Perkin Elmer GC Model Clarus 500) equipped with a DB-5 HT capillary column ( 0.53mm x 5 m) J&W Scientific. The analytic conditions for ester content were as follow by: column temperature used 2100C, temperature flame ionization detector (FID) of 2500C, pressure of 80kPa, flow carrier gas of 1ml/min, temperature injector of 2500C, split flow rate of 50ml/min, time for analysis 20 minute and volume injected of 1 μl. The ester content (C), expresses as a mass fraction in present using formula (EN 14103, 2003a) calculation. Conversion of triglyceride (TG) to FAME using conversional process obtained 96.54 % w.t with methanol to oil molar ratio 6:1, 1%w.t acid sulphuric and 1% w.t sodium hydroxide catalyst.

Estimation of surface tension of fatty acid methyl ester and biodiesel at different temperatures

Fuel ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 126 ◽  
pp. 162-168 ◽  
Author(s):  
Suriya Phankosol ◽  
Kaokanya Sudaprasert ◽  
Supathra Lilitchan ◽  
Kornkanok Aryusuk ◽  
Kanit Krisnangkura
Keyword(s):  
Surface Tension ◽  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Different Temperatures

Total seed oil and fatty acid methyl ester contents of Cuphea accessions

2006 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 52-59 ◽  
Author(s):  
Winthrop B. Phippen ◽  
Terry A. Isbell ◽  
Mary E. Phippen
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Methyl Ester ◽  
Fatty Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Acid Methyl ◽  
Total Seed

Fatty acid methyl ester production from acid oil using silica sulfuric acid: Process optimization and reaction kinetics

2014 ◽  
Vol 68 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Krunal Shah ◽  
Jigisha Parikh ◽  
Bharat Dholakiya ◽  
Kalpana Maheria
Keyword(s):  
Fatty Acid ◽  
Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Solid Acid Catalyst ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Silica Sulfuric Acid ◽  
Acid Oil ◽  
Acid Methyl

AbstractConversion of high free fatty acids (FFA) containing acid oil (AO) to fatty acid methyl esters (FAME) using silica sulfuric acid (SSA) as a solid acid catalyst was investigated. Process parameters such as reaction temperature, reaction time, catalyst loading, and methanol to oil molar ratio were optimized using the Taguchi orthogonal array method. Maximum FFA conversion (97.16 %) was achieved under the optimal set of parameter values viz. 70°C, 4 mass % catalyst loading, and 1: 15 oil to methanol molar ratio after 90 min. SSA was reused three times successfully without a significant loss in activity. Biodiesel produced from AO met the international biodiesel standards. Determination of kinetic parameters proved that the experimental results fit the pseudo first order kinetic law.

scholarly journals Waste cooking oil processing for fatty acid methyl ester and mono glycerides production with magnetite catalyst

Food Research ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (S1) ◽  
pp. 220-226
Author(s):  
Widayat ◽  
Hadiyanto ◽  
D.A. Putra ◽  
Nursafitri I. ◽  
H. Satriadi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Chemical Precipitation ◽  
Waste Cooking Oil ◽  
Acid Number ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
National Standard ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Oil Processing ◽  
Cooking Oil ◽  
Acid Methyl

The objective of this research was to produce biodiesel using waste cooking oil and various magnetite catalysts with the esterification-transesterification process. Magnetite catalysts tested were α- Fe2O3, α- Fe2O3/Al2O3, α- Fe2O3/ZSM-5 catalysts. Catalysts were prepared through chemical precipitation and calcination. The esterificationtransesterification process was carried out with the conditions WCO: methanol molar ratio of 15:1, catalyst (1% wt of oil), heated at 65℃ for 3 hrs. The results showed biodiesel production using α- Fe2O3-ZSM-5 catalyst obtained higher %FAME (83.28%), yield (91.915%) and monoglyceride content (16.72%) compared to others due to larger pore volume. Biodiesel produced passed the requirement of Indonesian National Standard (SNI) based on density, acid number and viscosity.

scholarly journals THE EFFECT OF MIXING ON THE PRODUCTION OF BIODIESEL FROM NEEM SEED OIL USING METHANOL AND HOMOGENEOUS CATALYST

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (9) ◽  
pp. 451-457
Author(s):  
F. Sini ◽  
I. M Atadashi
Keyword(s):  
Seed Oil ◽  
Methyl Esters ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Biodiesel Fuel ◽  
Homogeneous Catalyst ◽  
Neem Seed ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Neem Seed Oil ◽  
American Society

Biodiesel was prepared through alkali-catalysed transesterification of neem seed oil using sodium hydroxide as catalyst and ethanol. This process of was carried out firstly throuch eserification and then via transesterification. The process was carried out by varying stirring speed (350, 450, 550, 650, 750 and 850 rpm.) and keeping other variables constant (temperature of 60oC, catalyst concentration of 1w/w%  and 6:1 oil to ethanol molar ratio). In this research work, a yield of 93w/w% was achieved at the stirring speed of 850 rpm. It was observed that the viscosity (3.73mm2/s at 400C) of neem oil methylester generated was within the limit (2-6mm2/s) specified by the American Society for Testing and Materials Standards. The density of neem biodiesel at ambient temperature (250C) was found to be 0.85g/ml, which is exactly close to the density of diesel (0.83g/ml). The Flash Point of the neem oil biodiesel produced was 153.60C which above the ASTM D6751 minimum standards for biodiesel fuel of 130oC. Furthermore, Neem oil biodiesel has a pour point of -40C and a cloud point of 20C. These values clearly indicate that the use of neem oil methyl esters in colder regions is limited. However, this value is also indicative of the high potential of this fuel as biodiesel particularly in Northern Nigeria where temperature is always above 20oC, a temperature at which the oil is fluid.

scholarly journals Optimization of Biodiesel Production Using Nanomagnetic CaO-Based Catalysts with Subcritical Methanol Transesterification of Rubber Seed Oil

Energies ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 230 ◽  
Author(s):  
Veronica Winoto ◽  
Nuttawan Yoswathana
Keyword(s):  
Reaction Time ◽  
Seed Oil ◽  
Acid Methyl Ester ◽  
Biodiesel Production ◽  
Molar Ratio ◽  
Catalyst Loading ◽  
Optimum Conditions ◽  
Rubber Seed Oil ◽  
Box Behnken Design ◽  
Rubber Seed

The molar ratio of methanol to rubber seed oil (RSO), catalyst loading, and the reaction time of RSO biodiesel production were optimized in this work. The response surface methodology, using the Box–Behnken design, was analyzed to determine the optimum fatty acid methyl ester (FAME) yield. The performance of various nanomagnetic CaO-based catalysts—KF/CaO-Fe3O4, KF/CaO-Fe3O4-Li (Li additives), and KF/CaO-Fe3O4-Al (Al additives)—were compared. Rubber seed biodiesel was produced via the transesterification process under subcritical methanol conditions with nanomagnetic catalysts. The experimental results indicated that the KF/CaO-Fe3O4-Al nanomagnetic catalyst produced the highest FAME yield of 86.79%. The optimum conditions were a 28:1 molar ratio of methanol to RSO, 1.5 wt % catalyst, and 49 min reaction time. Al additives of KF/CaO-Fe3O4 nanomagnetic catalyst enhanced FAME yield without Al up to 18.17% and shortened the reaction time by up to 11 min.

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