Microstructure and Texture Evolution Law of Ti-IF Steel for Extra Deep Drawing during Batch Annealing Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 873 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Zheng Bing Meng ◽  
Lang He ◽  
Guang Liang Wu ◽  
Xin Bin Liu ◽  
Chao Yang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
Recrystallization Temperature ◽  
Recrystallization Annealing ◽  
Recrystallization Process ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Batch Annealing

The variation of microstructure of Ti-IF steel of extra deep drawing grade, which having a 83%cold-rolled deformation under simulated batch annealing process at temperature ranging from 480°C to 750°C, was studied by using optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and metallographic micro-hardness tester. The evolution of texture during the recrystallization process was analyzed by Orientation Density Function (ODF). The results show that, the recrystallization temperature of experimental steel is 620-630°C, and the recrystallization process can be accomplished within 1h at660°C. Four major textures after cold rolling are observed as follows,{001}<110>, {111}<110>, {111}<112> and {112}<110>, respectively. At the early stage of recrystallization annealing, texture evolves from {111} toγ-{111}, which is quite beneficial to achieve high deep drawing performance,the texture {001}<110> and {112}<110> change marginally. as the annealing temperature rises up to 720°C, texture {001}<110> and {112}<110> change into fiber textureγ-{111}. After annealing,{111}<112> and {111}<110> textures become the two main types.

scholarly journals The Research on Recrystallization Behaviors and Mechanism of a Medium-Density Ni-Based Alloy

Metals ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 137
Author(s):  
Kai Feng ◽  
Xiaxu Huang ◽  
Rui Wang ◽  
Wenli Xue ◽  
Yilei Fu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Stage ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
Recrystallization Annealing ◽  
Recrystallization Process ◽  
Recrystallization Behavior ◽  
Size Change ◽  
Recrystallization Mechanism ◽  
Annealing Twins ◽  
Complete Recrystallization

Revealing the recrystallization behavior and mechanism of this new alloy is of great significance to subsequent research. In this study, the Ni-36.6W-15Co ternary medium heavy alloy was solution-treated at 1100–1200 °C for different lengths of time. The grain size change, microstructure and texture evolution as well as twin development during recrystallization annealing were analyzed using SEM, EBSD and TEM techniques. The study found that complete recrystallization occurs at 1150 °C/60 min. In addition, it takes a longer amount of time for complete recrystallization to occur at 1100 °C. The value of the activation energy Q1 of the studied alloys is 701 kJ/mol and the recrystallization process is relatively slow. By comparing the changes of microstructure and texture with superalloys, it is found that the recrystallization mechanism of the studied alloy is different from that of the superalloy. The development of annealing twins has a great influence on the recrystallization behavior and mechanism. The results show that the twin mechanism is considered as the dominant recrystallization mechanism of the studied alloy, although the formation and development of sub-grains appear in the early stage of recrystallization.

Recrystallization Law of Ti-IF Steel During Annealing Process

2011 ◽  
Vol 399-401 ◽  
pp. 2301-2304
Author(s):  
Yan Qing Feng ◽  
Zhi Guo Gao ◽  
Fu Ming Wang
Keyword(s):  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Secondary Recrystallization ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
Recrystallization Temperature ◽  
Continuous Annealing ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Effect Factor ◽  
Batch Annealing ◽  
Main Effect ◽  
Different Temperatures

Recrystallization law was investigated at different annealing processes. The results showed that the annealing temperature was a main effect factor on the properties of Ti-IF steel. Nominal recrystallization temperature of the samples was evaluated as 620 °C. Simulated batch annealing was performed by two-stage heating. Determined recrystallization temperature was 660 °C, the recrystallization of samples heated at 660 °C was completed in 68min. For 800 °C, the equiaxial recrystallized grains were obtained. Simulated continuous annealing by rapidly heating to different temperatures, samples were held for 100s and then cooled in air. Recrystallization nucleation was not observed until 660 °C. The occurrence of secondary recrystallization was observed at 900 °C.

Effect of Different Cooling Rates on Microstructure and Property of Continuous Annealing IF Steel

2016 ◽  
Vol 850 ◽  
pp. 631-635
Author(s):  
Ru Wen Zheng ◽  
Ren Bo Song ◽  
Wu Yan Fan ◽  
Wei Wang ◽  
Ke Guo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Cooling Rate ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
Recrystallization Temperature ◽  
Continuous Annealing ◽  
Second Phase ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Cooling Rates ◽  
Grain Sizes ◽  
Batch Annealing

The influence of different annealing cooling rates on microstructure,precipitation of the second phase and mechanical properties of IF steel was studied. The recrystallizing behavior of IF steels was analyzed by batch annealing process. After confirming the recrystallizing temperature of IF steel, the simulations of different continuous annealing cooling rates (5°C/s, 20°C/s, 50°C/s, 200°C/s 500°C/s and 1000°C/s ) were performed. At the same time, combined with TEM and XRD, the precipitating behavior and microstructure texture were analyzed. The results showed that the recrystallization temperature was speculated between 540°C and 560°C. As the cooling rate increased, the grain sizes became smaller and the yield strength increased significantly. And the tensile strength and elongation were more or less static. The tensile strength remained 240MPa and the elongation kept around 50%. With 1000°C/s cooling rate, the sample performed best with the r-value of 3.03. TiN precipitation was observed. The annealed texture is mostly composed of {111} texture.

Microstructure and Microtexture Evolution during Batch Annealing of Warm-Rolled Ti-IF Steel Sheets

2013 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Tao Han ◽  
Zuo Cheng Wang ◽  
Cai Nian Jing ◽  
Xiao Min Liu ◽  
Jie Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recrystallization Texture ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Fiber Texture ◽  
Nucleation Mechanism ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Batch Annealing ◽  
Texture Characteristics ◽  
Microstructure And Microtexture

Microstructure and microtexture evolution during batch annealing of warm-rolled Ti-IF steel sheets were investigated in this paper. It was founded that α fiber texture and the relatively weak γ fiber texture were formed in warm-rolled and air-cooled Ti-IF steel sheets. In the early stage of recrystallization, the {111} recrystallization texture was formed from the deformed {111} grains in warm-rolled Ti-IF steels. In the later stage of recrystallization, the α fiber texture was consumed and the γ fiber texture in recrystallized grains was further developed. The main recrystallization texture characteristics of warm-rolled Ti-IF steel sheets had been decided in the early stages of recrystallization, and the oriented nucleation mechanism played a leading role in the formation of recrystallization texture in warm-rolled Ti-IF steel sheets.

Microstructure and Texture Evolution in Cold Rolled Interstitial Free (IF) Steel Sheet during Annealing under AC Magnetic Field

2010 ◽  
Vol 638-642 ◽  
pp. 2781-2786
Author(s):  
Chang Shu He ◽  
Sadahiro Tsurekawa ◽  
Hiroyuki Kokawa ◽  
Xiang Zhao ◽  
Liang Zuo
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Steel Sheet ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Rolling Direction ◽  
Recrystallization Annealing ◽  
Interstitial Free ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Ac Magnetic Field ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
If Steel Sheet

An AC magnetic field (0.5Tesla) is applied with the field direction perpendicular to the rolling direction during annealing of a 76% cold-rolled IF steel sheet. Microstructure and texture evolution in the as-annealed specimens were determined using SEM based OIM technique. It is found that the recrystallization is noticeably retarded by AC magnetic field annealing. At the early stage of recrystallization (annealing at 650°C for 30min), the development of (111) <123> orientations was favored by the AC magnetic field. With progress of recrystallization (annealing at 700°C and 750°C for 30min), the applied AC magnetic field suppressed the development of γ-fiber recrystallization textures to some extent.

Low Temperature Recrystallization of High Purity Iron Severely Deformed by ARB Process

2007 ◽  
Vol 558-559 ◽  
pp. 357-362 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daisuke Terada ◽  
Bo Long Li ◽  
Masaaki Sugiyama ◽  
Nobuhiro Tsuji
Keyword(s):  
High Purity ◽  
Pure Iron ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Boundary Structure ◽  
Recrystallization Temperature ◽  
Recrystallization Process ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Purity Iron ◽  
High Purity Iron ◽  
Lamellar Boundary

Recrystallization behavior of SPD processed high purity iron was studied. The 99.95% iron sheet was deformed by the accumulative roll-bonding (ARB) process up to 8 cycles (equivalent strain of 6.4) at ambient temperature. Subsequently, the ARB-processed specimens were annealed for 1.8ks at various temperatures from 300°C to 500°C. The microstructures of these specimens were characterized by TEM and SEM/EBSP. The microstructure of the as-ARB-processed specimens showed the lamellar boundary structure elongated along RD, which was the typical microstructure of the ARB-processed materials. The mean interval of the lamellar boundaries was about 100 nm. After annealing at 400°C, the ARB specimen showed a partially recrystallized microstructure composed of equiaxed grains with grain size larger than 10 5m and the recovered lamellar boundary structure. After annealing above 500°C, the microstructures were filled with equiaxed recrystallized grains. These results suggest that conventional discontinuous recrystallization characterized by nucleation and growth occurs during annealing at annealing temperature above 400 °C. In previous work reported about the annealing behavior of the low carbon IF steel ARB processed, the continuous recrystallization occurred during annealing at annealing temperature above 600 °C. The recrystallization temperature of the pure iron was much lower than the IF steel and the recrystallization process were significantly different. This difference was suggested to be caused by inhomogeneous microstructure in the pure iron ARB-processed.

Texture evolution of 440 MPa grade Nb-bearing high strength IF steel during rolling and annealing process

2011 ◽  
Vol 26 (6) ◽  
pp. 1157-1161 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yinli Chen ◽  
Lan Su ◽  
Aimin Zhao ◽  
Yaobing Li ◽  
Benhai Li ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Texture Evolution ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
If Steel ◽  
High Strength If Steel

Microstructure and Texture Evolution during Recrystallization of Interstitial Free Steel

2010 ◽  
Vol 146-147 ◽  
pp. 743-748
Author(s):  
Wei Mao ◽  
Hao Yu ◽  
Wei Hua Sun
Keyword(s):  
Recrystallization Texture ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Interstitial Free ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Stored Energy ◽  
Transformation Texture ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Real Picture ◽  
Misorientation Angles

The evolution of microstructure and texture due to recrystallization was investigated in cold rolled interstitial free (IF) steel. Samples taken from the cold band of a 0.07%Ti bearing IF steel with total cold rolling reduction of 75% were investigated by using optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and electron back-scattered diffraction etc. The aim of this study was to obtain a real picture of the formation of the recrystallization texture of IF steel, which would contribute to proper texture control for improving deep drawability. The mechanism responsible for the evolution of texture is discussed experimentally from four aspects. First of all, the microstructure of partially annealed cold rolled specimen is obtained. The recrystallized grain form earlier in more darkly etched regions from the micrographs, which belong to the ND//<111> fiber components. In addition, the fractions of the {111}<110> and {111}<112> components increase slowly during the early stage of recrystallization, because the γ-fiber recrystallized texture is growing, while at the same time the γ-fiber deformed texture is being consumed. Moreover, The texture formation has been discussed taking into consideration of the stored energy and the misorientation between the orientation of the recrystallized grain and that of the surrounding deformed matrix. The work indicates that the recrystallized grains, which migrate into the deformed grains, are mainly with the high misorientation angles. The large percentage of the recrystallized grains, whose misorientation angles with deformed grains exceed 15°, are corresponding to the {111} transformation texture. Nucleation first starts at colonies that have the highest stored energy of deformation, which has the same orientation as the deformed grains. By analysis, the formation of recrystallization texture was well explained by oriented nucleation mechanism rather than by selective growth mechanism.

A Quantitative Study of Precipitation Evolution during Annealing Treatments of a Ti-IF Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 228-229 ◽  
pp. 1156-1162
Author(s):  
Guo Ming Zhu ◽  
Chao Lu ◽  
Yong Lin Kang ◽  
Lu Feng Gao
Keyword(s):  
Particle Size ◽  
Particle Size Distribution ◽  
Size Distribution ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
Continuous Annealing ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Batch Annealing ◽  
Tic Particle ◽  
Evolution Of Precipitates

The evolution of precipitates size distribution of Ti-IF steel during annealing process has been investigated by simulating different continuous annealing (CA) and batch annealing (BA) treatments. The size and distributions of the precipitates (TiC in particular) are obtained by TEM observation and measured image analysis. They are then fitted by log-normally distribution and a model demonstrating the relationships of particle size distribution with annealing process parameters has been developed and validated by experiment results. The fine TiC precipitates (< 30 nm) vary after different annealing treatments. The effects of annealing temperature and holding time on the evolution of TiC particle size distribution are discussed.

Precipitation Behavior of Warm-Rolled Ti-Stabilized Interstitial-Free (IF) Steel Sheets

2007 ◽  
Vol 353-358 ◽  
pp. 1653-1656 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Tao Han ◽  
Zuo Cheng Wang ◽  
Cai Nian Jing ◽  
Wen Ping Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Great Influence ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Recrystallization Annealing ◽  
Interstitial Free ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Precipitation Behavior ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Energy Dispersion Spectrometer ◽  
Transmission Electron

Precipitates have great influence on the recrystallization, texture evolution and thus the final mechanical properties of the Interstitial-Free (IF) steel sheets, however, very few studies have dealt with the precipitation behavior of IF steels warm rolled in ferrite region. In the present work, the precipitate characteristics (type, morphology, size and amount) of warm-rolled ordinary Ti-stabilized Interstitial-Free (Ti-IF) steel and p-added high-strength Ti-IF steel were investigated by Transmission Electron Microscope (TEM) and Energy Dispersion Spectrometer (EDS). The results show that most precipitates in warm-rolled ordinary Ti-IF steels are TiN, TiS, Ti4C2S2 and TiC. Besides these precipitates, a great amount of FeTiP precipitates exist in warm-rolled P-added high-strength Ti-IF steel. The precipitation of FeTiP retards the migration of grain boundary in the recrystallization annealing, so the {111} texture and thus deep drawability of warm-rolled high-strength Ti-IF steel is deteriorated.

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