Microstructure and Microtexture Evolution during Batch Annealing of Warm-Rolled Ti-IF Steel Sheets

2013 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 443-447 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Tao Han ◽  
Zuo Cheng Wang ◽  
Cai Nian Jing ◽  
Xiao Min Liu ◽  
Jie Su ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Recrystallization Texture ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Fiber Texture ◽  
Nucleation Mechanism ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Leading Role ◽  
Batch Annealing ◽  
Texture Characteristics ◽  
Microstructure And Microtexture

Microstructure and microtexture evolution during batch annealing of warm-rolled Ti-IF steel sheets were investigated in this paper. It was founded that α fiber texture and the relatively weak γ fiber texture were formed in warm-rolled and air-cooled Ti-IF steel sheets. In the early stage of recrystallization, the {111} recrystallization texture was formed from the deformed {111} grains in warm-rolled Ti-IF steels. In the later stage of recrystallization, the α fiber texture was consumed and the γ fiber texture in recrystallized grains was further developed. The main recrystallization texture characteristics of warm-rolled Ti-IF steel sheets had been decided in the early stages of recrystallization, and the oriented nucleation mechanism played a leading role in the formation of recrystallization texture in warm-rolled Ti-IF steel sheets.

EBSD Investigation on the Primary Recrystallization in Warm Rolled Ti-IF Steel

2012 ◽  
Vol 217-219 ◽  
pp. 501-504
Author(s):  
Yan Hui Guo ◽  
Zhao Dong Wang ◽  
Li Qun Wei
Keyword(s):  
Recrystallization Texture ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Warm Rolling ◽  
Primary Recrystallization ◽  
Nucleation Mechanism ◽  
Ebsd Analysis ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Deformation Bands ◽  
Nucleation Sites

The nucleus orientations and the nucleation sites at the early stage of recrystallization were studied by EBSD analysis in Ti-IF steel during direct annealing after warm rolling. It is concluded that the formation of the recrystallization texture is dominated by oriented nucleation mechanism. The recrystallized nuclei with γ-orientation emerge preferentially at the beginning of recrystallization and prefer to form inside the γ-oriented deformation bands and on the boundaries between γ and α-oriented bands.

Effect of Initial Texture on the Deformed Microstructure of IF Steel

2007 ◽  
Vol 558-559 ◽  
pp. 1395-1400
Author(s):  
Jun Yun Kang ◽  
Brigitte Bacroix ◽  
Kyu Hwan Oh ◽  
Hu Chul Lee
Keyword(s):  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Rolling Texture ◽  
Small Strain ◽  
Deformation Texture ◽  
Fiber Texture ◽  
Orientation Dependence ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Misorientation Distribution ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Initial Texture

The development of deformation texture and microstructure was examined for four different initial textures. IF steel sheets with a majority of α-, ε-, and γ-fiber and near random texture were prepared and cold rolled. The specimens exhibited characteristic behaviors in rolling texture evolution and deformation-induced misorientation development, according to their initial textures, especially at small strain levels. Due to the orientation dependence of intra-granular misorientation accumulation, the different texture evolutions affected the induced misorientation distribution. A larger fraction of γ-fiber orientations was related to more prominent misorientation development, while the initial texture stability simultaneously affected the misorientation development. The unstable, initial ε-fiber texture showed a stronger tendency of misorientation accumulation than the stable α-fiber during the subsequent cold rolling.

Microstructure and Texture Evolution Law of Ti-IF Steel for Extra Deep Drawing during Batch Annealing Process

2013 ◽  
Vol 873 ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Zheng Bing Meng ◽  
Lang He ◽  
Guang Liang Wu ◽  
Xin Bin Liu ◽  
Chao Yang Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Deep Drawing ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Annealing Process ◽  
Recrystallization Temperature ◽  
Recrystallization Annealing ◽  
Recrystallization Process ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Hardness Tester ◽  
Batch Annealing

The variation of microstructure of Ti-IF steel of extra deep drawing grade, which having a 83%cold-rolled deformation under simulated batch annealing process at temperature ranging from 480°C to 750°C, was studied by using optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD) and metallographic micro-hardness tester. The evolution of texture during the recrystallization process was analyzed by Orientation Density Function (ODF). The results show that, the recrystallization temperature of experimental steel is 620-630°C, and the recrystallization process can be accomplished within 1h at660°C. Four major textures after cold rolling are observed as follows,{001}<110>, {111}<110>, {111}<112> and {112}<110>, respectively. At the early stage of recrystallization annealing, texture evolves from {111} toγ-{111}, which is quite beneficial to achieve high deep drawing performance,the texture {001}<110> and {112}<110> change marginally. as the annealing temperature rises up to 720°C, texture {001}<110> and {112}<110> change into fiber textureγ-{111}. After annealing,{111}<112> and {111}<110> textures become the two main types.

The In Situ Study on the Micro-Structural Characters of IF Steel at Early Stage of Recrystallization Using High-Energy X-Ray

2008 ◽  
Vol 575-578 ◽  
pp. 972-977
Author(s):  
He Tong ◽  
Yan Dong Liu ◽  
Q.W. Jiang ◽  
Y. Ren ◽  
G. Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
High Energy ◽  
Fiber Texture ◽  
Interstitial Free ◽  
If Steel ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Cold Rolled

High-energy synchrotron diffraction offers great potential for experimental study of recrystallization kinetics. A fine experimental design to study the recrystallization mechanism of Interstitial Free (IF) steel was implemented in this work. In-situ annealing process of cold-rolled IF steel with 80% reduction was observed using high-energy X-ray diffraction. Results show that, the diffraction intensity of {001}<110> and {112}<110> belong to α-fiber texture component decreased with the annealing temperature increased while {111}<110> did nearly not change and {111}<112> increased; the FMTH decreasing and d-space changing with annealing temperature increasing indicated that the residual stress relaxed completely during recovery.

Influence of Annealing Temperature on Properties and Texture of High Strength IF Steel

2011 ◽  
Vol 311-313 ◽  
pp. 940-943
Author(s):  
Kuan Hui Hu ◽  
Shun Bing Zhou ◽  
De Xin Tian ◽  
Guan Wen Feng
Keyword(s):  
Recrystallization Texture ◽  
Annealing Temperature ◽  
High Strength ◽  
Fiber Texture ◽  
Test Material ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Strength Change ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
R Value ◽  
High Strength If Steel

Using the cold rolled High Strength IF Steel sheet of 1.0 mm thickness as the test material,the r value and recrystallization texture were investigated by the tensile test and X Radial Diffraction Device.The results show that the test steel were annealed by heating to 760°C,800°C,840°C and holding sixty seconds,and with the increase of the annealing temperature ,the recrystallization finished and the texture to obtain the full evolution,and the r value of the steel grown.After the annealing,the recrystallization texture shows strong γ-fiber texture,homogeneous γ-fiber and weak α-fiber texture,and the texture strength change rule with the annealing temperature change was gained.

Evolution of Recrystallization Microtexture of Cold-Rolling Low Carbon Sheet Steel Based on CSP during Batch Annealing

2010 ◽  
Vol 146-147 ◽  
pp. 170-175 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zi Li Jin ◽  
Hui Ping Ren ◽  
De Gang Li ◽  
Bo Yan
Keyword(s):  
Cold Rolling ◽  
Recrystallization Texture ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Sheet Steel ◽  
Shear Bands ◽  
Orientation Distribution ◽  
Electron Back Scatter Diffraction ◽  
Low Carbon ◽  
Batch Annealing ◽  
Carbon Sheet

The mechanism responsible for the formation of recrystallization texture is still disputed although recrystallization texture has long been a subject of research. This is mainly related to the complexity of recrystallization itself .The mechanism of recrystallization microtexture Cold-rolling low carbon sheet steel based on CSP was investigated by the electron back scatter diffraction(EBSD) was investigated. In addition, the origin of nuclei with specific orientations was studied. The results showed that the formation of recrystallization texture is explained by oriented nucleation and the nucleis show around 50% frequency of 15–60°misorientation with their surrounding deformed matrices. Deformed γ-fibre texture components increase more rapidly during the early stage of recrystallization. In contrast, the deformed α-fibre components, such as {001}<110> components disappear rather rapidly early stage of recrystallization and {112}<110> components increases rapidly late stage of recrystallization and grains growth. By microcosmic orientation distribution analyse find that the new {011}<100> grains are nucleated within shear bands in the deformed {111}<112> grains, New {111}<112> grains are nucleated within deformed {111}<110> grains and new {111}<110> grains originated in the deformed {111}<112> grains .

Effects of High Magnetic Field and Field Direction on Recrystallization and Recrystallization Texture in Cold-Rolled IF Steel Sheet

2007 ◽  
Vol 558-559 ◽  
pp. 401-406 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yan Wu ◽  
Chang Shu He ◽  
Xiang Zhao ◽  
Liang Zuo ◽  
T. Watanabe
Keyword(s):  
Magnetic Field ◽  
Recrystallization Texture ◽  
Steel Sheet ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Fiber Texture ◽  
Field Direction ◽  
Annealed Specimen ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Magnetic Annealing ◽  
If Steel Sheet

The effects of magnetic annealing on recrystallization and texture evolution in asannealed interstitial-free (IF) steel sheet were investigated by means of X-ray diffraction ODF analysis, SEM-EBSD analysis, and optical microstructure observation. During the magnetic annealing, specimens were placed at the center of the applied magnetic field, with their rolling planes parallel to the field direction (MD) and their rolling direction (RD) normal to the field direction (MD). It was found that the magnetic annealing retards the recrystallization process, but promotes the nucleation at the initial stage of recrystallization. Magnetic annealing did not change the mechanism of recrystallization texture evolution but improved the development of γ-fiber texture during the process of recrystallization, and the magnetically annealed specimen had stronger γ-fiber texture compared with the conventionally annealed specimen; this interesting finding is quite different from the previous work on magnetically annealed IF steel.

Study on Texture and Deep Drawability of Ti-IF Steel Sheets Hot-Rolled in Ferrite Region

2013 ◽  
Vol 331 ◽  
pp. 551-554 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fu Tao Han ◽  
Zuo Cheng Wang ◽  
Cai Nian Jing ◽  
Jie Su ◽  
Xiao Min Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hot Rolling ◽  
Recrystallization Texture ◽  
Rolling Temperature ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Deep Drawability ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
R Value ◽  
Ferrite Region ◽  
Effect Of Hot Rolling ◽  
Hot Rolled

The effect of hot rolling temperature and reduction in ferrite region on the microstructure, texture and deep drawability of Ti-IF steel sheets were investigated. The results showed that after ferritic hot rolling and annealing, Ti-IF steel sheets developed uniform equiaxed ferrite grains and strong <111>//ND recrystallized fibers, the maximum r-value was 1.725 and good deep drawability was achieved. The deep drawability was improved with the decrease of ferritic hot rolling temperature, also enhanced with the increase of reduction in ferrite region. Texture analysis indicated that low hot rolling temperature and large reduction in ferrite region could increase the intensities of favorable {111}<112> and {554}<225> recrystallization textures and also reduce that of unfavorable {001}<110> recrystallization texture, therefore the r-value and deep drawability were enhanced.

Microstructure and Texture Evolution during Recrystallization of Interstitial Free Steel

2010 ◽  
Vol 146-147 ◽  
pp. 743-748
Author(s):  
Wei Mao ◽  
Hao Yu ◽  
Wei Hua Sun
Keyword(s):  
Recrystallization Texture ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Texture Evolution ◽  
Interstitial Free ◽  
If Steel ◽  
Stored Energy ◽  
Transformation Texture ◽  
Cold Rolled ◽  
Real Picture ◽  
Misorientation Angles

The evolution of microstructure and texture due to recrystallization was investigated in cold rolled interstitial free (IF) steel. Samples taken from the cold band of a 0.07%Ti bearing IF steel with total cold rolling reduction of 75% were investigated by using optical microscopy, X-ray diffraction and electron back-scattered diffraction etc. The aim of this study was to obtain a real picture of the formation of the recrystallization texture of IF steel, which would contribute to proper texture control for improving deep drawability. The mechanism responsible for the evolution of texture is discussed experimentally from four aspects. First of all, the microstructure of partially annealed cold rolled specimen is obtained. The recrystallized grain form earlier in more darkly etched regions from the micrographs, which belong to the ND//<111> fiber components. In addition, the fractions of the {111}<110> and {111}<112> components increase slowly during the early stage of recrystallization, because the γ-fiber recrystallized texture is growing, while at the same time the γ-fiber deformed texture is being consumed. Moreover, The texture formation has been discussed taking into consideration of the stored energy and the misorientation between the orientation of the recrystallized grain and that of the surrounding deformed matrix. The work indicates that the recrystallized grains, which migrate into the deformed grains, are mainly with the high misorientation angles. The large percentage of the recrystallized grains, whose misorientation angles with deformed grains exceed 15°, are corresponding to the {111} transformation texture. Nucleation first starts at colonies that have the highest stored energy of deformation, which has the same orientation as the deformed grains. By analysis, the formation of recrystallization texture was well explained by oriented nucleation mechanism rather than by selective growth mechanism.

Direct observation of Fe-Al-Zn ternary intermetallic compound and its transformation during the early stage of hot-dip galvanizing

1993 ◽  
Vol 51 ◽  
pp. 1116-1117
Author(s):  
C. S. Lin ◽  
W. A. Chiou ◽  
M. Meshii
Keyword(s):  
Intermetallic Compound ◽  
Reaction Rate ◽  
Diffusion Rate ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Zinc Bath ◽  
Steel Sheets ◽  
Direct Observations ◽  
Solid Iron ◽  
Iron And Zinc ◽  
Ternary Intermetallic Compound

The galvannealed steel sheets have received ever increased attention because of their excellent post-painting corrosion resistance and good weldability. However, its powdering and flaking tendency during press forming processes strongly impairs its performance. In order to optimize the properties of galvanneal coatings, it is critical to control the reaction rate between solid iron and molten zinc.In commercial galvannealing line, aluminum is added to zinc bath to retard the diffusion rate between iron and zinc by the formation of a thin layer of Al intermetallic compound on the surface of steel at initial hot-dip galvanizing. However, the form of this compound and its transformation are still speculated. In this paper, we report the direct observations of this compound and its transformation.The specimens were prepared in a hot-dip simulator in which the steel was galvanized in the zinc bath containing 0.14 wt% of Al at a temperature of 480 °C for 5 seconds and was quenched by liquid nitrogen.

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