Influence of Oxide Dispersoids on the Structure Development of Copper Nanocomposite Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering Technology

2020 ◽  
Vol 405 ◽  
pp. 391-395
Author(s):  
Juraj Szabo ◽  
Katarína Ďurišinová ◽  
Ondrej Milkovič ◽  
Juraj Ďurišin
Keyword(s):  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Processing Route ◽  
Sintered Compact ◽  
Practical Utilization ◽  
Ultrafine Grains ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Thermal Stable

Dispersion strengthened Cu composites are studied over recent years to find an optimum processing route to obtain a high strength, thermal-stable copper alloy designed for modern applications in electrical engineering. The experimental Cu–4Al2O3–1MgO material was prepared by in situ thermo-chemical technique and mechanical milling followed by spark plasma sintering (SPS). The study analyses the influence of the Al2O3 and MgO secondary phases on strengthening the copper matrix. Microstructure of the composite was studied by X-ray diffraction analysis, scanning and transmission electron microscopy. The sintered microstructure shows a grain size distribution characterized by ultrafine grains/twins embedded inside the matrix of nanocrystalline grains. The microstructure is thermal stable up to 900 °C due to the dispersed alumina nano-particles that effectively strengthen crystallite/grain boundaries during the SPS process and annealing of the sintered compact at elevated temperatures. On the other hand, the coarsened MgO particles are responsible for ultrafine grains/twins formation. The obtained microstructure is important for practical utilization of the material because this structure is characterized by a good combination of strength and ductility.

MICROSTRUCTURE AND MECHANICAL BEHAVIOR OF AMORPHOUS Al–Cu–Ti METAL FOAMS SYNTHESIZED BY SPARK PLASMA SINTERING

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 (Supp02) ◽  
pp. 1850022
Author(s):  
MAOYUAN LI ◽  
LIN LU ◽  
ZHEN DAI ◽  
YIQIANG HONG ◽  
WEIWEI CHEN ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Properties ◽  
Mechanical Behavior ◽  
Intermetallic Compounds ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Volume Fraction ◽  
Metal Foams ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Xrd Patterns

Amorphous Al–Cu–Ti metal foams were prepared by spark plasma sintering (SPS) process with the diameter of 10[Formula: see text]mm. The SPS process was conducted at the pressure of 200 and 300[Formula: see text]MPa with the temperature of 653–723[Formula: see text]K, respectively. NaCl was used as the space-holder, forming almost separated pores with the porosity of 65 vol%. The microstructure and mechanical behavior of the amorphous Al–Cu–Ti metal foams were systematically investigated. The results show that the crystallinity increased at elevated temperatures. The effect of pressure and holding time on the crystallization was almost negligible. The intermetallic compounds, i.e. Al–Ti, Al–Cu and Al–Cu–Ti were identified from X-ray diffraction (XRD) patterns. It was found that weak adhesion and brittle intermetallic compounds reduced the mechanical properties, while lower volume fraction and smaller size of NaCl powders improved the mechanical properties.

Comparison of synthesis and spark plasma sintering of YAG nano particles by variation of pH and precipitator agent

2018 ◽  
Vol 44 (18) ◽  
pp. 23215-23225 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mahsa Rahmani ◽  
Omid Mirzaee ◽  
Mohammad Tajally ◽  
Mohammad Reza Loghman-Estarki
Keyword(s):  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Nano Particles ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma

Formation of Metal-Intermetallic Laminate Composites by Spark Plasma Sintering of Metal Plates and Powder Work Pieces

2014 ◽  
Vol 698 ◽  
pp. 277-282 ◽  
Author(s):  
Daria V. Lazurenko ◽  
Vyacheslav I. Mali ◽  
Alexander Thoemmes
Keyword(s):  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Titanium Aluminide ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Intermetallic Layer ◽  
Functional Materials ◽  
X Ray Diffraction ◽  
Laminate Composites ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Metal Plates ◽  
Spark Plasma

Laminate composites with an intermetallic component are some of the most prospective constructional and functional materials. The basic formation method of such materials consists in heating a stack composed of metallic plates reacting at elevated temperatures to form intermetallic phases. The temperature of the process is usually approximately equal to a melting point of a more easily fusible component. In this study, an alternative technology of producing a titanium – titanium aluminide composite with a laminate structure is suggested. It consists in combining metallic (titanium and aluminum) powder mixtures pre-sintered at 400 оС with titanium plates, alternate stacking of these components and subsequent spark plasma sintering (SPS) of the fabricated workpieces. Applying this technology allowed for the fabrication of metal-intermetallic laminate (MIL) materials with an inhomogeneous structure of intermetallic interlayers. The phases revealed in the composite by X-Ray diffraction (XRD) were α-Ti, Al, Al3Ti and Al2Ti. Moreover, the results of the energy-dispersive analysis gave the evidence of the formation of Ti-enriched phases in powder layers after SPS. A small number of voids were observed between the structural components of the intermetallic layers. Voids were also detected at “metal-intermetallic” interfaces; however, the quality of connection between different layers in the composite was very high. The microhardness of an intermetallic layer formed in the composite was comparable to the microhardness of the Al3Ti compound. The microhardness of titanium was equal to 1600 MPa.

scholarly journals Tribological Characterization of Micron-/Nano-Sized WC-9%Co Cemented Carbides Prepared by Spark Plasma Sintering at Elevated Temperatures

Materials ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (6) ◽  
pp. 920 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saleh Wohaibi ◽  
Abdul Mohammed ◽  
Tahar Laoui ◽  
Abbas Hakeem ◽  
Akeem Adesina ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Wear Resistance ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Room Temperature ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Normal Load ◽  
Cemented Carbide ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Dry Conditions ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Track Area

The present study investigates the high temperature tribological performance of spark plasma sintered, nano- and micron-sized tungsten carbide (WC) bonded by 9 wt.% cobalt (Co). The composites were fabricated using a two-step procedure of mixing followed by spark plasma sintering (SPS). Ball-on-disc wear tests were conducted at a normal load of 30 N, linear speed of 0.1 m/s under dry conditions and at three different temperatures (room temperature, 300 °C and 600 °C). Field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), optical profilometry and energy dispersive X-ray (EDS) spectroscopy were used to analyze the surface morphology and the wear track area. At room temperature, it was observed that the nano-sized WC composites exhibited better wear resistance than the micron-sized WC composites. The wear resistance of the nano-sized samples declined significantly relative to that of the micron-sized samples with an increase in temperature. This decline in performance was attributed to the higher surface area of nano-sized WC particles, which underwent rapid oxidation at elevated temperatures, resulting in poor wear resistance. The wear rate observed at 600 °C for the micron-sized WC composites was 75% lower than that of the nano-sized cemented carbide. Oxidative wear was observed to be the predominant wear mechanism for both cemented carbide samples at elevated temperatures.

scholarly journals Electrical properties of Ca2Si sintered compact synthesized by spark plasma sintering

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. 106-109 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Wen ◽  
T. Nonomura ◽  
A. Kato ◽  
Y. Kenichi ◽  
H. Udono ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Electrical Properties ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Sintered Compact ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma

TiPt HTSMA Produced by Spark Plasma Sintering of Elemental Powders

2013 ◽  
Vol 738-739 ◽  
pp. 579-583
Author(s):  
Silethelwe Chikosha ◽  
Hilda Kundai Chikwanda
Keyword(s):  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Processing Route ◽  
Potential Candidate ◽  
Jet Engines ◽  
Two Phase ◽  
Alternative Processing ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
Added Benefit ◽  
Sintering Conditions

Titanium-platinum (Ti50Pt50) alloy has been identified as a potential candidate for high temperature shape memory alloy (HTSMA) applications such as actuators in jet engines. This work evaluates powder metallurgy as an alternative processing route with the added benefit that near net shaped components can be formed. Spark plasma sintering (SPS) of blended elemental titanium and platinum powders was carried out. The sintering conditions used were: temperatures ranging from 1200 to 1400 °C and sintering times ranging from 10 to 30 minutes. SEM with EDS, XRD and DSC were carried out to study the results. Results showed that SPS only achieved high density, but not homogenisation of the alloys. All sintering conditions resulted in formation of the martensitic TiPt phase of interest, together with some or all of the following phases: Ti, Ti3Pt, Ti4Pt3, Ti3Pt5 and Pt. Post sintering annealing treatments were carried out to homoginise the alloys at 1300 °C for times ranging from 5 to 15 hours. With sufficient annealing times a two phase microstructure was produced with TiPt as the majority matrix phase and Ti3Pt5 as the precipitate phase.

scholarly journals Microstructural Stability of Ti based Composites Fabricated by Spark Plasma Sintering

2020 ◽  
Vol 321 ◽  
pp. 03023
Author(s):  
Yoshimi Watanabe ◽  
Miwa Hattori ◽  
Tadachika Chiba ◽  
Hisashi Sato
Keyword(s):  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Heterogeneous Nucleation ◽  
Elevated Temperatures ◽  
Nucleation Site ◽  
Layer By Layer ◽  
Microstructural Stability ◽  
Heterogeneous Nucleation Site ◽  
Pinning Effect ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Spark Plasma

In our previous study, the effects of TiC heterogeneous nucleation site particles on formability and microstructure of additive manufactured (AMed) Ti-6Al-4V products were studied. It was found that the addition of TiC particles decreased the grain size of primary β phase in AMed Ti-6Al-4V samples, since TiC particles act as heterogeneous nucleation sites. It is also found that the density of AMed Ti-6Al-4V samples could be increased by addition of TiC particles. It is expected that solid-state β-grain growth by the high temperature thermal cycles associated with layer-by-layer manufacturing can be suppressed by the pinning effect of TiC heterogeneous nucleation site particles. In this study, the pinning effect of heterogeneous nucleation site particles on microstructure of Ti at elevated temperatures is studied. For this purpose, Ti-0.3vol%TiC samples fabricated by spark plasma sintering (SPS) are used as the model materials, and microstructure and hardness of the samples heat treated at elevated temperatures are studied.

scholarly journals Solid-State Processing Route, Mechanical Behaviour, and Oxidation Resistance of TiAl Alloys

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-21 ◽  
Author(s):  
Prince V. Cobbinah ◽  
Wallace R. Matizamhuka
Keyword(s):  
Temperature Deformation ◽  
Processing Route ◽  
High Oxygen Content ◽  
Tial Alloys ◽  
Ultrafine Grains ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Dynamic Recrystallisation ◽  
Ternary Element ◽  
Spark Plasma ◽  
State Processing

A primary challenge associated with TiAl alloys is their low ductility at room temperature. One approach to overcome this flaw is attaining ultrafine grains in the alloy’s final microstructure. The powder metallurgy (PM) processing route favours the synthesising of ultrafine grains in TiAl alloys. This paper features the mechanical alloying (MA) process and rapid consolidation through the spark plasma sintering (SPS) technique, which comprises the PM process. Furthermore, a second approach discussed covers microalloying TiAl alloys. An evaluation of the influence of high oxygen content is also presented, including the formation of α-Al2O3. A section of the review delves into the dynamic recrystallisation mechanisms involved in elevated temperature deformation of TiAl alloys. The final section highlights the efficacy of ternary element additions to TiAl alloys against oxidation.

Spark Plasma Sintering of Mg-Zn-Mn-Si-HA Alloy for Bone Fixation Devices

2019 ◽  
pp. 282-295 ◽  
Author(s):  
Chander Prakash ◽  
Sunpreet Singh ◽  
Ahmad Majdi Abdul-Rani ◽  
M. S. Uddin ◽  
B. S. Pabla ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Elastic Modulus ◽  
Spark Plasma Sintering ◽  
Optical Microscope ◽  
Sintered Compact ◽  
Xrd Pattern ◽  
Bone Fixation ◽  
Plasma Sintering ◽  
Low Elastic Modulus ◽  
Fixation Devices ◽  
Spark Plasma

In this chapter, low elastic modulus porous Mg-Zn-Mn-(Si, HA) alloy was fabricated by mechanical alloying and spark plasma sintering technique. The microstructure, topography, elemental, and chemical composition of the as-sintered bio-composite were characterized by optical microscope, FE-SEM, EDS, and XRD technique. The mechanical properties such as hardness and elastic modulus were determined by nanoindentation technique. The as-sintered bio-composites show low ductility due to the presence of Si, Ca, and Zn elements. The presence of Mg matrix was observed as primary grain and the presence of coarse Mg2Si, Zn, and CaMg as a secondary grain boundary. EDS spectrum and XRD pattern confirms the formation of intermetallic biocompatible phases in the sintered compact, which is beneficial to form apatite and improved the bioactivity of the alloy for osseointegration. The lowest elastic modulus of 28 GPa was measured. Moreover, the as-sintered bio-composites has high corrosion resistance and corrosion rate of the Mg was decreased by the addition of HA and Si element.

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