Biomechanics and Blood Pressure with Modeling of Pulse Wave Velocity Based on Multiple Linear Regression

2014 ◽  
Vol 952 ◽  
pp. 261-264
Author(s):  
Long Jia
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Regression Model ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Practical Test ◽  
Significant Difference

The purpose of present study is to build a multiple linear regression model using biomechanical theory to assess the relationship of pulse wave velocity (PWV) with blood pressure, height and age. By testing the PWV, blood pressure, height, weight of 164 female adults aged above 45 and existing data, the author constructed a multiple linear regression equation. Through comparing the practical test PWV values with the estimate values from regression model, the result showed that there was no significant difference between the model assessment and practical test values (t=0.833, p=.423>.05). Therefore, the regression model is fit for assessing PWV value by height, age, systolic and diastolic pressure.

scholarly journals Factors associated with arterial stiffness in children aged 9-10 years

2015 ◽  
Vol 49 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Milena Santos Batista ◽  
José Geraldo Mill ◽  
Taisa Sabrina Silva Pereira ◽  
Carolina Dadalto Rocha Fernandes ◽  
Maria del Carmen Bisi Molina
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Arterial Stiffness ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Southeastern Brazil ◽  
Convenience Sample ◽  
Factors Associated

OBJECTIVE To analyze the factors associated with stiffness of the great arteries in prepubertal children.METHODS This study with convenience sample of 231 schoolchildren aged 9-10 years enrolled in public and private schools in Vitória, ES, Southeastern Brazil, in 2010-2011. Anthropometric and hemodynamic data, blood pressure, and pulse wave velocity in the carotid-femoral segment were obtained. Data on current and previous health conditions were obtained by questionnaire and notes on the child’s health card. Multiple linear regression was applied to identify the partial and total contribution of the factors in determining the pulse wave velocity values.RESULTS Among the students, 50.2% were female and 55.4% were 10 years old. Among those classified in the last tertile of pulse wave velocity, 60.0% were overweight, with higher mean blood pressure, waist circumference, and waist-to-height ratio. Birth weight was not associated with pulse wave velocity. After multiple linear regression analysis, body mass index (BMI) and diastolic blood pressure remained in the model.CONCLUSIONS BMI was the most important factor in determining arterial stiffness in children aged 9-10 years.

scholarly journals Intake of polyphenol-rich pomegranate pure juice influences urinary glucocorticoids, blood pressure and homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance in human volunteers

2012 ◽  
Vol 1 ◽  
Author(s):  
Catherine Tsang ◽  
Nacer F. Smail ◽  
S. Almoosawi ◽  
I. Davidson ◽  
Emad A. S. Al-Dujaili
Keyword(s):  
Insulin Resistance ◽  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Similar Amount ◽  
Model Assessment ◽  
Homeostasis Model Assessment ◽  
The Metabolic Syndrome ◽  
Therapeutic Benefits

AbstractPomegranate juice (PJ; also known as pomegreat pure juice) provides a rich and varied source of polyphenolic compounds that may offer cardioprotective, anti-atherogenic and antihypertensive effects. The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of PJ consumption on glucocorticoids levels, blood pressure (BP) and insulin resistance in volunteers at high CVD risk. Subjects (twelve males and sixteen females) participated in a randomised, placebo-controlled cross-over study (BMI: 26·77 (sd 3·36) kg/m2; mean age: 50·4 (sd 6·1) years). Volunteers were assessed at baseline, and at weeks 2 and 4 for anthropometry, BP and pulse wave velocity. Cortisol and cortisone levels in urine and saliva were determined by specific ELISA methods, and the cortisol/cortisone ratio was calculated. Fasting blood samples were obtained to assess plasma lipids, glucose, insulin and insulin resistance (homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance). Volunteers consumed 500 ml of PJ or 500 ml of a placebo drink containing a similar amount of energy. Cortisol urinary output was reduced but not significant. However, cortisol/cortisone ratios in urine (P = 0·009) and saliva (P = 0·024) were significantly decreased. Systolic BP decreased from 136·4 (sd 6·3) to 128·9 (sd 5·1) mmHg (P = 0·034), and diastolic BP from 80·3 (sd 4·29) to 75·5 (sd 5·17) mmHg (P = 0·031) after 4 weeks of fruit juice consumption. Pulse wave velocity decreased from 7·5 (sd 0·86) to 7·44 (sd 0·94) m/s (P = 0·035). There was also a significant reduction in fasting plasma insulin from 9·36 (sd 5·8) to 7·53 (sd 4·12) mIU/l (P = 0·025) and of homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance (from 2·216 (sd 1·43) to 1·82 (sd 1·12), P = 0·028). No significant changes were seen in the placebo arm of the study. These results suggest that PJ consumption can alleviate key cardiovascular risk factors in overweight and obese subjects that might be due to a reduction in both systolic and diastolic BP, possibly through the inhibition of 11β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase type 1 enzyme activity as evidenced by the reduction in the cortisol/cortisone ratio. The reduction in insulin resistance might have therapeutic benefits for patients with non-insulin-dependent diabetes, obesity and the metabolic syndrome.

scholarly journals Serum Osteopontin Level Correlates with Carotid-Femoral Pulse Wave Velocity in Geriatric Persons

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chung-Jen Lee ◽  
Ji-Hung Wang ◽  
Yu-Chih Chen ◽  
Mei-Ling Chen ◽  
Chiu-Fen Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Regression Analysis ◽  
Linear Regression ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Linear Regression Analysis ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay

Osteopontin (OPN) is involved in the regulation of vascular calcification processes. The aim of this study was to evaluate the relationship between fasting serum OPN concentration and carotid-femoral pulse wave velocity (cfPWV) in geriatric persons. Fasting blood samples were obtained from 93 geriatric persons. cfPWV were performed by SphygmoCor system. Serum OPN levels were measured using a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Geriatric adults who had diabetes (P=0.007) or dyslipidemia (P=0.029) had higher cfPWV levels than those without diabetes or dyslipidemia. The univariable linear regression analysis showed that age (P=0.002), waist circumference (P=0.048), body mass index (P=0.004), systolic blood pressure (P=0.001), diastolic blood pressure (P=0.036), pulse pressure (P=0.017), creatinine (P=0.002), and log-OPN level (P=0.001) were positively correlated with cfPWV levels, while the high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-cholesterol) level (P=0.007) and glomerular filtration rate (P=0.001) were negatively correlated with cfPWV levels among the geriatric adults. Multivariable forward stepwise linear regression analysis of the significant variables also showed that log-OPN (β=0.233,R2=0.123, regression coefficient: 1.868,P=0.011) was still an independent predictor of cfPWV levels in geriatric persons.

STRUCTURAL AND FUNCTIONAL VASCULAR CHANGES IN HIGH NORMAL ARTERIAL PRESSURE

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
P. Nikolov
Keyword(s):  
Arterial Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Augmentation Index ◽  
Aortic Pressure ◽  
Large Arteries ◽  
Central Aortic Pressure ◽  
Significant Difference

The PURPUSE of the present study is changes in function and structure of large arteries in individuals with High Normal Arterial Pressure (HNAP) to be established. MATERIAL and METHODS: Structural and functional changes in the large arteries were investigated in 80 individuals with HNAP and in 45 with optimal arterial pressure (OAP). In terms of arterial stiffness, pulse wave velocity (PWV), augmentation index (AI), central aortic pressure (CAP), pulse pressure (PP) were followed up in HNAP group. Intima media thickness (IMT), flow-induced vasodilatation (FMD), ankle-brachial index (ABI) were also studied. RESULTS: Significantly increased values of pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, central aortic pressure, pulse pressure are reported in the HNAP group. In terms of IMT and ABI, being in the reference interval, there is no significant difference between HNAP and OAP groups. The calculated cardiovascular risk (CVR) in both groups is low. CONCLUSION: Significantly higher values of pulse wave velocity, augmentation index, central aortic pressure and pulse pressure in the HNAP group are reported.

THE ELASTICITY OF THE LARGE ARTERIES IN HYPERTENSION

1952 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 125-129
Author(s):  
J. P. Adamson ◽  
J. Doupe
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Diastolic Pressure ◽  
Arterial Elasticity ◽  
Large Arteries ◽  
Wave Velocities

Intra-arterial pressures and pulse wave velocities were measured in 18 subjects whose auscultatory diastolic pressures ranged from 45 to 120 mm. Hg. Various methods were used to lower the blood pressure in the hypertensive and to raise it in nonhypertensive subjects so that pulse wave velocities might be compared in all subjects at a common diastolic pressure. The pulse wave velocities were calculated for a diastolic pressure of 80 mm. Hg. No significant differences were found between hypertensive and nonhypertensive subjects. It was concluded that a defect of arterial elasticity as gauged by pulse wave velocity is not a factor in the pathogenesis of hypertension.

scholarly journals Normal and reference values for cardiovascular magnetic resonance-based pulse wave velocity in the middle-aged general population

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Max J. van Hout ◽  
Ilona A. Dekkers ◽  
Jos J. Westenberg ◽  
Martin J. Schalij ◽  
Ralph L. Widya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cardiovascular Magnetic Resonance ◽  
Magnetic Resonance ◽  
General Population ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Reference Values ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Disease Risk ◽  
Cardiovascular Disease Risk

Abstract Background Aortic stiffness, assessed through pulse wave velocity (PWV), is an independent predictor for cardiovascular disease risk. However, the scarce availability of normal and reference values for cardiovascular magnetic resonance imaging (CMR) based PWV is limiting clinical implementation. The aim of this study was to determine normal and reference values for CMR assessed PWV in the general population. Methods From the 2,484 participants of the Netherlands Epidemiology of Obesity (NEO) study that have available CMR-PWV data, 1,394 participants free from cardiovasculard disease, smokers or treatment for diabetes, hypertension or dyslipidaemia were selected (45–65 years, 51% female). Participants were divided into sex, age and blood pressure (BP) subgroups. Normal values were specified for participants with a BP < 130/80 mmHg and reference values for elevated BP subgroups (≥ 130/80 and < 140/90 mmHg; and ≥ 140/90 mmHg). Differences between groups were tested with independent samples t-test or ANOVA. Due to an oversampling of obese individuals in this study, PWV values are based on a weighted analysis making them representative of the general population. Results Normal mean PWV was 6.0 m/s [95% CI 5.8–6.1]. PWV increased with advancing age and BP categories (both p < 0.001). There was no difference between sex in normal PWV, however in the BP > 140/90 mmHg women had a higher PWV (p = 0.005). The interpercentile ranges were smaller for participants < 55 years old compared to participants ≥ 55 years, indicating an increasing variability of PWV with age. PWV upper limits were particularly elevated in participants ≥ 55 years old in the high blood pressure subgroups. Conclusion This study provides normal and reference values for CMR-assessed PWV per sex, age and blood pressure category in the general population.

scholarly journals Effects of an Innovative Head-Up Tilt Protocol on Blood Pressure and Arterial Stiffness Changes

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (6) ◽  
pp. 1198
Author(s):  
Victor N. Dorogovtsev ◽  
Dmitry S. Yankevich ◽  
Nandu Goswami
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Pulse Wave Velocity ◽  
Wave Velocity ◽  
Healthy Subjects ◽  
Pulse Wave ◽  
Task Force ◽  
Column Height ◽  
Tilt Test ◽  
Test Protocol ◽  
Head Up Tilt

The objective of our study was to identify blood pressure (BP) and pulse wave velocity (PWV) changes during orthostatic loading, using a new the head-up tilt test (HUTT), which incorporates the usage of a standardized hydrostatic column height. Methods: 40 healthy subjects 20–32 years performed HUTT, which was standardized to a height of the hydrostatic column at 133 cm. Exposure time was 10 min in each of 3 positions: horizontal supine 1, HUTT, and horizontal supine 2. The individual tilt up angle made it possible to set the standard value of the hydrostatic column. Hemodynamic parameters were recorded beat to beat using “Task Force Monitor 3040 i”, pulse-wave velocity (PWV) was measured with a sphygmograph–sphygmomanometer VaSera VS1500N. Results: Orthostatic loading caused a significant increase in heart rate (HR) and a decrease in stroke volume (SV) (p < 0.05) but no significant reductions in cardiac output, changes in total vascular resistance (TVR), or BP. An analysis of personalized data on systolic blood pressure (SBP) changes in tilt up position as compared to horizontal position (ΔSBP) revealed non-significant changes in this index in 48% of subjects (orthostatic normotension group), in 32% there was a significant decrease in it (orthostatic hypotension group) and in 20% there was a significant increase in it (orthostatic hypertension group). These orthostatic changes were not accompanied by any clinical symptoms and/or syncope. During HUTT, all subjects had in the PWV a significant increase of approximately 27% (p < 0.001). Conclusion: The new test protocol involving HUTT standardized to a height of hydrostatic column at 133 cm causes typical hemodynamics responses during orthostatic loading. Individual analysis of the subjects revealed subclinical orthostatic disorders (OSD) in up to 52% of the test persons. During HUTT, all test subjects showed a significant increase in PWV. The new innovative HUTT protocol can be applied in multi-center studies in healthy subjects to detect preclinical forms of orthostatic disorders under standard gravity load conditions.

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