Adsorptive Removal of Pb(II) Ion from Aqueous Solution Using Rice Husk-Based Activated Carbon

2014 ◽  
Vol 875-877 ◽  
pp. 196-201 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Faisal Taha ◽  
Ahmad S. Rosman ◽  
Maizatul S. Shaharun
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Adsorption Studies ◽  
Three Samples ◽  
Equilibrium Data

The potential of rice husk-based activated carbon as an alternative low-cost adsorbent for the removal of Pb (II) ion from aqueous solution was investigated. Rice husk-based activated carbon was preparedviachemical activation process using NaOH followed by the carbonization process at 500°C. Morphological analysis was conducted using field-emission scanning electron microscope /energy dispersive X-ray (FESEM/EDX) on three samples, i.e. raw rice husk, rice husk treated with NaOH and rice husk-based activated carbon. These three samples were also analyzed for their C, H, N, O and Si contents using CHN elemental analyzer and FESEM/EDX. The textural properties of rice husk-based activated carbon, i.e. surface area (253 m2/g) and pore volume (0.17 cm2/g), were determined by N2adsorption. The adsorption studies using rice husk-based activated carbon as an adsorbent to remove Pb (II) ion from aqueous solution were carried out at a fixed initial concentration of Pb (II) ion (150 ppm) with varying adsorbent dose as a function of contact time at room temperature. The concentration of Pb (II) ion was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The removal of Pb (II) ion from aqueous solution increased from 35 % to 82 % when the amount of rice husk-based activated carbon was increased from 0.05 g to 0.30 g. The equilibrium data obtained from adsorption studies was found to fit both Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherms.

Adsorptive Removal of Ni2+ from Aqueous Solution onto Rice Husk-Based Activated Carbon

2014 ◽  
Vol 625 ◽  
pp. 893-896
Author(s):  
Mohd Faisal Taha ◽  
Anis Shuib ◽  
Maizatul Shima Shaharun ◽  
Azry Borhan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Order Kinetic ◽  
Adsorption Studies ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Maximum Removal

The potential of rice husk-based activated carbon (RHAC) as an alternative low-cost adsorbent for the removal of Ni2+ from aqueous solution was studied. RHAC was prepared via chemical treatment using NaOH followed by the carbonization process. The textural properties of rice husk-based activated carbon, i.e. surface area (253 m2/g) and pore volume (0.17 cm2/g), were determined by N2 adsorption. The adsorption studies to remove Ni2+ from aqueous solution using RHAC were carried out at a fixed initial concentration of Ni2+ (150 ppm) with varying RHAC as a function of contact time at room temperature. The concentration of Ni2+ was determined by atomic absorption spectrophotometer (AAS). The maximum removal of Ni2+ was increased from 40% to 89% when the amount of RHAC was increased from 0.1 g to 0.5 g. The isotherm and kinetic analyses showed that equilibrium data of adsorption studies fitted well Langmuir, Freundlich and second order kinetic models.

Adsorptive Removal of Ni2+ from Aqueous Solution Using Rice Husk-Based Activated Carbon

2015 ◽  
Vol 754-755 ◽  
pp. 950-954
Author(s):  
Mohd Faisal Taha ◽  
Anis Suhaila Shuib ◽  
Maizatul Shima Shaharun ◽  
Azry Borhan
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Textural Properties ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Isotherm Models ◽  
Adsorption Studies ◽  
Adsorptive Removal ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Good Potential

An attempt was made to study the potential of rice husk as an alternative cheap precursor for activated carbon to remove Ni2+ from aqueous solution. Rice husk was treated chemically (with NaOH) and physically (carbonization) to prepare rice husk based activated carbon (RHAC). The textural properties of RHAC, i.e. surface area (255 m2/g) and pore volume (0.17 cm2/g), were determined by N2 adsorption using Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) surface analyzer. RHAC was also characterized for its morphology and its elemental compositions. The adsorption studies for the removal of Ni2+ from aqueous solution were carried out using different dosage of RHAC as adsorbent as a function of varied contact time. The concentration of Ni2+ was determined by atomic absorption spectrometer (AAS). The results obtained from adsorption studies indicate good potential of rice husk as a cheap precursor to produce activated carbon for the removal of Ni2+ from aqueous solution. The equilibrium data from adsorption studies fitted well the of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm models.

scholarly journals Synthesis and Characterisation of Pyridinium-Based Ionic Liquid as Activating Agent in Rubber Seed Shell Activated Carbon Production for CO2 Capture

2021 ◽  
Vol 82 (1) ◽  
pp. 85-95
Author(s):  
Nawwarah Mokti ◽  
Azry Borhan ◽  
Siti Nur Azella Zaine ◽  
Hayyiratul Fatimah Mohd Zaid
Keyword(s):  
Ionic Liquid ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Adsorption Capacity ◽  
Co2 Capture ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Green Technology ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Rubber Seed ◽  
Activating Agent

The use of an activating agent in chemical activation of activated carbon (AC) production is very important as it will help to open the pore structure of AC as adsorbents and could enhance its performance for adsorption capacity. In this study, a pyridinium-based ionic liquid (IL), 1-butylpyridinium bis(trifluoromethylsulfonyl) imide, [C4Py][Tf2N] has been synthesized by using anion exchange reaction and was characterized using few analyses such as 1H-NMR, 13C-NMR and FTIR. Low-cost AC was synthesized by chemical activation process in which rubber seed shell (RSS) and ionic liquid [C4Py][Tf2N] were employed as the precursor and activating agent, respectively. AC has been prepared with different IL concentration (1% and 10%) at 500°C and 800°C for 2 hours. Sample AC2 shows the highest SBET and VT which are 392.8927 m2/g and 0.2059 cm3/g respectively. The surface morphology of synthesized AC can be clearly seen through FESEM analysis. A high concentration of IL in sample AC10 contributed to blockage of pores by the IL. On the other hand, the performance of synthesized AC for CO2 adsorption capacity also studied by using static volumetric technique at 1 bar and 25°C. Sample AC2 contributed the highest CO2 uptakes which is 50.783 cm3/g. This current work shows that the use of low concentration IL as an activating agent has the potential to produce porous AC, which offers low-cost, green technology as well as promising application towards CO2 capture.

scholarly journals Comparison of Surface and Structural Properties of Carbonaceous Materials Prepared by Chemical Activation of Tomato Paste Waste: The Effects of Activator Type and Impregnation Ratio

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-10 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurgul Ozbay ◽  
Adife Seyda Yargic
Keyword(s):  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Nitrogen Adsorption ◽  
Xrd Analysis ◽  
Point Of Zero Charge ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
X Ray ◽  
Tomato Paste

Activated carbons were prepared by carbonization of tomato paste processing industry waste at 500°C followed by chemical activation with KOH, K2CO3, and HCl in N2 atmosphere at low temperature (500°C). The effects of different activating agents and impregnation ratios (25, 50, and 100 wt.%) on the materials’ characteristics were examined. Precursor, carbonized tomato waste (CTW), and activated carbons were characterized by using ultimate and proximate analysis, thermogravimetric analysis (TG/DTG), Fourier transform-infrared (FT-IR) spectroscopy, X-ray fluorescence (XRF) spectroscopy, point of zero charge measurements (pHPZC), particle size analyzer, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), energy dispersive X-ray (EDX) spectroscopy, nitrogen adsorption/desorption isotherms, and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. Activation process improved pore formation and changed activated carbons’ surface characteristics. Activated carbon with the highest surface area (283 m3/g) was prepared by using 50 wt.% KOH as an activator. According to the experimental results, tomato paste waste could be used as an alternative precursor to produce low-cost activated carbon.

scholarly journals Kinetic, Equilibrium and Thermodynamic Studies on Removal of Cu(II) and Pb(II) by Activated Carbon Prepared from Macro-Algae (Kappaphycus alvarezii)

2019 ◽  
Vol 31 (6) ◽  
pp. 1343-1348
Author(s):  
K.V. SATHASIVAM ◽  
N.K. FULORIA ◽  
S. FULORIA ◽  
P.J. DARSHENEE ◽  
R. XAVIER ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Contact Time ◽  
Kappaphycus Alvarezii ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Experimental Parameters ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Kinetic Equilibrium ◽  
Macro Algae

Present study was intended to explore the biosorption of Cu(II) and Pb(II) ions in aqueous solution using activated carbon biosynthesized from macro-algae Kappaphycus alvarezii under different experimental parameters. Activated carbon was produced via zinc chloride chemical activation method. The effect of parameters such as pH, temperature over biosorption, amount of adsorbents, initial Cu(II) and Pb(II) aqueous concentration, and contact time were studies. The pH 4.0 for adsorption of Cu(II) and Pb(II), and metal ions uptake contact time of 60 min were considered as optimum. Equilibrium data of biosorption were analyzed by models of Langmuir and Freundlich isotherm at different initial Cu(II) and Pb(II) aqueous solutions concentration. Fruendlich adsorption isotherm model fitted well into biosorption data with a regression value of 0.9986. Thermodynamic parameters such as change in change of enthalpy (ΔHº), change of entropy (ΔSº) and Gibbs free energy (ΔGº) were also determined.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Enhancement Factor for Removal of Heavy Metal Ions from Water through Adsorption by Non-Activated and Activated Carbon Prepared from Rice Husk

2021 ◽  
Vol 64 (3) ◽  
pp. 206-213
Author(s):  
Muhammad Irfan ◽  
Amir Shafeeq ◽  
Tahir Saleem Nasir ◽  
Farzana Bashir ◽  
Tausif Ahmad ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Heavy Metal ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Metal Ions ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Enhancement Factor ◽  
Heavy Metal Ions ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Volatile Matter ◽  
Waste Biomass

Removal of heavy metal ions (HMI) from water streams is desirable due to their toxic and carcinogenic effects. Therefore, this study was conducted to prepare a low cost adsorbent in the form of non-activated carbon (NAC) and activated carbon (AC) using rice husk, a local bio-waste material. Activation of material was performed by base leaching, chemical activation using ZnCl2, followed by acid washing. The initial and final concentrations of HMI in water were measured using Atomic Absorption Spectroscopy. Volatile matter, ash, moisture and surface area of the prepared material were measured using ASTM methods E 897- 88 R04, E 830 - 87 R04, E 949 - 88 R04 and D 1050 - 1 respectively. An enhancement factor was used to evaluate the activating effect of the adsorbent. Maximum % age removal of HMI was measured as 69.0, 64.0, 62.0 and 56% for Ni, Cd, Zn and Pb respectively using NAC. However, by using AC, a significant increase in the %age removal efficiency of HMI was observed and measured as 99.0, 95.5, 93.0 and 89% for Ni, Cd, Zn and Pb respectively. The results showed that AC derived from waste biomass is a simple, ecological and cost-effective approach to remove bulk of metal ions from water and wastewater.  

scholarly journals Removal of methylene blue from aqueous solution using cocoa (Theobroma cacao) nib-based activated carbon treated with hydrochloric acid

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
pp. 193-197 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohd Sukri Hassan ◽  
Khairul Adli Nikman ◽  
Fisal Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Methylene Blue ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Activation Process ◽  
Order Model ◽  
Experimental Isotherm ◽  
Pseudo Second Order ◽  
Adsorptive Properties

Chemical activation process was applied to prepare a cocoa nib-based activated carbon using potassium carbonate (K2CO3). The performance of the activated carbon in removing Methylene Blue from aqueous solution was investigated by batch adsorption studies. The adsorptive properties were studied in terms of initial concentration (C0: 100-300 mg/L) and contact time effects. The experimental isotherm data fitted well the Langmuir and Temkin models. The adsorption kinetic followed the pseudo-second-order model and Boyd model explained the mechanism of adsorption. The results indicate that the chemically produced activated cocoa nib carbon has significant potential to be used as an adsorbent material for adsorption of Methylene Blue from aqueous solution.

scholarly journals Removal of Fe (II) ions from Aqueous solution using Rice-husk Adsorbents in fixed-bed column

2021 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 118-125
Author(s):  
Cut Meurah Rosnelly ◽  
Lia Meiriza - Meiriza ◽  
Husni - Husin ◽  
Muhammad - Zaki ◽  
Muhammad Aqilussalim E ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Rice Husk ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Fixed Bed ◽  
Absorption Bands ◽  
Nitrogen Gas ◽  
Sem Images ◽  
Fixed Bed Column

Rice husk has been converted into activated carbon for the adsorbent to remove the heavy metal from the aqueous solution. This study aimed to convert rice husk to activated carbon (AC) for use in the adsorption of Fe ions in a fixed-bed column. Rice husk was first pyrolyzed in an atmosphere of nitrogen gas at 400 oC, then a chemical activation method using sodium hydroxide. The rice husk activated carbon (RH-AC) was characterized using Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) and Scanning electron microscope (SEM) to identify the functional group and microstructure of carbon. The performance of the carbon was tested on the Fe removal from an aqueous solution in a continuous column. The adsorption process was carried out using Fe solution with an initial concentration of 3 mg/L as an artificial sample. The amount of carbon is 25, and 50 g were filled in an adsorber column with a diameter of 5.4 cm and height of 40 cm. SEM images revealed that the activated carbons shown with well-developed pore sizes and pore structure were produced after the chemical activation.  The FTIR absorption bands observed in the RH-AC sample confirmed the presence of hydroxyl (-OH), carbonyl, and carboxylic (-COOH) groups of RH-AC adsorbent. The highest Fe removal efficiencies were 91.9% on chemically activated carbon and column mass 50 g at 400 minutes. The overall study revealed the potential value of chemically activated RH-AC as a possible commercial adsorbent in a continuous column wastewater treatment strategy.

scholarly journals Activated Carbon from the Peelings of Cassava Tubers (Manihot esculenta) for the Removal of Nickel(II) Ions from Aqueous Solution

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-14
Author(s):  
Brice Armel Ajouafeu Alongamo ◽  
Lydie Dodo Ajifack ◽  
Julius Numbonui Ghogomu ◽  
Ndi Julius Nsami ◽  
Joseph Mbadcam Ketcha
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Manihot Esculenta ◽  
Adsorption Process ◽  
Activated Carbons ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Zero Point ◽  
Batch Adsorption ◽  
Homogeneous Surface

Activated carbons were obtained from the peelings of cassava tubers (Manihot esculenta) by chemical activation using potassium hydroxide and phosphoric acid at impregnation ratios of 2 : 1 and 1 : 1, respectively, at 400°C for batch adsorption of nickel(II) ions from aqueous solution. Characterization of activated carbon samples was achieved via proximate analysis, Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, pH of zero-point charge, Boehm method, elemental analysis, scanning electron microscopy, and iodine number determination for each adsorbent. The effects of pH, contact time, initial adsorbate concentration, and adsorbent dose were studied at 27°C in order to optimize the conditions for maximum adsorption. Equilibrium was attained after 40 minutes of contact of both materials with activating solutions. Maximum adsorption capacities of 41.15 mg/g for ACPH, 47.39 mg/g for ACPA, 35.34 mg/g for NIC, and 34.48 mg/g for RM, respectively, were obtained at pH = 4. Equilibrium data showed that the Langmuir model best described the adsorption process with R2 closed to unity, indicative of monolayer adsorption on a homogeneous surface. Kinetic studies showed that the adsorption process is controlled by the pseudo-second-order model. These results show that activated carbon prepared from cassava peelings constitutes an effective low-cost material for the treatment of wastewater containing nickel(II) ions.

Adsorption of Malachite Green on Heishan Coal-Based Activated Carbon

2011 ◽  
Vol 396-398 ◽  
pp. 2384-2387
Author(s):  
Mao Sheng Tao ◽  
De Lian Yi ◽  
Lin Wu ◽  
Zhao Hui Ouyang ◽  
Hui Min Zhang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aqueous Solution ◽  
Activated Carbon ◽  
Malachite Green ◽  
Chemical Activation ◽  
Freundlich Isotherm ◽  
Bet Surface Area ◽  
Sem Image ◽  
Effects Of Ph ◽  
Equilibrium Data ◽  
Adsorption Equilibrium Data

Subscript textAn adsorbent has been prepared from Heishan coal by chemical activation with KOH, the activated carbon has a BET surface area of 801.53 m2/g, the meso-pore ratio is 89.63%, SEM image shows that it is very rich in pore structure. The activated carbon was used to adsorb malachite green from an aqueous solution in room temperature. The effects of pH, contact time and dosage have been studied. The results show that the adsorption of malachite green from aqueous solution onto Heishan coal-based activated carbon proceeds according to the pseudo-second-order model, the adsorption equilibrium data were better represented by the Langmuir isotherm than Freundlich isotherm.

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