Fabrication of Electrode for Thermoelectric Oxide Materials

2008 ◽  
Vol 54 ◽  
pp. 195-200 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hitoshi Kohri ◽  
Ichiro Shiota ◽  
Masahiko Kato ◽  
Isao J. Ohsugi
Keyword(s):  
Contact Resistance ◽  
Mechanical Strength ◽  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Oxide Materials ◽  
Energy Research ◽  
High Mechanical Strength ◽  
Alloy Solder

Thermoelectric materials can directly convert thermal energy into electrical energy. Research and development of thermoelectric generators have been actively carried out to use waste heat. Electrodes are necessary to take out the electrical power from the thermoelectric couples. However, large portion of the generated electrical power is often lost at the interface between electrode and thermoelectric materials. Though oxide materials are promising for a thermoelectric generator at a high temperature, they are not practically used as the joining technique is not established. Not only low contact resistance but also sufficient mechanical strength is required for the joining. In this report, tin alloy solder was attempted for cold side junction to obtain low contact resistance and high mechanical strength at the interface. Wettability of the solder to Ca3Co2O6 and the thermoelectric generating properties were improved by adding titanium to tin alloy.

Highly efficient functional GexPb1−xTe based thermoelectric alloys

2014 ◽  
Vol 16 (37) ◽  
pp. 20120-20126 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yaniv Gelbstein ◽  
Joseph Davidow
Keyword(s):  
Energy Conversion ◽  
Fuel Consumption ◽  
Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Conversion Efficiency ◽  
Efficient Implementation ◽  
Thermoelectric Devices

Methods for enhancement of the direct thermal to electrical energy conversion efficiency, upon development of advanced thermoelectric materials, are constantly investigated mainly for an efficient implementation of thermoelectric devices in automotive vehicles, for utilizing the waste heat generated in such engines into useful electrical power and thereby reduction of the fuel consumption and CO2 emission levels.

Effect of Electron-Phonon Coupling on Transport Properties of Monolayers of ZrS2, BiI3 and PbI2: A thermoelectric Perspective

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gautam Sharma ◽  
Vineet Kumar Pandey ◽  
Shouvik Datta ◽  
Prasenjit Ghosh
Keyword(s):  
Relaxation Time ◽  
Band Structure ◽  
Transport Properties ◽  
Thermoelectric Properties ◽  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Transport Coefficients ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Phonon Coupling ◽  
Electron Phonon Coupling

Thermoelectric materials are used for conversion of waste heat to electrical energy. The transport coefficients that determine their thermoelectric properties depend on the band structure and the relaxation time of...

Analysis of Surface Waste Heat Recovery in IC Engine by Using TEG

2015 ◽  
Vol 787 ◽  
pp. 782-786 ◽  
Author(s):  
R. Prakash ◽  
D. Christopher ◽  
K. Kumarrathinam
Keyword(s):  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Surface Heat ◽  
Heat Energy ◽  
Ic Engine ◽  
Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point Tracking ◽  
Power Point ◽  
Heat Energy Recovery

The prime objective of this paper is to present the details of a thermoelectric waste heat energy recovery system for automobiles, more specifically, the surface heat available in the silencer. The key is to directly convert the surface heat energy from automotive waste heat to electrical energy using a thermoelectric generator, which is then regulated by a DC–DC Cuk converter to charge a battery using maximum power point tracking. Hence, the electrical power stored in the battery can be maximized. Also the other face of the TEG will remain cold. Hence the skin burn out accidents can be avoided. The experimental results demonstrate that the proposed system can work well under different working conditions, and is promising for automotive industry.

scholarly journals Study of Hybrid PVA/MA/TEOS Pervaporation Membrane and Evaluation of Energy Requirement for Desalination by Pervaporation

2018 ◽  
Vol 15 (9) ◽  
pp. 1913 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zongli Xie ◽  
Derrick Ng ◽  
Manh Hoang ◽  
Jianhua Zhang ◽  
Stephen Gray
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Energy Requirement ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Commercial Application ◽  
Heating And Cooling ◽  
Pervaporation Membrane ◽  
Multi Stage ◽  
Multiple Effect Distillation

Desalination by pervaporation is a membrane process that is yet to be realized for commercial application. To investigate the feasibility and viability of scaling up, a process engineering model was developed to evaluate the energy requirement based on the experimental study of a hybrid polyvinyl alcohol/maleic acid/tetraethyl orthosilicate (PVA/MA/TEOS) Pervaporation Membrane. The energy consumption includes the external heating and cooling required for the feed and permeate streams, as well as the electrical power associated with pumps for re-circulating feed and maintaining vacuum. The thermal energy requirement is significant (e.g., up to 2609 MJ/m3 of thermal energy) and is required to maintain the feed stream at 65 °C in recirculation mode. The electrical energy requirement is very small (<0.2 kWh/m3 of required at 65 °C feed temperature at steady state) with the vacuum pump contributing to the majority of the electrical energy. The energy required for the pervaporation process was also compared to other desalination processes such as Reverse Osmosis (RO), Multi-stage Flash (MSF), and Multiple Effect Distillation (MED). The electrical energy requirement for pervaporation is the lowest among these desalination technologies. However, the thermal energy needed for pervaporation is significant. Pervaporation may be attractive when the process is integrated with waste heat and heat recovery option and used in niche applications such as RO brine concentration or salt recovery.

Making Thermoelectric Materials SnxGa1−xNx Alloys by Magnetron Sputtering Technology

2015 ◽  
Vol 1120-1121 ◽  
pp. 490-492
Author(s):  
Xing Long Guo
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Conductivity ◽  
High Temperature ◽  
Magnetron Sputtering ◽  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Power Plants ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Heat Pumps ◽  
High Mechanical Strength ◽  
Power Generators ◽  
Device Operation

Thermoelectric materials are of interest for applications as heat pumps and power generators. Thermoelectric properties of SnxGa1−xN alloys have been investigated. It was found that as Sn concentration increases, the thermal conductivity decreases and power factor increases, which leads to an increase in the TE figure of ZT. The valuge of ZT was found to be 0.07 at 300 K for Sn0.38Ga0.64N alloy. The results indicate that SnGaN alloys could be potentially important TE materials for many applications, especially for prolonged TE device operation at high temperatures, such as for recovery of waste heat from automobile, aircrafts, and power plants due to their superior physical properties, including the ability of operating at high temperature/high power conditions, high mechanical strength and stability, and radiation hardness.

Direct Thermoelectric Microgeneration Using Residual Heat of Photovoltaic System

2012 ◽  
Vol 608-609 ◽  
pp. 97-113 ◽  
Author(s):  
José Rui Camargo ◽  
Jamir Machado da Silva ◽  
Ederaldo Godoy Junior ◽  
Renan Eduardo da Silva ◽  
Luiz Eduardo Nicolini do Patrocínio Nunes ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Thermal Energy ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Thermoelectric Module ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Photovoltaic System ◽  
Prototype System ◽  
Theoretical Evaluation ◽  
Photovoltaic Panel ◽  
Influence Of Temperature

All photovoltaic panel heats up when exposed to sunlight and this heating reduces the electrical power output of the same. This work presents the use of this unwanted waste heat, converting it into thermal energy directly by means of the Seebeck effect, which is the direct conversion of thermal energy into electrical energy by means of an arrangement of semiconductor materials that when exposed to temperature gradients generate electric current. In this work emphasis was placed on the influence of temperature on generation processes involved. Thus, the theoretical evaluation, it presents the mathematical models of thermoelectric and photovoltaic systems by raising the curves of voltage, current and electric power generated, and analyses the influence of temperature in each model. To obtain the simulation curves it uses MATLAB ® 5.3, taking into account the parameters of thermoelectric modules and real photovoltaic cells. In practical evaluation, a prototype was assembled containing thermoelectric module attached to the bottom of a photovoltaic panel in order to use the heat energy absorbed by the panel. The data were stored and analyzed, where we observed the influence of temperature in both systems, validating the mathematical modeling. It is the applicability of the mathematical model given the results obtained with the prototype system.

Ternary Copper-Based Diamond-Like Semiconductors for Thermoelectric Applications

2009 ◽  
Vol 1166 ◽  
Author(s):  
Donald T Morelli ◽  
Eric J. Skoug
Keyword(s):  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Waste Heat Recovery ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Clean Energy ◽  
Direct Conversion ◽  
Thermoelectric Device ◽  
Climate Control

AbstractThermoelectric materials can provide sources of clean energy and increase the efficiency of existing processes. Solar energy, waste heat recovery, and climate control are examples of applications that could benefit from the direct conversion between thermal and electrical energy provided by a thermoelectric device. The widespread use of thermoelectric devices has been prevented by their lack of efficiency, and thus the search for high-efficiency thermoelectric materials is ongoing. Here we describe our initial efforts studying copper-containing ternary compounds for use as high-efficiency thermoelectric materials that could provide low-cost alternatives to their silver-containing counterparts. The compounds of interest are semiconductors that crystallize in structures that are variants of binary zincblende structure compounds. Two examples are the compounds Cu2SnSe3 and Cu3SbSe4, for which we present here preliminary thermoelectric characterization data.

Penta-PdX2 (X = S, Se, Te) monolayers: promising anisotropic thermoelectric materials

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (18) ◽  
pp. 11134-11142 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yang-Shun Lan ◽  
Xiang-Rong Chen ◽  
Cui-E Hu ◽  
Yan Cheng ◽  
Qi-Feng Chen
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Dioxide ◽  
Greenhouse Gas Emissions ◽  
Greenhouse Gas ◽  
Thermoelectric Materials ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Gas Emissions

Thermoelectric materials can be used to convert waste heat into electrical energy, which is considered to be a cleaner form of energy that reduces carbon dioxide and greenhouse gas emissions.

Generating Renewable Electric Power and Reducing Carbon Footprint by Converting Low-Grade Heat to Electrical Energy

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Adam Halsband
Keyword(s):  
Carbon Footprint ◽  
Energy Savings ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Organic Rankine Cycle ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Energy Sources ◽  
Low Grade ◽  
Low Grade Heat ◽  
Stack Gas

Recent technological developments in expander design and next generation refrigerants have made implementation of the Organic Rankine Cycle (ORC) a viable strategy for converting low grade heat into valuable amounts of recoverable, green electrical power. This green process reduces the typical plants carbon footprint. A brief review of the technical drivers of a typical ORC design will be followed with examples of waste heat energy sources in a typical 50 MMGPY biofuels plant. A Case History will be presented for potential energy sources to drive the process that will include 1.) 15 psig steam / condensate return 2.) Boiler stack gas 3.) Dryer stack gas emissions with expected converted electrical energy yields. Impact of energy savings and reducing total plant carbon emissions will also be addressed.

scholarly journals Gas engines secondary heat recovery to electrical energy

2019 ◽  
Vol 109 ◽  
pp. 00066
Author(s):  
Yurii Oksen ◽  
Olena Trofymova ◽  
Oleksandr Bobryshov ◽  
Anatolii Lukisha ◽  
Volodymyr Pryvalov
Keyword(s):  
Power Generation ◽  
Heat Recovery ◽  
Waste Heat ◽  
Electrical Power ◽  
Electrical Energy ◽  
Calculation Algorithm ◽  
Gas Engine ◽  
Power Generation Unit ◽  
Heat Mode ◽  
Generation Unit

The schema for gas engine waste heat recovery to electrical power by dual circuit power generation unit with different working agents has been developed. The method and the most efficient power generation unit heat mode calculation algorithm under the conditions of the given restrictions on the temperature differences in the heat exchangers has been developed. Based on the mathematical modeling of heat modes it has been stated that 4200 kW of heat power can be utilized to generate 520 kW of electrical power for JMS 620 gas engine. It has been calculated that the efficiency of secondary heat recovery to electrical power reaches 12.3 % which leads general efficiency increase for a gas engine from 42.9 up to 50.0 %.

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